KR20210116951A - Manufacturing method of solid medium for water culture using corn stalk and by-product of sugar cane stalk, and grow-bag comprising the solid medium - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a manufacturing method of a hydroponic cultivation solid medium using corn stalks and sugar cane stalk byproducts, and a grow-bag manufactured by the method. Through the method, it is possible to manufacture the hydroponic cultivation solid medium with an effect of promoting the growth of various plants through mixing corn stalks, sugar cane stalk byproducts, and various agricultural byproducts/waste and fermenting the same.

Description

Method for producing a solid medium for hydroponics using corn stalk and sugar cane stem meal, and grow-bag comprising the solid medium {Manufacturing method of solid medium for water culture using corn stalk and by-product of sugar cane stalk, and grow-bag comprising the solid medium}

The present invention relates to a method for producing a solid medium for hydroponics using cornstalk and sugarcane stem meal, and to a grow bag comprising the solid medium prepared by the method.

The method of cultivating crops is divided into open field cultivation and facility cultivation. Outdoor cultivation is a method of cultivating crops without any facilities in the existing soil. The crops receive direct sunlight to activate photosynthesis, so growth and grains are enriched. It has high resistance, but there is a problem in that it suffers a lot of damage due to sudden high temperature, low temperature, drought, strong wind, pest outbreak, etc.

Facility cultivation is a method that includes all types of cultivation methods that artificially control the recultivation environment to be suitable for crop growth. say The cultivation environment of facility cultivation can be divided into a biotic environment such as pests, diseases, weeds, etc. and an abiotic environment such as light, temperature, humidity, and nutrients. The cultivation area is increasing every year because it has the advantage of being able to raise the crop and receiving a high price because it can be produced year-round by adjusting the harvest season.

Hydroponics is a method of cultivating only with nutrient solution without soil among facility cultivation agriculture. Instead of receiving the water and nutrients necessary for crop growth into the soil, hydroponics dissolves nutrients in clean water in an appropriate ratio to make a culture solution and then absorbs them well. It is a method of cultivating plants while artificially controlling the environment of the underground and above-ground parts. Hydroponics has emerged as an alternative to conventional soil cultivation in response to food shortages due to population growth, a decrease in cultivated area, and an increase in demand for high-quality agricultural products. Due to the expansion of investment in the national budget to improve the agricultural structure, many developments are being made in the area of cultivation, diversification of crops, localization of nutrient solution cultivation system materials, and modernization of cultivation facilities. This hydroponics is also called soilless culture or nutrient culture because it is grown only with nutrient solution without soil. It is also called bed farming.

Hydroponics is a deep flow technique in which the entire root is immersed in a culture medium, and a thin film technique in which the culture solution is thinly flowed through the roots like a film. It is divided into aeroponics, which is grown by spraying the culture solution into the roots, and a solid medium, culture where plants are grown in a chemically inactivated medium.

Unlike the pure hydroponics method, the solid medium culture method allows easy ventilation in the medium, so the oxygen supply rate to the roots is high, and the amount of water supplied to the roots can be controlled. It has the advantage that there is no damage for a considerable period of time even if the pump is stopped due to the abundance of moisture in the medium.

Materials with excellent physicochemical properties are used for crop growth due to their low price and easy handling. Representative media include natural organic media using peat moss, sawdust, palm fiber, charcoal, etc. There are natural mineral media using rock wool, granular cotton, fillite, vermiculite, sand, and gravel, and artificial fiber media using polyester mat, polyurethane, and polyphenol fibers.

Currently, there are pearlite, rock wool, mixed media, etc. as media used for hydroponics worldwide, and among them, pearlite accounts for 32.4% and rock wool accounts for 43.7%. However, since most rock wool cultivation is carried out in a non-circulating system, the excess culture solution seeps into the soil and contaminates the soil and groundwater, and since the rock wool itself does not corrode, it causes environmental problems that become a second source of pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new environment-friendly medium in contrast to this.

