KR102181105B1 - Hydroponic cultivation method for cotton - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation method of raw cotton (cotton). Specifically, the present invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation method including seed rapid germination, seedling, and planting steps and using a raw cotton (pure cotton) mesh nonwoven fabric medium. The present invention enables indoor cultivation in Korea where it is difficult to cultivate raw cotton in an open field, thereby enabling mass cultivation of raw cotton.

Description

Hydroponic cultivation method for cotton {Hydroponic cultivation method for cotton}

The present invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation method of raw cotton, and specifically, raw cotton seeds used for hydroponic cultivation of raw cotton (cotton) are rapidly germinated using a cotton mesh nonwoven fabric, seedlings, mixed microorganism culture solutions, etc. So, it relates to a method of organic (organic) cotton hydroponic cultivation.

Raw Cotton Primary raw material is for spinning, non-woven fabric, bleached cotton, pure cotton pulp, noodle making, other industries and cotton (cotton) seeds for cotton oil, cotton with more than 40% protein (feed) It is used as a raw material for various industries.

Field cultivation of cotton (cotton) is influenced by climate characteristics, and the cultivation area is China (Shandong Province, Xinjiang, etc.), the United States (Texas, California, Arizona, etc.), Australia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Central Asia, Egypt, parts of Africa. It is limited to cultivation of one crop per year. It is sown in March-April, harvested with cotton wool in August-November, and sold and distributed through primary processing (Ginning).

When rain or typhoon comes during the harvest season (August-November), the yield of cotton wool significantly decreases due to damage to the cotton crop, making it difficult to cultivate raw cotton in the open field in Korea, Japan, Taiwan, Vietnam, Indonesia, Southwest Asia and other countries.

In addition, general problems arising when cultivating raw cotton fields are the problems of cost and management according to the cultivation method using large-scale land, the decrease in productivity according to one crop per year, and excessive use of pesticides to prevent pests and pests in the field, resulting from land pollution, And there is a problem of the limitation of the cultivation area according to the weather and climatic conditions.

Hydroponic cultivation can be considered as an alternative to field cultivation of raw cotton. However, since the hydroponic cotton seeds were recognized as a highly robust crop, their productivity was degraded because the seed germination rate was very low. On the other hand, there are many related prior art for various hydroponic cultivation methods for plants, but no prior art for hydroponic cultivation of raw cotton has been confirmed.

In order to solve this problem, the inventors have studied the hydroponic cultivation method of raw cotton since 2011, and as a result, the present invention has been completed.

Registered Patent Publication No. 10-1724400 Registered Patent Publication No. 10-1634587

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is to provide a raw cotton (cotton) hydroponic cultivation method capable of increasing the germination rate and growth rate of seeds, and improving productivity during hydroponic cultivation of raw cotton.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a raw surface hydroponic cultivation method as follows.

(1) raw cotton seed property germination stage;

(2) seedling stage;

(3) formal stage;

Raw cotton hydroponic cultivation method comprising a.

(1) Cotton (cotton) seed property germination step is a preparatory step for promoting the germination of cotton seeds using a cotton mesh nonwoven fabric, (a) dormant breakage step; (b) rapid germination step.

(a) Breaking dormancy step is a step of soaking cotton seeds to restore the growth activity of cotton seeds that have been temporarily stopped, and the temperature of water is 35 to 42°C, preferably 40°C, 1 to 3 hours, preferably 2 hours Soak cotton seeds while soaking. To break the dormancy, a mixed microorganism culture solution, liquid calcium, etc. may be additionally mixed with water.

(b) The rapid germination step is a step of germinating the raw cotton seeds that have gone through the dormant breaking step using a raw cotton (pure cotton) mesh nonwoven fabric. As a method, germination is promoted on a raw mesh nonwoven sheet paper, and a microbial culture solution, which is a supply of nutrients, is mixed with water and then germinated in an LED germination room at 30°C. If necessary, the mixed microbial culture solution can be additionally supplemented at each drying time.

