CN108243695A - A kind of Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot pesticide control and its application method - Google Patents

A kind of Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot pesticide control and its application method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108243695A
CN108243695A CN201810054797.1A CN201810054797A CN108243695A CN 108243695 A CN108243695 A CN 108243695A CN 201810054797 A CN201810054797 A CN 201810054797A CN 108243695 A CN108243695 A CN 108243695A
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parts
ear rot
maize ear
chinese actinidia
actinidia root
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任春光
龙云川
贺红早
徐朝云
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Guizhou Institute of Biology
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Guizhou Institute of Biology
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0256Ground coverings
    • A01G13/0268Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
    • A01G13/0275Films
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/64Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/647Triazoles; Hydrogenated triazoles
    • A01N43/6531,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/02Sulfur; Selenium; Tellurium; Compounds thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N63/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N63/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
    • A01N63/30Microbial fungi; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/30Polygonaceae [Buckwheat family], e.g. red-knees or rhubarb
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05DINORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D3/00Calcareous fertilisers
    • C05D3/02Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/28Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Abstract

The invention belongs to fruit tree cultivation technical fields, more particularly to a kind of Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot pesticide control and its application method, the present invention are inexpensively easily taken using organic fertilizer, microbial bacterial agent, Chinese medicine and a small amount of medicament mixing match, all raw material sources, without high-end devices, it is easy to operate and of low cost, it is good to the preventive effect of Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot, it is long to prevent the time, Kiwi berry disease resistance significantly improves, and reduces the use of chemical pesticide, has significant ecological environment benefit.

Description

A kind of Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot pesticide control and its application method
Technical field
The invention belongs to fruit tree cultivation technical field more particularly to a kind of Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot pesticide control and its users Method.
Background technology
Kiwi berry (Actinidia chinensis) belongs to Actinidiaceae liana (Actinidiaceae) Actinidia (Actinidia) fruit tree, full of nutrition, fruit delicacy succulence, faint scent is delicious, sour-sweet pleasant, vegetal pole horn of plenty.Its dimension Raw element C content is high, several times higher than fruit such as citrus, apples even tens times, while also containing a large amount of sugar, protein, amino acid Gas chromatographies and several mineral materials needed by human are waited, are known as the good reputation of the king of fruit.
In recent years, it was introduced a fine variety with the expansion of cultivated area and externally frequently, many Kiwi berry bases find Kiwi berry root-rot Disease large area breaks out and falls ill serious, and Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot is a kind of silborne fungal diseases, main soil-borne infection, in Huang Occur greatly in the various crops such as melon, banana, watermelon, mulberry tree, be referred to as worldwide disease, the harm on banana is referred to as " fragrant Any of several broadleaf plants cancer ", Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot main harm 2-3 fruit trees, main harm rhizome portion start to generate oval irregular Crineous scab, subsequent scab expand, and around stem one week, sick portion overflow contracting, and site of pathological change attenuates, and rot browning at root and rhizome, damp White mustiness object is grown when wet, its incidence is up to 70%-80% when serious, and plant strain growth is stagnated, and last whole strain is dead, dead Almost 100% is died, seriously affects the income of orchard worker.
The prevention of Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot at present mainly takes chemical agent filling to apply, long-term largely using chemical agent, both dirty Environment is contaminated, pesticide residue is exceeded, but also edaphon type and quantity reduce, and soil hardening, entire orchard environment Vicious circle causes Kiwi berry yield and quality to drastically reduce.It is few using not even using pesticide, raising in order to achieve the effect that Kiwi berry yield and quality.
The medicine fertilizer processing of the art of this patent prevention Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot reduces the incidence of Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot, December The middle ten days, which handles 2 Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot diseased plant incidence, reduces more than 2.0%, and late December handles 2 Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot diseased plants Incidence reduces more than 8.5%, and late Febuary next year incidence reduces by more than 21%.
