CN108849211A - A kind of cultural method of Queensland nut interplanting watermelon - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of Queensland nut interplanting watermelon Download PDFInfo
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- CN108849211A CN108849211A CN201811015075.1A CN201811015075A CN108849211A CN 108849211 A CN108849211 A CN 108849211A CN 201811015075 A CN201811015075 A CN 201811015075A CN 108849211 A CN108849211 A CN 108849211A
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- queensland nut
- watermelon
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- cultural method
- fertilizer
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cultural methods of Queensland nut interplanting watermelon, mainly include the following steps：(1) site preparation requires (2) base fertilizer application (3) transplanting or sowing (4) density (5) top dressing (6) field management.Site preparation requires：Cave-shaped site preparation, length and width, deep specification are respectively 20~30cm × 20~30cm × 30~40cm.The present invention makes land resource obtain optimization layout and utilize by the water and fertilizer management and density adjusting of science, and soil texture is improved, and can inhibit weed growth, reduces soil erosion, masking soil animal activity, improves Ecosystem Service；The production cost for reducing peasant household, increases economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical fields of woods fruit intercropping crop, and in particular to interplant to a kind of Queensland nut that is suitable for
The high-yield high-efficiency cultivation method of watermelon.
Background technique
Queensland nut (Macadamia integrifolia) is Proteaceae Queensland nut category bare hull kind aiphyllium, former
Originate in the subtropical zone Yulin Prefecture of the Queensland ,Australia southeast and New South Wales northeast bank.World's Queensland nut kind
It plants between 34 ° of north latitude to 30 ° of south latitude, wherein Chinese cultivated area occupies the first in the world.Queensland nut is by pericarp, kind shell and kind
Benevolence composition, kernel crisp-fried is palatable, rich in oils, protein, minerals, multivitamin and 8 kinds of amino needed by human
Acid, enjoys the laudatory title of " dry fruit queen ", and economic value is even more to be higher than other woody nuts, therefore also enjoy " king of nut "
Good reputation.As cognition degree of the consumer to Queensland nut increases, Consumption of China market has great potential, since China is used for quotient
The Queensland nut germ plasm resource of industry plantation almost derives from foreign countries, the Multiple factors joint effect such as heredity, environment, cultivation management Australia
The fruit quality and yield of continent nut, it is in addition also not overripened to soil nutrient and Queensland nut product Quality Research at present, therefore
It is unfavorable for the development of China's Queensland nut industry.
Watermelon (Citrulluslanatus) is the annual liana of overgrowing of Curcurbitaceae Citrullus, and monoecious plant originates in
It in Africa, enjoys light drought-enduring, plantation region is extensive.Contain the functions such as a large amount of carbohydrate, lycopene and citrulling in watermelon
Property ingredient, mouthfeel is high-quality, sweet, has healthcare function and higher nutritive value.Cultivating watermelon wide adaptability, sale price
Lattice are low, and deep to be liked by the majority of consumers, status also becomes increasingly conspicuous in rural economy crop production.China is as current maximum
Watermelon producing country, cultivated area account for about the 55% of the world, and the destructiveness of watermelon blight is larger, and when outburst can make the watermelon underproduction
30%~40%, at home and abroad watermelon producing region is generally existing.Single continuous plantation is also to influence the yield of watermelon and normal growth hair
One of the reason of educating.
Main body of the forest reserves as Eco-Environment System has important improvement and optimization function to ecological environment.It is pure
Woods cannot make full use of external environmental condition, supplement soil fertility, the maintenance ecological balance, improvement environmental condition etc., make to ecological environment
It is destroyed at serious, needs to optimize its structure adjustment.Pure forest exists as following drawbacks：(1) animal migrates because nowhere looking for food
Other places cause wild animal food chain not exist；(2) Litter-fall is the raw material of humus, and pure forest Litter-fall is single, is made
Obtain nutrients decrease；(3) humus layer can largely absorb moisture, reduce rainwash, and single humus layer causes soil
Earth is hardened, and porosity reduces, and is unfavorable for storing for soil water amount；(4) pest and disease damage easily occurs, the environment of microorganism life is by broken
Bad, species are difficult to update or even bio-diversity declines, and economic benefit is caused to reduce.Therefore, the reasonable mixed friendship of species, to raising
The species diversity of artificial forest is significant, can significantly improve ecology, economic and social benefit.
The plantation of Queensland nut generallys use the mode of pure forest, and just enters fruiting within the 3rd~4 year after Queensland nut plantation
Phase just enters period of high birth for 5~6 years, will cause a large amount of soil early period and leaves unused and waste, and increase artificial investment, this is unfavorable
In the soil space for making full use of young growth, thus land use structure is adjusted with realistic meaning, can be realized increasing both production and income.