Germination temperature is possible even at room temperature, but can be germinated at a uniform temperature and humidity in the LED germination room, preferably at 29 ℃ to 31 ℃. The temperature range is for improving the germination rate and shortening the germination period. If the temperature is out of 30℃ or there is a difference of more than 5 degrees in temperature change, the germination rate is delayed or the decay rate is accelerated. Since the microbial culture medium is included and is more sensitive to temperature changes than normal water, it is important to maintain the proper temperature for germination. The germination period is preferably 2 to 5 days. If germinated beyond the above period, over-germination leads to seed rot.

(2) The seedling (sprout) step is a step of cultivating in earnest by moving the raw cotton sprouts germinated through the (1) germination step.

(a) transplanting the germinated raw cotton sprouts; (b) sprout growth stage; (c) Sprout hydroponic seedling step.

The step (a) transplanting the germinated cotton sprouts is a step of transplanting the sprouts of the germinated cotton seeds into pure cotton medium in contact with water so that the sprouts can take root.

A mixture of mixed microorganism culture solution and calcium aqueous solution is added to the raw cotton mesh nonwoven fabric and wrapped in a thickness of 5 mm from the middle of the root of the sprout to the lower part of the stem to make a pure cotton medium.

The reason for using a cotton mesh non-woven fabric instead of a chemical fabric such as polyester in the present invention is that during germination, it has excellent breathability to inhibit bacterial growth, prevent seed spoilage, and adjust the absorption rate of mixed microorganism culture solution and nutrient solution after germination and preserve microorganisms. It can provide sufficient nutrient supply in the seedling process because it simultaneously performs the cultivation of the plant.

(b) In the sprout growth stage, a sprout is grown in the indoor germination period, and the germination conditions are the same as those in the germination stage in (1).

In addition, ultraviolet 660nm wavelength can be supplied to promote photosynthesis and growth.

The growth period of the sprout is not limited, but is preferably about 3 to 5 days, and it is an important time to select normal sprouts at this stage and move them to the seedling stage.

(c) Sprout hydroponic seedling step is (b) hydroponic seeding of sprouts that have gone through the sprout growth step.When hydroponic seeding is performed, it is planted in a raw mesh nonwoven medium containing a mixed microorganism culture solution and a calcium aqueous solution mixture to finely crushed stone clay. Put it in a filled mold or sponge and let it contact with water. Hydration and nutrition are provided under the stem, preferably under the root. In addition, ultraviolet 660nm wavelength can be supplied to promote photosynthetic growth. In addition to the stone clay, sand, masato, etc. may be used as the stone clay, and preferably, stone clay crushed to 3 mm or less may be used.

The seeding period is not limited, but may preferably be 5 to 7 days.

(3) The planting step is the order of flowering from the buds that have gone through the step (2) above, and the raw mesh non-woven fabric medium is transferred to the pot as it is. Hydration and nutrition are provided under the stem, preferably under the root. In addition to water, even in the formal stage, a mixed microorganism culture solution and an aqueous calcium solution may be additionally included.

The raw mesh nonwoven fabric used in each step may be a nonwoven fabric having a pore size of 15 to 40 mesh, preferably 22 mesh for ventilation and smooth nutrition supply.

Further, the raw cotton mesh non-woven fabric 30 to 60gsm (g / m ^2), preferably be a non-woven fabric having a weight of 40gsm (g / m ²⁾ and, when out of the above range ventilation and feeding this may not be smooth have.

The mixed microorganism culture solution and calcium aqueous solution that can be commonly included in the (1) rapid germination step, (2) seedling step, and (3) planting step are as follows.

Microorganisms included in the mixed microorganism culture solution are 1) Lactobacillus bulgaricus , Streptococcus thermophiles , Bifidobacterium lactis , 2) Saccharomyces cerabageae ( Saccaromyces cervisiae ), 3) Bacillus subtilis , but is not limited thereto.