Therefore, the present invention is by introducing microbial bacterial agent, abundant organic matter, treated Chinese medicine and a small amount of dosage component Mixing, and then inhibit the synthetic prescription of pathogen proliferation, Kiwi berry is given birth in generation, development to control Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot evil Production and food security are significant.
Invention content
The present invention is in order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot pesticide control and its make Use method.
It is realized particular by following technical scheme:
A kind of Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot pesticide control is made of following mass parts raw material, 600-1000 parts of well-rotted farmyard manure, sulphur 1-3 parts of sulphur powder, Ca (HCO3)250-70 parts, 100-200 parts of waste edible fungus rejected material, commercial Paecilomyces lilacinus 0.01-0.03 parts, 100-200 parts of polygonum capitatum dry product, generation is 0.03-0.05 parts high.
Further, the Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot control method, is made of, well-rotted farmyard manure 800 following mass parts raw material Part, 2 parts of Cosan, Ca (HCO3)260 parts, 150 parts of polygonum capitatum dry product, 150 parts of waste edible fungus rejected material, commercial Paecilomyces lilacinus 0.02 part, high 0.04 part of generation is applied fertilizer through winter and is obtained.
Further, the polygonum capitatum needs segment before use, and low temperature drying to water content is 50-60%, then is soaked in 2-3 hours in limewash, after being pulled out from limewash, 1-2h in beer is soaked in when not having under water droplet, is wrapped up with preservative film, 30-40 DEG C stands 3-5h and obtains.
Further, the Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot control method is laid with after winter fertilising at left and right sides of Kiwi berry root The white of long 0.8m-1.2m, wide 0.3-0.5m thicken mulch.
The Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot control method, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
(1) with fertilizer:Mid-November current year, polygonum capitatum dry product is cut into 5-10cm segments, then well-rotted farmyard manure, sulphur Sulphur powder, Ca (HCO3) 2, polygonum capitatum, waste edible fungus rejected material, commercial Paecilomyces lilacinus, generation height is mixed thoroughly spare after assorting in proportion;
(2) ridge is opened in ditching:Depth 10-15cm, the ditching of wide 10-20cm are being dug at the 20-30cm of root;
(3) fertilizer is applied:In 11 months, the cloudy day in the last ten-days period or fine day in the both sides ditch spread of Kiwi berry root with fertilizer, every plant of 5-10kg, Fertilizer applies rear table earthen backfill, is gently compacted;
(4) overlay film:Long 0.8m-1.2m is laid with after fertilising at left and right sides of Kiwi berry root, the white of wide 0.3-0.5m adds Thick mulch, when day temperature is higher than 20 DEG C, the air hole of high 2.0-2.5cm is stayed at mulch both ends, and cloudy day or night close air hole;
(5) striping:Next year early March after temperature gos up, mulch is removed, then Kiwi berry base can be according to a conventional method It is managed.
Advantageous effect:Compared with prior art, the present invention with following significant effect:
The present invention is inexpensively easy using organic fertilizer, microbial bacterial agent, Chinese medicine and a small amount of medicament mixing match, all raw material sources It takes, it is easy to operate without high-end devices and of low cost.The source of well-rotted farmyard manure is wide, quantity is big, convenient for gathering materials on the spot, just Ground uses, and cost is also than relatively low.Waste edible fungus rejected material common are machine fertilizer waste resource for Guizhou Province, and amount is big and cheap.
By raw material proportioning, soil pH value is both adjusted using Cosan wherein, moreover it is possible to kill disease fungus in soil, Bacterium, sickle-like bacteria, Pseudomonas, miliary damping-off;Ca(HCO3)2, Ca can be provided for Kiwi berry2+Source.By to polygonum capitatum into Row processing cooperation well-rotted farmyard manure, waste edible fungus rejected material, Paecilomyces lilacinus are used cooperatively, and accelerate polygonum capitatum, waste edible fungus Rejected material ingredient degradation, anti-nematode provide balanced N, P, K nutrient for Kiwi berry, increase the porosity and gas permeability of soil; Waste edible fungus rejected material is other than it can provide nutritional ingredient, moreover it is possible to kill root-knot nematode in soil.Polygonum capitatum, Paecilomyces lilacinus and The high utilization of generation can inhibit and kill a variety of cause of diseases such as rotten mould, sickle-like bacteria, Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn;White, which thickeies mulch, effectively to be carried High soil accumulated temperature kills the subterranean pest-insect and nematode of damage root system, avoids the intrusion of germ.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail, but the invention is not limited in these realities below Mode is applied, it is claimed to still fall within the claims in the present invention for any improvement or replacement on the present embodiment essence spirit Range.