In China, incineration of agricultural residues (corn stalks, sugar cane stalks, rice straw, straw, etc.) is prohibited, so a method for recycling them is urgently needed. Accordingly, while the present inventors were studying the recycling of cornstalks and sugarcane stemmeal, the cornstalks and sugarcane stemmeal were useful as a solid medium for hydroponics with excellent plant growth promoting efficacy while minimizing the amount of nutrient solution for hydroponics. The present invention was completed by confirming that it can be used.

Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-1286359 (Title of the invention: a solid carrier immobilized on a microbial group performing a parallel double mineralization reaction, a catalyst column, and a method for producing a solid medium for plant cultivation) Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-198563 (Title of the invention: Container for hydroponics of leafy vegetables and hydroponics method of leafy vegetables using the same) Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-1993-0017487 (Title of the invention: Rice husk bed manufacturing method) Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2016-0037300 (Title of the invention: mat-type wood solid medium for nutrient solution cultivation)

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a solid medium for hydroponics using cornstalks and sugarcane stem meal, and a grow bag comprising the solid medium prepared by the method.

The present invention provides a method for producing a solid medium for hydroponics using cornstalks and sugarcane stem meal.

Preferably, (first step) to prepare a raw material mixture by mixing corn stalk, sugar cane stem meal, rice straw, wheat straw, okara, rice makgeolli residue, chicken livestock meal and pig livestock meal, Bacillus subtilis bacteria And Aspergillus niger ( Aspergillus niger ) preparing a microbial dilution solution for fermentation by diluting the cells in water;

(Second step) obtaining a fermentation medium by adding a microbial dilution solution for fermentation to the raw material mixture so that the moisture content of the raw material mixture is 65 to 70 wt%; and,

(Third step) sterilizing the fermentation medium and aging the fermentation medium by placing it at 10 to 30° C. for 8 to 15 days.

The raw materials in the raw material mixture of the first step may be in a dried state.

The raw material mixture of the first step is based on 100 parts by weight of cornstalk, 50-200 parts by weight of sugarcane stem meal, 50-200 parts by weight of rice straw, 50-200 parts by weight of wheat straw, 5-20 parts by weight of okara, rice makgeolli residue 5-20 parts by weight, 5-20 parts by weight of chicken stock, and 5-20 parts by weight of pork stock may be included. Among them, cornstalk, sugarcane stem meal, rice straw, and wheat straw may be pulverized to have a particle size of 10 to 20 mm.

The microbial dilution solution for fermentation in the first step may be prepared by mixing 0.01 to 0.1 weight of each of the cells based on 100 parts by weight of water. As for the Bacillus subtilis cells, Bacillus acidopuluriticus, and Aspergillus niger cells, any that are sold for fermented food may be used. For these strains, live cells obtained by centrifugation of a culture medium cultured in a dedicated medium may be used, or a commercially available powdered spawning agent may be used.

Fermentation of the second step may be performed at 55 to 70° C. for 25 to 30 days. Various harmful bacteria including E. coli are eliminated through fermentation at 55 to 70° C. for 25 to 30 days in the second step, and eggs of nematodes are also killed, so that a solid medium most suitable for plant growth can be prepared.

The sterilization of the third step is preferably performed for 15 to 30 minutes at a pressure of 1.2 to 1.5 atmospheres and 120 to 130 ° C.

Through the three-step aging process, it is confirmed that each raw material component is well bound and the generation of contaminants does not appear, so that a solid medium for hydroponics can be finally obtained.

Accordingly, the present invention can provide a solid medium for hydroponics prepared by the above method, and a grow bag for plant cultivation containing the solid medium.