Queensland nut interplants watermelon, additionally it is possible to improve bio-diversity level, realize biggish ecology and economic benefit.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of cultural methods suitable for Queensland nut interplanting watermelon, pass through answering for science
Structure configuration is closed, more preferably ecological functions and economic benefit is realized, soil is made to obtain Optimum utilization, is karst low-heat river valley stone
It cultivates ecological poverty alleviation industry and technical support is provided in desertization area.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme：
(1) site preparation requirement：Using cave-shaped site preparation, length and width, deep specification respectively (20~30) cm × (20~30) cm ×
(30~40) cm.
(2) base fertilizer method of administration：The wet cow dung of the Queensland nut kind plant hole every cave application abundant fermentation maturity of 8~10kg and
0.5~0.6kg compound fertilizer makees base fertilizer, and the every cave application 0.3~0.5kg compound fertilizer of watermelon seed plant hole and 0.14~0.16kg urea are made
Base fertilizer.It is sufficiently mixed uniformly after applying base fertilizer with soil.
(3) transplanting or sowing time：Queensland nut seedling is transplanted 2~June, in 1~2 month sowing watermelon.Queensland nut
Moisture is watered with after seedling replanting, water consumption is every plant of 4~6kg, and soil moisture content is 30%~40%.
(4) density is arranged：The density of Queensland nut is (4~5) m × (4.5~5) m, and the density of watermelon is (1.2~1.5)
M × (1.2~1.5) m.
(5) topdressing method：To Queensland nut kind plant hole, at the end of December to imposing flower and fruit protecting fertilizer, mid or late Febuary at the beginning of 1 month
Rush fertilizers for potted flowers is imposed, fertilizer is the wet cow dung of abundant fermentation maturity, and dosage is every plant of 4~6kg.Watermelon seed plant hole not top dressing.
(6) field management：Weeds are irregularly removed during April~July.Queensland nut root zone soil was watered with every 20 days or so
Earth moisture, every plant of 4~6kg of water consumption.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention include at least following aspects：
1, soil water evaporation is reduced after planting watermelon, reduces the demand of moisture.After Queensland nut interplants watermelon,
Earth's surface biological coverage rate increases, the native exposed rate in face reduces, and the evaporation for effectively weakening soil moisture is scattered and disappeared, and realizes the bigger water conservation of soil
Water storage function improves soil water content, greatly reduces the workload of artificial recharge, reduces the cost payouts such as labor service,
It is especially worthy of popularization in water-deficient area.
2, the activity for increasing root system of plant, improves soil enzyme activity.Since the density of watermelon is big compared with Queensland nut,
And watermelon belongs to Climbing Plant, thus plantation watermelon can increase the quantity and active level of root system of plant, be conducive to conditioned soil
Earth structure.This provides place and protection again for the activity of soil animal, generates facilitation to soil texture again in turn, because
This has preferably positive effect.
3, land revenue is improved, the ecological value is increased.By the Optimum utilization to soil space, soil is improved
Economic benefit；The inventive technique improves surface ground coverage, can reduce soil erosion and inhibits soil hardening, while playing increasing
The effect of fertilizer has the bigger ecological value.After the technology later period forms stable interspecies relation, it is possible to reduce dose and remove
Careless number realizes the target that investment reduces, the output value improves.
Specific embodiment
It is further specifically described below by example to of the invention.The thought or the simple of allied substances that the present invention designs are replaced
In generation, belongs to the scope of protection of the present invention.Involved ingredient or material in following methods are unless otherwise specified that commercial sources can
It obtains.In related experimental methods unless otherwise specified be the existing conventional method of the art.Numerical value or numerical value therein
Ratio refers both to mass figures or mass ratio such as without mark.
Embodiment 1
(1) after the weeds and undershrub of removing milpa, using cave-shaped site preparation, length and width, deep specification be respectively 25cm ×
25cm×35cm。
(2) base fertilizer method of administration：The every cave application 10kg's of Queensland nut kind plant hole sufficiently decomposed (fermentation 20 days or more) is wet
Cow dung and 0.5kg compound fertilizer make base fertilizer, and the every cave application 0.4kg compound fertilizer of watermelon seed plant hole and 0.15kg urea make base fertilizer.It applies
It is sufficiently mixed uniformly after base fertilizer with soil, prevents and treats root system or seed is directly contacted with fertilizer.
(3) transplanting or sowing time：Queensland nut seedling is transplanted in late May to early June, at the end of January to broadcasting at the beginning of 2 months
Kind watermelon seed.Moisture is watered with after Queensland nut cultivation, dosage is every plant of 5kg, and soil moisture content is 35% or so.
