JP6324042B2 - Mycelium fertilizer and its production method - Google Patents

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a mycelium fertilizer obtained by culturing and fermenting mycelium predominantly heat-resistant actinomycetes and heat-resistant bacteria in a porous carrier, and a method for producing the same. The present invention relates to a mycelium fertilizer that can further improve growth, quality, shelf life, and the like, and a method for producing the same.

Microbial microorganisms in the soil have decreased due to the spread of herbicides, fungicides, etc. to agricultural crops that have been used in the past, and the use of chemical fertilizers. As a result, there is a problem of reduced geopower, weakening of various crops, or environmental pollution. However, in recent years it has been strongly emphasized.
As measures against this, movements to activate soil effective microorganisms using organic fertilizers such as compost are being carried out in various places.

  However, these conventional organic fertilizers using effective microorganisms in the soil are obtained by previously mixing a culture obtained by inoculating a strain such as a Bacillus layer or actinomycetes with a carrier. In order to obtain a solution, a strain of a specific microorganism must be covered by distribution from a storage organization or the like, which has been associated with production cost or the complexity of obtaining a culture in advance.

Thus, the present inventor has already disclosed in Patent Document 1 an excellent “mycelium fertilizer” that eliminates these drawbacks.
The technique described in Patent Document 1 is a mycelium composed of heat-resistant actinomycetes, and the mycelium is produced by supporting this mycelium on a porous carrier having a pH of 7.5 to 9.5. In this method, 70 to 80 parts by weight of a porous carrier having a pH of 7.5 to 9.5 and a particle size of 6 to 30 mesh is used, and an organic substance having a carbon content of 15% or less and a water content of 25 to 60% is added to the carrier. Kneading using 30 parts by weight, allowing this kneaded material to stand and ferment in an atmosphere where the system temperature can be maintained at 15 ° C or higher, and fermenting at least 5 days while maintaining this fermentation temperature at 55 to 80 ° C by aeration. This was a method for producing mycelium fertilizer.

Furthermore, the present inventor discloses a mycelium fertilizer that is more excellent in productivity than the mycelium fertilizer described in Patent Document 1 in Patent Document 2.
The technique described in Patent Document 2 is a mycelium composed of heat-resistant actinomycetes, and this mycelium is prepared by adding 50 to 78 parts by weight of a porous carrier having a particle size of 6 to 30 mesh and having a pH adjusted to 7.5 to 9.5. Using this carrier, 20 to 30 parts by weight of organic matter having a carbon content of 15% or less and a water content of 25 to 60% and a purified wood vinegar solution 2 obtained by separating tar and resin components from a crude wood vinegar obtained by dry distillation of wood Kneading using ~ 20 parts by weight, this kneaded product is allowed to stand in an atmosphere where the system temperature can be maintained at 15 ° C. or higher, and the mycelium predominantly heat-resistant actinomycetes is cultured and fermented. It was a method for producing a mycelium fertilizer characterized by performing fermentation with heat-resistant actinomycetes for at least 2 days while maintaining the temperature at 55 to 80 ° C. by aeration.

  These already disclosed techniques of the inventor are mycelium fertilizers that are excellent in process, but soil improvers, fertilizers, etc. that contribute to the growth of soil and plants that are extremely excellent in productivity and are not harmful. Creation of improved technology is desired.

JP-A-1-264987 Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-47516

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, and is capable of improving the yield, growth, quality and shelf life of crops and plants such as vegetables and fruits. And a manufacturing method thereof.

The invention according to claim 1 is a mycelium fertilizer obtained by culturing and fermenting mycelium in a porous carrier having a pH of 7.5 to 9.5, wherein the mycelium is heat resistant to 1 g of the mycelium fertilizer. Allied actinomycetes and thermostable bacteria in total of 1.0 × 10 ⁶ / g or more, including leeks (Allium fistulosum) and garlic (Allium sativum), broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Italica) The present invention also relates to a mycelium fertilizer to be applied to the cultivation of Brassicaceae (Brassica rapa var. Chinensis) or Solanum lycopersicum var. Cerasiforme .