The nutrient solution for hydroponics that can be included in the grow bag for plant cultivation varies depending on the plant, but any nutrient solution for hydroponics for the plant commonly used may be used.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a solid medium for hydroponics for hydroponics using cornstalk and sugarcane stem meal, and a grow bag prepared by the method, and through the method, cornstalk and sugarcane stem meal, various agricultural by-products/wastes It is possible to produce a solid medium for hydroponic cultivation that has the effect of promoting the growth of various plants and a grow bag containing it through mixed fermentation of

Corn is cultivated all over the country centered on the northeast region of China, and sugar cane is an important plant mainly produced in the southern regions. Although these are discarded as food by-products, incineration of agricultural residues (corn stalks, rice straw, straw, etc.) is prohibited in China, so recycling methods are urgently needed. Since cornstalks and sugarcane stalks have their own hard and sparse fibrous structures, they are used for hydroponics using cornstalks and sugarcane stalks (sugar cane stem meal), which are by-products that are discarded when production is based in China, and various agricultural by-products/wastes. When preparing a solid medium and putting it in a grow bag to sow plant seeds or transplant seedlings, it is possible to facilitate the cultivation of various plants with only a small amount of nutrient solution for hydroponics.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein and may be embodied in other forms. Rather, it is provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the spirit of the invention to those skilled in the art.

<Example 1. Preparation of a grow bag using cornstalk and sugarcane stem meal>

Bacillus subtilis ( Bacillus subtilis ) Cells and Aspergillus niger ( Aspergillus niger ) were purchased from a food spawn vendor. Corn stalks, rice straw, and straw were obtained from farms growing corn, rice, and wheat, and sugar cane stem meal was obtained from China. Soybean okara and rice makgeolli residues were collected from tofu factories and rice makgeolli breweries, and chicken and pig livestock were supplied from chicken and pig farms. Corn stalks, sugar cane stem meal, rice straw, and wheat straw were used by pulverizing them into particles having a length of 1 to 2 cm in all directions. All raw materials were dried to a moisture content of 10 to 15% by weight.

A raw material mixture was prepared by mixing 100 g of corn stalk, 100 g of sugarcane stem meal, 100 g of rice straw, 100 g of wheat straw, 10 g of okara, 10 g of rice makgeolli residue, 10 g of chicken meat meal, and 10 g of pig meat meal.

Bacillus subtilis cells and Aspergillus niger cells were each mixed with 0.05 g per 100 g of water to prepare a microbial dilution.

A microbial dilution solution for fermentation was added to the raw material mixture so that the moisture content of the raw material mixture was 65 to 70 wt %, and then fermentation was performed at 55 to 70 ° C. for 25 to 30 days. At this time, the raw material for fermentation with a moisture content of 65% by weight was put into a fermenter having a hole for air circulation while having a lid, and the moisture content was maintained. Thereafter, the fermented product was taken out of the fermenter, sterilized at 1.5 atm, 121°C for 15 minutes, and aged at 25°C for 10 days. It was confirmed that each component mixed in the aging process was well bound, and the generation of contaminants did not appear, and finally, a solid medium for hydroponics was prepared. After that, the composition was put into a grow bag for plant cultivation, and a tube through which the nutrient solution could flow was inserted.

<Example 2. Preparation of a solid medium for hydroponic cultivation by medium component>

A solid medium for hydroponics was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, but the medium was prepared by varying the content of each raw material as shown in Table 1 below.

Cornstalk (g) Sugarcane Stem Meal (g) rice straw (g) straw (g) bean
okara (g) Rice makgeolli residue (g) chicken
livestock meal (g) pig
livestock meal (g) Total (g) Example 1 100 100 100 100 10 10 10 10 440 Example 2-1 100 200 50 50 20 10 5 5 440 Example 2-2 100 50 200 50 10 20 5 5 440 Example 2-3 100 50 50 200 5 5 20 10 440 Example 2-4 100 125 100 50 5 20 20 20 440

<Comparative Example 1. Preparation of a solid medium for hydroponic cultivation of comparative group a>

A medium for mushroom cultivation was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, but the medium was prepared by varying the content of each raw material as shown in Table 2 below.