Embodiment 1:Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot control method, includes the following steps:
(1) with fertilizer:Mid-November current year, polygonum capitatum dry product is cut into 5-10cm segments, then well-rotted farmyard manure 600 Part, 1 part of Cosan, Ca (HCO3)250 parts, 100 parts of polygonum capitatum, 100 parts of edible mushroom edible mushroom cultivation residue, commercial pale purple plan blueness 0.01 part of mould, generation high 0.03 assort in proportion after mixing mix thoroughly it is spare.
(2) ridge is opened in ditching:Depth 10-15cm, the ditching of wide 10-20cm are being dug at the 20-30cm of root both sides.
(3) fertilizer is applied:It is applied in the cloudy day of mid or late November or fine day in Kiwi berry root dressing furrow with fertilizer, every plant of 5-10kg, Fertilizer applies rear table earthen backfill, is gently compacted.
(4) overlay film:Long 0.8m-1.2m is laid with after fertilising at left and right sides of Kiwi berry root, the white of wide 0.3-0.5m adds Thick mulch, when day temperature is higher than 20 DEG C, the air hole of high 2.0-2.5cm is stayed at mulch both ends, and cloudy day or night close air hole.
(5) striping:Next year early March after temperature gos up, mulch is removed, then Kiwi berry base can be according to a conventional method It is managed.
Embodiment 2
Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot control method, includes the following steps:
With fertilizer:Mid-November current year, polygonum capitatum dry product is cut into 5-10cm segments, then 800 parts of well-rotted farmyard manure, 2 parts of Cosan, Ca (HCO3)260 parts, 150 parts of polygonum capitatum, 150 parts of edible mushroom edible mushroom cultivation residue, commercial Paecilomyces lilacinus 0.02 part of bacterium, generation high 0.04 assort in proportion after mixing mix thoroughly it is spare.
(2) ridge is opened in ditching:Depth 10-15cm, the ditching of wide 10-20cm are being dug at the 20-30cm of root both sides.
(3) fertilizer is applied:It is applied in the cloudy day of mid or late November or fine day in Kiwi berry root dressing furrow with fertilizer, every plant of 5-10kg, Fertilizer applies rear table earthen backfill, is gently compacted.
(4) overlay film:Long 0.8m-1.2m is laid with after fertilising at left and right sides of Kiwi berry root, the white of wide 0.3-0.5m adds Thick mulch, when day temperature is higher than 20 DEG C, the air hole of high 2.0-2.5cm is stayed at mulch both ends, and cloudy day or night close air hole.
(5) striping:Next year early March after temperature gos up, mulch is removed, then Kiwi berry base can be according to a conventional method It is managed.
Embodiment 3
Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot control method, includes the following steps:
With fertilizer:Mid-November current year, polygonum capitatum dry product is cut into 5-10cm segments, then well-rotted farmyard manure 1000 Part, 3 parts of Cosan, Ca (HCO3)270 parts, 200 parts of polygonum capitatum, 200 parts of edible mushroom edible mushroom cultivation residue, commercial pale purple plan blueness 0.03 part of mould, generation high 0.04 assort in proportion after mixing mix thoroughly it is spare.
(2) ridge is opened in ditching:Depth 10-15cm, the ditching of wide 10-20cm are being dug at the 20-30cm of root both sides.
(3) fertilizer is applied:It is applied in the cloudy day of mid or late November or fine day in Kiwi berry root dressing furrow with fertilizer, every plant of 5-10kg, Fertilizer applies rear table earthen backfill, is gently compacted.