The invention according to claim 2 uses 50 to 78 parts by weight of a porous carrier having a particle size of 6 to 30 mesh adjusted to pH 7.5 to 9.5, and the carrier has a carbon content of 15% or less and a water content of 25. Mycelium that predominates heat-resistant actinomycetes and heat-resistant bacteria by kneading ˜60% organic matter using 20-30 parts by weight and leaving this kneaded product in an atmosphere that can maintain the system temperature at 15 ° C. or higher. Culturing and fermenting, and producing the mycelium fertilizer for fermentation with heat-resistant actinomycetes and heat-resistant bacteria for at least 2 days while maintaining the fermentation temperature at 55 to 80 ° C. by aeration. Liliaceae (Brassica oleracea), including leeks (Allium fistulosum) and garlic (Allium sativum) var. italica) and a cruciferous family including Chingensai (Brassica rapa var. chinensis) or a method for producing a mycelium fertilizer applied to the cultivation of Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme .

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the mycelium is obtained by culturing and fermenting mycelium in a porous carrier having a pH of 7.5 to 9.5, and the mycelium is added to 1 g of the mycelium fertilizer. On the other hand, by containing a total of 1.0 × 10 ⁶ / g or more of heat-resistant actinomycetes and heat-resistant bacteria, minerals and phosphoric acid in the soil can be easily absorbed into the plant body, and the amount of these absorptions is improved. be able to. Thereby, the yield, growth, quality and shelf life of the plant can be further improved.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, 50 to 78 parts by weight of a porous carrier having a particle size of 6 to 30 mesh having a pH adjusted to 7.5 to 9.5 is used, and the carrier has a carbon content of 15% or less and a water content. Is kneaded using 20 to 30 parts by weight of organic matter of 25 to 60%, and this kneaded product is allowed to stand in an atmosphere in which the system temperature can be maintained at 15 ° C. or higher to make heat-resistant actinomycetes and heat-resistant bacteria dominant. In the production method in which the mycelium is cultured and fermented, and fermentation is performed with heat-resistant actinomycetes and heat-resistant bacteria for at least 2 days while maintaining the culture and fermentation temperature at 55 to 80 ° C. by aeration, the organic matter does not contain an antibacterial substance. Thus, a mycelium fertilizer containing 10 colonies or more in total of heat-resistant actinomycetes and heat-resistant bacteria can be produced per 1 g of mycelium fertilizer. Thereby, the mineral in a soil and phosphoric acid can be made easy to absorb into a plant body, and these absorption amounts can be improved. Thereby, the yield, growth, quality and shelf life of the plant can be further improved.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the mycelium fertilizer and the production method thereof according to the present invention will be described.

The mycelium fertilizer according to the present invention is obtained by culturing and fermenting mycelium in a porous carrier having a pH of 7.5 to 9.5. The mycelium contains heat-resistant actinomycetes and heat-resistant bacteria for 1 g of mycelium fertilizer. A total of 1.0 × 10 ⁶ / g or more is included.

The heat-resistant actinomycetes in the present invention are particularly heat-resistant actinomycetes that can grow at a high temperature of 55 to 80 ° C., such as spiral fungi, and Thermoactinomyces spp. Can be preferably used. Among these, for example, Thermoactinomyces vulgaris, Thermoactinomyces spora actinobifida (white) and the like can be preferably used.
In the present invention, the reason for using the above heat-resistant actinomycetes is that, as disclosed by the inventor in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-264987, the heat-resistant actinomycetes have very few harmful bacteria that have harmful effects on plants, Plant growth hormone, various vitamins contained in metabolites of heat-resistant actinomycetes, and degradation products of heat-resistant actinomycetes themselves are effective in the soil as a nitrogen supply source or nutrient source for crop growth This is because it contributes.

The heat-resistant bacterium in the present invention refers to a bacterium that can grow at a high temperature of 55 to 80 ° C., and Bacillus subtilis and the like can be preferably used.
In the present invention, the reason why the thermostable bacterium is used is that the thermostable bacterium has an ability of decomposing humic plants (organic matter) such as residual roots of crops and has an effect of inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria. It is.

  The heat-resistant actinomycetes and heat-resistant bacteria used in the present invention are preferably heat-resistant actinomycetes and heat-resistant bacteria that grow in a temperature range of 55 to 80 ° C., preferably 60 to 75 ° C. When the growth temperature is less than 55 ° C., various bacteria such as filamentous fungi grow, and when it exceeds 80 ° C., the activity of the heat-resistant actinomycetes declines and the growth stops.