The 1) Lactobacillus bulgaricus (Lactobacillus bulgaricus ), Streptococcus thermophiles ( Streptococcus thermophiles ), Bifidobacterium lactis ( Bifidobacterium lactis ) may be included in a weight ratio of 1: 2: 1.5, respectively.

2) Saccaromyces cervisiae is 1) Lactobacillus bulgaricus ( Lactobacillus bulgaricus ), Streptococcus thermophiles ( Streptococcus thermophiles ) and Bifidobacterium lactis in total 100 parts by weight Compared to 100 to 200 parts by weight, preferably 140 to 160 parts by weight may be included.

3) Bacillus subtilis is 1) Lactobacillus bulgaricus ( Lactobacillus bulgaricus ), Streptococcus thermophiles ( Streptococcus thermophiles ), Bifidobacterium lactis ( Bifidobacterium lactis ) 0.1 to the total 100 parts by weight of 1 part by weight may be included, and preferably 0.3 to 0.7 parts by weight may be included.

The mixed microorganism is cultured by the following culture method.

Put 900L of water into the tank and raise the temperature to 37℃. When the temperature rises, 120L of millet sugar can be added, and a filter can be used if necessary to remove impurities. After that, it is stirred for about 10 minutes, and check whether the sugar content is 5.0 or more and 5.9% or less using a sugar content meter. After that, 4 kg of the mixed microorganism is added and stirred for 10 minutes, and it is checked whether the sugar content is 4.8 to 5.2 and the pH value is 5. Then, fermentation is performed for 6 to 7 days to obtain a culture solution.

The culture solution obtained from the mixed microorganism cultured through the above method may be diluted and included, and the dilution ratio may be included by dilution in a weight ratio of water: mixed microorganism culture solution 100:1 to 1000:1, but is not limited thereto. The aqueous calcium solution is obtained by diluting water-soluble calcium in water, and may include water by diluting water-soluble calcium in a weight ratio of 100:1 to 500:1.

The nutrient solution may contain components such as nitrogen, water-soluble phosphoric acid, water-soluble potassium, water-soluble goto, water-soluble boron, water-soluble iron, water-soluble copper, and water-soluble manganese, but is not limited thereto.

According to the hydroponic cultivation method of raw cotton of the present invention, it is possible to mass-produce raw cotton in Korea, which is difficult to cultivate in the open field by increasing the germination rate and growth rate of raw cotton seeds.

1 shows the germination rates of the control group and the experimental group of Experimental Example 1.
2 is a graph showing the germination rate of raw cotton (cotton) seeds of the control of Experimental Example 1, Comparative Example, and Examples of the present invention.
Figure 3 shows the process of germination of raw cotton mixed microorganism culture solution injection.
Figure 4 shows the step of seedling and planting the mesh nonwoven medium of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by examples and experimental examples.

However, the following examples and experimental examples are merely illustrative of the present invention, and the contents of the present invention are not limited to the following examples and experimental examples.

<Example>

1. Preparation of mixed microorganism culture solution

1) Lactobacillus bulgaricus ( Lactobacillus bulgaricus ), Streptococcus thermophiles ( Streptococcus thermophiles ), Bifidobacterium lactis ( Bifidobacterium lactis ), respectively 1: 2 to 100 parts by weight of mixed microorganisms containing a ratio of 1.5 2) Saccharomyces cervisiae ( Saccaromyces cervisiae ) 155 parts by weight, 3) Bacillus natto ( Bacillus natto ) A mixed microorganism containing 0.5 parts by weight was cultured in the following manner to obtain a culture solution.

Put 900L of water into the tank and raise the temperature to 37℃. When the temperature rises, 120L of millet sugar can be added, and a filter can be used if necessary to remove impurities. After that, it is stirred for about 10 minutes, and check whether the sugar content is 5.0 or more and 5.9% or less using a sugar content meter. After that, 4 kg of the mixed microorganisms are added and stirred for 10 minutes, and the sugar content is 4.8 to 5.2 and the pH value is 5. Then, fermentation is performed for 6 to 7 days to obtain a culture solution.