(4) density is arranged：The density of Queensland nut is 4.5m × 5m, and the density of watermelon is 1.3m × 1.5m.If microhabitat
The exposed rate of rock is higher, adjusts density according to the actual situation.
(5) topdressing method：To Queensland nut kind plant hole, flower and fruit protecting fertilizer is imposed at the end of December, late Febuary imposes rush flower
Fertilizer, fertilizer are the wet cow dung of abundant decomposed fermentation, and dosage is every plant of 5kg.Watermelon seed plant hole not top dressing is absorbed by watermelon root system
The nutrient of Queensland nut root region soil.
(6) field management：Weeds are irregularly removed during April~July, are cleared up using the method for artificial weeding.Often
Queensland nut root region soil moisture was watered with every 20 days or so, every plant of water consumption is 5kg, to be also adjusted depending on weather condition, is protected
It demonstrate,proves soil moisture content and is not less than 25%~30%.
The area of the present embodiment is 1 hectare, and survival rate is higher, and the rate of reseeding is only 2%, mainly has benefited from good liquid manure pipe
Reason.Macadamia is up to 1~1.2m after 1 year, and part branch starts fruiting, but trims to fruiting branch, does not harvest fruit
It is real；Queensland nut bearing tree is up to 8~10m, and every plant of fruit yield is up to 10~15kg.Sowing current year can harvest watermelon, and yield reaches
21000~22500kg of per hectare, since moisture is sufficient, the temperature difference is larger, watermelon sweet taste foot, by consumers.The project implementation
After 1 year, the soil weight is 0.9~1.0 gram/cm3, 20%~25% is reduced before relatively planting, reaches optimal level.
It is above specific application example of the invention, there are other embodiments of the invention, all to use equivalent replacement
Or the technical solution that equivalent transformation is formed, it all falls within protection scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of cultural method of Queensland nut interplanting watermelon, it is characterised in that：Site preparation requires：Cave-shaped site preparation, length and width, depth
Specification is respectively 20~30cm × 20~30cm × 30~40cm.
2. the cultural method of Queensland nut interplanting watermelon according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Queensland nut kind plant hole
It applies 8~10kg sufficiently decomposed wet cow dung and 0.5~0.6kg compound fertilizer and makees base fertilizer, the every cave application 0.3 of watermelon seed plant hole in every cave
~0.4kg compound fertilizer and 0.14~0.16kg urea make base fertilizer；It is sufficiently mixed uniformly after applying base fertilizer with soil.
3. the cultural method of Queensland nut interplanting watermelon according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Australia is transplanted 2~June
Continent nut seedling, in 1~2 month sowing watermelon；Moisture is watered with after Queensland nut seedling replanting, water consumption is every plant of 4~6kg, soil
Earth water content is 30%~40%.
4. the cultural method of Queensland nut interplanting watermelon according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The plantation of Queensland nut
Density is 4~5m × 4.5~5m, and the planting density of watermelon is 1.2~1.5m × 1.2~1.5m.
5. the cultural method of Queensland nut interplanting watermelon according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Queensland nut is planted
Cave, at the end of December to flower and fruit protecting fertilizer is imposed at the beginning of 1 month, mid or late Febuary imposes rush fertilizers for potted flowers, fertilizer is the wet ox of abundant fermentation maturity
Excrement, dosage are 4~6 kilograms every plant；Watermelon seed plant hole not top dressing.
6. the cultural method of Queensland nut interplanting watermelon according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：During April~July not
Periodically remove weeds；It was watered with Queensland nut root region soil moisture every 20 days or so, every plant 4~6 kilograms of water consumption.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811015075.1A CN108849211A (en) | 2018-08-31 | 2018-08-31 | A kind of cultural method of Queensland nut interplanting watermelon |
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| CN201811015075.1A CN108849211A (en) | 2018-08-31 | 2018-08-31 | A kind of cultural method of Queensland nut interplanting watermelon |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114600699A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-06-10 | 中国林业科学研究院高原林业研究所 | Method for improving utilization rate of macadamia nut forest soil |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103999724A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-08-27 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Yield-increasing cultivation method for macadimia nuts |
| CN106034645A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-10-26 | 来安县成心龙虾养殖专业合作社 | Interplanting method of amygdalus persica and citrullus lanatus |
-
2018
- 2018-08-31 CN CN201811015075.1A patent/CN108849211A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103999724A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-08-27 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Yield-increasing cultivation method for macadimia nuts |
| CN106034645A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-10-26 | 来安县成心龙虾养殖专业合作社 | Interplanting method of amygdalus persica and citrullus lanatus |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114600699A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-06-10 | 中国林业科学研究院高原林业研究所 | Method for improving utilization rate of macadamia nut forest soil |
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Application publication date: 20181123 |