When the mycelium contains a total of 1.0 × 10 ⁶ / g or more of the above heat-resistant actinomycetes and heat-resistant bacteria with respect to 1 g of mycelium fertilizer, phosphorus (P), potassium (K) contained in the soil, Absorption of minerals such as calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) and phosphoric acid into the plant can be improved. Thereby, the sweetness of a fruit increases and the shelf life of a fruit can be improved. Furthermore, the growth of plants can be improved, and the yield and quality of vegetables and fruits can be improved.

The porous carrier is adjusted to a pH of 7.5 to 9.5, preferably 8 to 9 in order to effectively grow thermotolerant actinomycetes and thermotolerant bacteria.
By adjusting the pH of the porous carrier to 7.5 to 9.5, growth of fungi such as filamentous fungi can be prevented and heat-resistant actinomycetes and heat-resistant bacteria in the mycelium fertilizer can be maintained at a certain amount. It becomes.

The reason for limiting the carrier to a porous carrier in the present invention is to retain water and air, which are essential components for growth of heat-resistant actinomycetes, during storage of mycelium fertilizer or during soil application.
As a specific example of such a porous carrier, any organic or inorganic porous carrier can be used as long as the pH can be maintained at 7.5 to 9.5. Examples of porous carriers that can be used in the present invention include foams such as charcoal, activated carbon, coal, coke, activated coke, peat, vermiculite, perlite, bentonite, and foamable urethane, and other inorganic, organic, and synthetic resins. it can.

The mycelium according to the present invention is preferably one in which heat-resistant actinomycetes and heat-resistant bacteria occupy 10% or more of the microbial community in the mycelium, but at least 50% or more of the microbial community is heat-resistant actinomycetes and heat-resistant bacteria. Mycelium that is is more desirable.
The reason is that in the case of heat-resistant actinomycetes and heat-resistant bacteria of less than 50%, the growth of harmful bacteria or filamentous fungi may occur after soil application, and at least in the mycelium This is because when the concentration of microorganisms of 50% or more is heat-resistant actinomycetes and heat-resistant bacteria, preferential breeding of heat-resistant actinomycetes and heat-resistant bacteria can be secured after soil application, and the intended purpose of the present invention can be achieved. .

  Next, the suitable manufacturing method of the mycelium fertilizer which concerns on this invention is explained in full detail.

  First, a porous carrier having a pH of 7.5 to 9.5 and a particle size of 6 to 30 mesh is kneaded with 20 to 30 parts by weight of an organic substance having a carbon content of 15% or less and a water content of 25 to 30 parts by weight.

As described above, the porous carrier has a pH range limited to 7.5 to 9.5 in order to secure a suitable growth pH range for heat-resistant actinomycetes and heat-resistant bacteria during the production and storage of mycelium fertilizer. To do. By limiting the pH range of the porous carrier, there is also an effect of inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria such as filamentous fungi that are difficult to grow under alkaline conditions.
This porous carrier needs to have a particle size of 6 to 30 mesh. The reason is that in the case of a fine porous carrier exceeding 30 mesh during the late fermentation, it is difficult to maintain the fermentation temperature at 40 ° C. or higher, and sufficient growth of heat-resistant actinomycetes and heat-resistant bacteria cannot be expected. On the other hand, a porous carrier having a large particle size of less than 6 mesh is not desirable because of the complexity of handling during production.

In the present invention, the porous carrier is kneaded with 20 to 30 parts by weight of an organic substance having a carbon content of 15% or less and a water content of 25 to 60% according to the technique disclosed in JP-A-1-264987. The reason for limiting the carbon content to an organic substance with a carbon content of 15% or less is that in the case of an organic substance with a carbon content of more than 15%, the content of fibrous cellulose is increased, resulting in an increase in the amount of cellulase, and cellulase in actinomycetes. This is due to the inventor's experimental knowledge that the growth of the plant becomes dominant and the intended purpose of the present invention cannot be achieved. The reason why the moisture content of the organic substance is limited to 25 to 60% is that the moisture in the fermentation system of the kneaded product is supplied only from the organic substance and the moisture in the fermentation system is 25 to 60%, preferably 30 to 40%. This is because a sufficient fermentation temperature for heat-resistant actinomycetes cannot be obtained. On the contrary, when the water content exceeds 60% or less than 25% in the fermented product system, it is not preferable because sufficient fermentation conditions for fermenting heat-resistant actinomycetes cannot be obtained.
Furthermore, the reason for using 20 to 30 parts by weight of organic matter is that when the amount is less than 20 parts by weight, the amount of organic matter is too small and the growth of mycelium on each carrier is small, and the hyphae are uniformly dispersed on each porous carrier. If the body does not adhere and, on the contrary, it is blended in excess of 30 parts by weight, the blending balance of the mycelium and the porous carrier is lost, the mycelium becomes excessive, or the undecomposed rate of organic matter increases. This is also not preferable.