(4) overlay film:Long 0.8m-1.2m is laid with after fertilising at left and right sides of Kiwi berry root, the white of wide 0.3-0.5m adds Thick mulch, when day temperature is higher than 20 DEG C, the air hole of high 2.0-2.5cm is stayed at mulch both ends, and cloudy day or night close air hole.
(5) striping:Next year early March after temperature gos up, mulch is removed, then Kiwi berry base can be according to a conventional method It is managed.
Embodiment 4
Difference lies in used polygonum capitatum needs not move through processing to embodiment 4 before use with embodiment 2.
Embodiment 5
Embodiment 5 uses the high medicament pouring root of generation.
Embodiment 6
Embodiment 6 is used as blank control group, using tap water pouring root.
Experimental example
1st, morbidity statistics
Method according to embodiment 1-6 cultivates 6 mu of Kiwi berrys, the hair of each 1 mu of embodiment, respectively statistics Each point in time Sick rate, the results are shown in Table 1.
Each processing Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot a situation arises the statistical form of table 1
To it is each processing root rot a situation arises statistics show with planting time extend root rot incidence gradually increase, Compared with the high individually Prevention technology 1 of conventional dose generation, handled using the medicine fertilizer of the art of this patent prevention Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot, dropped The low incidence of Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot, mid-December, which handles 2 Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot diseased plant incidence, reduces more than 2.0%, Late December, which handles 2 Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot diseased plant incidence, reduces more than 8.5%, and late Febuary next year incidence reduces by 21% More than.It can be seen that the medicine fertilizer for preparing of the present invention showed in the prevention of Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot it is excellent.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot pesticide control, which is characterized in that be made of following mass parts raw material, well-rotted farmyard manure 600- 1000 parts, 100-200 parts of waste edible fungus rejected material, 100-200 parts of polygonum capitatum dry product, 250-70 parts of Ca (HCO3), Cosan 1-3 Part, generation is 0.03-0.05 parts high, 0.01-0.03 parts of Paecilomyces lilacinus.
2. Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot pesticide control as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the medicament, by following quality Part raw material composition, 800 parts of well-rotted farmyard manure, 150 parts of waste edible fungus rejected material, 150 parts of polygonum capitatum dry product, 260 parts of Ca (HCO3), sulphur 2 parts of sulphur powder, generation is 0.04 part high, 0.02 part of Paecilomyces lilacinus.
3. Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot pesticide control as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the polygonum capitatum dry product uses Before need to cut off.
4. Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot pesticide control as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that its application method be by apply fertilizer into Row.
5. Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot pesticide control as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the fertilising further includes fertilising The laying plastic at left and right sides of Kiwi berry root afterwards.
6. Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot pesticide control as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot prevention Medicament includes the following steps:
(1) with fertilizer:Mid-November current year, by polygonum capitatum dry product segment, with well-rotted farmyard manure, Cosan, Ca (HCO3) 2, head Flower knotweed, waste edible fungus rejected material, Paecilomyces lilacinus, generation height is mixed thoroughly spare afterwards in proportion;
(2) ridge is opened in ditching:Zanjon is being dug at root;
(3) fertilizer is applied:In 11 months, the cloudy day in the last ten-days period or fine day in the both sides ditch spread of Kiwi berry root with fertilizer, fertilizer applies rear table earthen backfill, Gently it is compacted;
(4) overlay film:After fertilising at left and right sides of Kiwi berry root laying plastic, day temperature be higher than 20 DEG C when, mulch both ends are stayed The air hole of high 2.0-2.5cm, cloudy day or night close air hole;
(5) striping:Next year early March after temperature gos up, mulch is removed, then Kiwi berry base can carry out according to a conventional method Management.
CN201810054797.1A 2018-01-19 2018-01-19 A kind of Chinese actinidia root maize ear rot pesticide control and its application method Pending CN108243695A (en)

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