2. Preparation of calcium aqueous solution

Water-soluble calcium powder was purchased and diluted to 400:1 to prepare an aqueous calcium solution.

<Experimental Example 1> Evaluation of cotton germination rate

The mixed microbial culture solution prepared in the above example was diluted in warm water at 40° C. at a ratio of 1000:1, and seeds were soaked in a solution diluted at 400:1 for water-soluble calcium for 2 hours to break dormancy. The solution in which the microorganism culture solution and the calcium aqueous solution were mixed was applied on a raw mesh nonwoven fabric, and the seeds that had broken dormant were placed to induce germination. Specific conditions are shown in Table 1 below. The raw mesh nonwoven fabric of the present invention used in the experiment has a pore size of 22 mesh and a basis weight of 40 gsm (g/m ² ).

Experimental conditions Control Comparative example Experimental group (invention) Kinds tap water (1) mixed microorganism
(Dilution ratio 1000:1)
(2) calcium aqueous solution
(Dilution ratio 400:1) (1) mixed microorganism
(Dilution ratio 1000:1)
(2) calcium aqueous solution
(Dilution ratio 400:1) Sheet paper Pulp paper
(Kitchen towel) Plain cotton non-woven fabric
(No voids, 40gsm(g/m ² )) Raw cotton mesh non-woven fabric
(22 mesh, 40gsm(g/m ² )) Temperature 25~28℃ 29~31℃ 29~31℃ Place Indoor window LED infrared germinator
(Wavelength 660nm) LED infrared germinator
(Wavelength 660nm)

It was germinated in an LED germination room at a temperature of 29-31°C for 3-4 days, and 40 seeds were used for each of the control group, the comparative example, and the experimental group, and the olfactory sense, sensory function, and normal seed quantity were checked by date. The experimental results are shown in Table 2.

As a result of the experiment, the raw cotton seeds germinated in the experimental group were germinated in 30 out of 40 seeds, and there was no color change of the germinated sheet paper, and there was no odor (FIG. 1). In the comparative example, the germination rate was higher than that of the control group, but when compared with the experimental group, the germination rate was low, the color of the sheet paper was slightly changed, and an odor was also generated. On the other hand, in the control group, not only the color of the sheet paper changed during the germination stage, but also a bad smell occurred, and the germinated seeds were also 15, showing that the germination rate was only about 50% compared to the experimental group (FIG. 2).

Germination state Control Comparative example Experimental group (invention) Sensuality (sheet paper) Turns yellow
Dry with rapid moisture evaporation Slight color change
Moisture retention of sheet paper No big change in color
Moisture retention of sheet paper smell Severe odor and insects Slight odor Good Number of germinated seeds 15 pieces 18 pieces 30 pcs

<Experimental Example 2> Evaluation of survival rate at the seedling stage

In Experimental Example 1, only seeds with roots were picked and grown, and then the stems of the grown sprouts were wrapped with a cotton mesh non-woven fabric, and then the mixed microorganism culture solution of the example and the calcium aqueous solution were injected in tap water under the same conditions for 4-5 days. It was grown in acyl, and the experimental results are shown in Table 3.

Experimental conditions Control Comparative example Experimental group Type of culture medium tap water Mixed microorganism culture solution (dilution ratio 1000:1)+
Calcium aqueous solution (400:1) Mixed microorganism culture solution
(Dilution ratio 1000:1)+
Calcium aqueous solution (400:1) state Odor: odor
Sensory: Moss observed Odor: slight odor
Sensory: slight moss observed Odor: Good
Sensuality: good Number of steady states 5 8 20

As a result of the experiment, the experimental group of the present invention had a survival rate of 66% or more after germination and at the seedling stage, but the control and comparative examples showed a low growth rate after germination and at the seedling stage. In addition, in the control group and the comparative example, it can be seen that the growth is not smooth as odor and moss were observed in the seedling stage.