Cornstalk (g) Sugarcane Stem Meal (g) rice straw (g) straw (g) bean
okara (g) Rice makgeolli residue (g) chicken
livestock meal (g) pig
livestock meal (g) Total (g) Comparative Example 1-1 30 250 30 30 25 25 25 25 440 Comparative Example 1-2 200 200 0 0 20 0 20 0 440 Comparative Example 1-3 0 100 200 100 10 10 10 10 440 Comparative Example 1-4 400 0 0 0 10 10 10 10 440 Comparative Example 1-5 0 0 200 200 0 20 0 20 440

<Comparative Example 2. Preparation of solid medium for hydroponic cultivation of comparative group b>

Comparative Example 2-1

A solid medium for hydroponics was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the fermentation process was omitted and only water was treated, and the water content was immediately sterilized to 65% by weight to prepare a solid medium.

Comparative Example 2-2

A solid medium for hydroponics was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, but only Bacillus subtilis was used as the fermenter. (The weight of the microbial cells is the same, hereinafter the same)

Comparative Example 2-3

A solid medium for hydroponics was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, but Aspergillus oryzae was used as the fermenter.

Comparative Example 2-4

A solid medium for hydroponics was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, but only Aspergillus niger was used as the fermenter.

Comparative Example 2-5

A solid medium for hydroponics was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, but instead of cornstalk, sugarcane stem meal, rice straw, and straw, Empty Fruit Bunch (a by-product containing cellulose as a main component generated as a by-product of the palm oil extraction process); and coco peat in a weight ratio of 1:1 was used in the same amount as the mixed weight of corn stalk, sugar cane stem meal, rice straw, and wheat straw.

<Experimental Example 1. Confirmation of the effect of promoting growth of each plant>

Buy or grow seedlings of lettuce, tomato, cucumber and pepper, strawberry, cucumber, angelfish, kale, and eggplant, and put the grow bag in a commercially available solid medium, Examples 1, 2, Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2 The weight of each plant was measured by converting the weight of each plant into a grow bag containing a commercially available solid medium to 100% after transplanting it into a grow bag and growing it for 1 month. This experiment was conducted individually according to the best time and temperature for each plant to grow, and the data collected for a total of one year was recorded as follows. For each nutrient solution used at this time, the nutrient solution recommended by the National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science for each plant was used.

Badge type Total weight gain (%) after 1 month growth of each plant seedling Lettuce tomato cucumber and pepper Strawberry cucumber donkey Kale egg plant commercial badge 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Example 1 131.7 132.5 131.8 134.8 131.9 137.8 135.2 139.8 Example 2-1 133.3 136.2 139.4 138.3 137.4 135.1 137.2 135.2 Example 2-2 131.3 134.3 138.2 135.1 135.2 136.4 126.3 128.3 Example 2-3 133.2 134.2 125.3 134.3 134.3 124.2 126.5 152.2 Example 2-4 135.2 126.4 136.1 136.5 132.5 135.3 135.6 173.3 Comparative Example 1-1 98.5 97.6 97.0 98.3 98.3 94.9 95.5 98.0 Comparative Example 1-2 108.2 98.4 105.7 95.8 104.3 106.5 104.2 96.3 Comparative Example 1-3 109.5 106.9 97.7 96.0 105.4 104.3 106.6 104.0 Comparative Example 1-4 115.7 114.8 112.9 114.0 114.1 105.2 115.5 111.2 Comparative Example 1-5 112.5 115.8 113.8 115.5 112.4 110.5 112.2 115.4 Comparative Example 2-1 112.7 155.7 99.8 110.8 109.8 108.9 108.9 109.2 Comparative Example 2-2 114.8 102.3 104.5 108.0 117.3 119.7 109.8 115.3 Comparative Example 2-3 111.9 111.9 116.8 103.2 109.8 107.8 118.4 106.4 Comparative Example 2-4 112.0 118.8 105.5 119.8 117.4 108.9 109.5 104.1 Comparative Example 2-5 113.7 115.6 106.3 107.8 108.9 117.7 108.2 108.2

In addition, when the growth amount of the commercial medium in Table 3 in which 100% of the nutrient solution was supplied was 100%, the total volume of each nutrient solution was reduced by 60% and the total weight increase rate was confirmed during one month of growth of the plant seedlings.