<Experimental Example 3> Evaluation of cotton growth rate at the planting stage

Raw cotton seedlings (root length of 3 cm or more) were selected and planted so that the roots were not damaged with a medium bag containing fine clay while wrapped in a pure cotton mesh fabric. The mixed microorganism culture solution and aqueous calcium solution of the examples were injected twice a week to grow raw cotton sprouts, and the results are shown in Table 4.

Experimental conditions Control Comparative example Experimental group Type of culture medium tap water Mixed microorganism culture solution
(Dilution ratio 500:1)+
Calcium aqueous solution (dilution ratio 400:1) Mixed microorganism culture solution
(Dilution ratio 500:1)+
Calcium aqueous solution (dilution ratio 400:1) state All rot in 12 days Not rotted, but slow growth Fast growth

As a result of the experiment, all the sprouts of the raw cotton cultured with tap water rotted after 12 days, and the sprouts in the comparative example did not rot, but the growth rate was slow. On the other hand, it was confirmed that the other experimental groups in the present invention did not have rotten sprouts, and the growth rate was also very fast.

Claims (10)

(1) (a) breaking dormancy by immersing cotton (cotton) seeds in a mixed solution containing a mixed microorganism culture solution and an aqueous calcium solution; (b) a germination step of germinating the raw cotton seeds that have undergone the (a) dormant breaking step on a raw cotton (pure cotton) mesh nonwoven fabric fabric; a raw cotton seed rapid germination step comprising;
(2) (a) planting the stems of raw cotton sprouts germinated through the step (1) by wrapping them with cotton mesh nonwoven fabric; (b) a sprout growth step of growing a sprout through the step (a); (c) hydroponically seeding the sprouts grown through the step (b) in a mixed solution containing a mixed microorganism culture solution and an aqueous calcium solution;
(3) Formal step of cultivating in a mixed solution containing a mixed microorganism culture solution and an aqueous calcium solution by wrapping the stem of the sprout grown through the step (2) with a cotton mesh nonwoven fabric,
The mixed microbial culture medium is 1) Lactobacillus bulgaricus , Streptococcus thermophiles , Bifidobacterium lactis , 2) Saccaromyces cervisiae , 3) Bacillus subtilis , including,
The 1) Lactobacillus bulgaricus , Streptococcus thermophiles , and Bifidobacterium lactis are each included in a weight ratio of 1: 2: 1.5,
The 2) Saccaromyces cervisiae ( Saccaromyces cervisiae ) is 1) Lactobacillus bulgaricus ( Lactobacillus bulgaricus ), Streptococcus thermophiles ( Streptococcus thermophiles ) and Bifidobacterium lactis ( Bifidobacterium lactis ) 100 weight It is included in 140 to 160 parts by weight,
The 3) Bacillus subtilis is 1) Lactobacillus bulgaricus ( Lactobacillus bulgaricus ), Streptococcus thermophiles ( Streptococcus thermophiles ), Bifidobacterium lactis ( Bifidobacterium lactis ) 0.1 compared to the total 100 parts by weight of Hydroponic cultivation method of raw cotton, characterized in that contained in to 1 part by weight. The hydroponic cultivation method of claim 1, wherein the raw mesh nonwoven fabric is a fabric having a pore size of 15 to 40 mesh. The hydroponic cultivation method of claim 1, wherein the raw mesh nonwoven fabric in each step is a fabric having a weight of 30 to 60 gsm (g/m ² ). delete delete delete delete The hydroponic cultivation method of claim 1, wherein the mixed microorganism culture solution is diluted with water of 100 to 1000 times by weight. The hydroponic cultivation method of claim 1, wherein the calcium aqueous solution is diluted with water of 100 to 500 times by weight. The hydroponic cultivation method for raw cotton according to claim 1, wherein ultraviolet rays of a wavelength of 660 nm are additionally irradiated in the (c) hydroponic seedling step of the step (2).

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