Badge type When the total volume of nutrient solution is reduced to 60% during one month growth of each plant seedling
Total plant weight gain (%) Lettuce tomato cucumber and pepper Strawberry cucumber donkey Kale egg plant of table 3
commercial badge
(Nurture solution 100%) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 of table 3
commercial badge
(Nurture solution 60%) 51.2 52.1 51.3 54.2 48.9 51.2 52.1 49.3 (all below
Nutrient 60%) Example 1 129.5 128.7 130.1 129.5 131.3 130.1 128.7 129.3 Example 2-1 122.1 131.8 122.4 132.7 131.9 123.2 132.4 122.6 Example 2-2 122.2 124.6 133.5 124.8 132.7 122.4 133.3 123.2 Example 2-3 123.8 123.4 122.2 122.9 124.5 131.1 131.2 121.5 Example 2-4 121.5 122.2 131.2 122.4 130.0 132.6 124.8 120.6 Comparative Example 1-1 64.8 64.8 62.5 58.7 59.4 58.1 58.5 64.3 Comparative Example 1-2 64.9 65.9 64.3 57.8 65.7 64.3 65.8 65.4 Comparative Example 1-3 65.7 66.4 59.2 65.9 66.3 65.5 64.2 66.2 Comparative Example 1-4 66.0 65.5 61.1 66.5 57.6 57.0 59.6 59.8 Comparative Example 1-5 65.9 61.2 62.4 63.6 58.9 59.5 57.8 58.9 Comparative Example 2-1 83.5 79.3 78.7 84.0 86.5 78.7 84.7 82.5 Comparative Example 2-2 82.4 77.1 84.8 81.7 85.1 85.9 85.9 76.6 Comparative Example 2-3 84.6 79.2 76.9 83.4 83.3 76.7 76.8 84.5 Comparative Example 2-4 84.1 77.3 84.6 82.1 84.5 84.8 84.6 85.6 Comparative Example 2-5 82.2 78.1 84.3 83.3 80.7 81.0 85.4 86.3

As a result, when referring to the results in Table 3, the total weight of each plant grown in the solid medium of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 compared to the commercially available solid medium did not differ significantly or even increased, but was less than 20%, Example 1 And plants grown in the medium of 2 were confirmed to grow more than 30%, confirming excellence as a medium for plant cultivation.

In addition, referring to the results in Table 4, when the total amount of nutrient solution was reduced to 60%, the degree of plant growth in the solid medium of the comparative condition was lower than that when the nutrient solution was 100%, but the medium of Examples 1 and 2 was used for plant growth. You can see that there is no problem.

Claims (6)

(Step 1) A raw material mixture is prepared by mixing corn stalk, sugarcane stem meal, rice straw, wheat straw, okara, rice makgeolli residue, chicken stock and pig stock, Bacillus subtilis bacteria and Aspergillus Niger ( Aspergillus niger ) preparing a microbial dilution solution for fermentation by diluting the cells in water;
(Second step) to obtain a fermentation medium by adding a microbial dilution solution for fermentation to the raw material mixture so that the moisture content of the raw material mixture is 65 to 70 wt%; and,
(Third step) A method for producing a solid medium for hydroponics using cornstalks and sugar cane stem meal, comprising the step of sterilizing the fermentation medium and leaving it to ripen for 8 to 15 days at 10 to 30°C. According to claim 1,
Preparation of a solid medium for hydroponics using cornstalk and sugarcane stem meal, characterized in that the cornstalk, sugarcane stem meal, rice straw, and wheat straw in the first step are pulverized products having a particle size of 10 to 20 mm Way. According to claim 1,
The method for producing a solid medium for hydroponics using cornstalk and sugarcane stem meal, characterized in that the fermentation of the second step is carried out at 55-70° C. for 25-30 days. According to claim 1,
The sterilization of the third step is a method for producing a solid medium for hydroponics using cornstalks and sugar cane stem meal, characterized in that it is performed at 1.2 to 1.5 atmospheres and 120 to 130° C. for 15 to 30 minutes. A solid medium for hydroponics, characterized in that prepared by the method of claim 1. A grow bag for plant cultivation containing the solid medium of claim 5 .