In the present invention, organic substances that do not contain an antibacterial substance are used. As the organic matter, chicken droppings and the like can be used. At this time, chicken droppings fed with a feed containing no antibacterial substance is used. In general, antibacterial substances include antibiotics and synthetic antibacterial agents. Examples of antibiotics include aminoglycosides, cefims, tetracyclines, penicillins, and macrolides. Antibacterial substances include quinolones and sulfones. Amide-based, thiamphenicol-based, and fluoroquinolone-based are included, but the feed given to chickens in the present invention does not contain these antibacterial substances.
By using chicken dung fed with feed that does not contain antibacterial substances such as antibiotics and synthetic antibacterial agents, the growth of heat-resistant bacteria in addition to heat-resistant actinomycetes is promoted, and mycelium is 1 g of mycelium fertilizer. In contrast, a mycelium fertilizer containing a total of 1.0 × 10 ⁶ / g or more of heat-resistant actinomycetes and heat-resistant bacteria can be produced.
Examples of the chicken name of chicken dung used in the present invention include Boris Brown (aka Akadama chicken, scientific name Gallus gallus domesticus), but are not limited thereto, and any chicken for livestock may be used. Examples of feeds to be fed to chickens (feeds that do not contain antibacterial substances) include 50 to 60% cereals, 10 to 20% vegetable oil meal, 5 to 10% animal feeds, and mixed feeds made from algae. For example, Eten 17 (Nisshin Marubeni Feed) can be mentioned.

Next, the kneaded product is allowed to stand in an atmosphere where the system temperature can be maintained at 15 ° C. or higher.
The reason for this is to maintain the uniformity of the fermentation by shielding the system internal temperature and the outside air temperature and maintaining a constant heat retention state. When this temperature is 15 degrees C or less, fermentation temperature does not fully rise and is unpreferable.

After keeping the system temperature constant and shutting off from the outside air temperature, the temperature of the fermented product system is maintained at 55 to 80 ° C, preferably 60 to 70 ° C.
When the fermentation temperature is 55 ° C or lower, the air maintained at 15 ° C or higher in the system is fed through a pipe or pump attached from the bottom of the fermentation tank for a certain period of time (aeration) in order to promote fermentation. Although the fermentation temperature is maintained at 55 to 80 ° C., the cellulose content is limited to using an organic substance having a carbon content of 15% or less, and the water content in which a large amount of the porous carrier is mixed is limited. It is practically impossible for the fermentation temperature to rise above 80 ° C.

A mycelium fertilizer is produced by culturing and fermenting heat-resistant actinomycetes and heat-resistant bacteria in a porous carrier having a pH of 7.5 to 9.5 by fermentation in this state for at least 2 days. .
In the present invention, the fermentation period is at least 2 days, preferably 5 days.
The reason for maintaining the fermentation temperature at 55 to 80 ° C. is that when the temperature is less than 55 ° C., heat-resistant actinomycetes and heat-resistant bacteria cannot be obtained at a concentration rate of mycelium as the intended purpose, and conversely, the temperature exceeds 80 ° C. This is because anaerobic bacteria grow in some cases, which is undesirable in any case.

In the present invention, as described above, 20 to 30 parts by weight of an organic substance having a carbon content of 15% or less is used, the moisture content of the organic substance is limited to 25 to 60%, and a porous carrier is used in an amount of 50 to 78 parts by weight. And by making a particle size 6-30 mesh, fermentation temperature does not become 80 degreeC or more.
Therefore, the fermentation temperature does not increase to 80 ° C. or higher even without a so-called reversing step in which the fermentation temperature is lowered by applying water in the normal fermentation process to the fermentation product.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although the test of an Example and a comparative example is given and this invention is demonstrated in more detail, this invention is not limited to these.

<Example 1>
(Preparation of mycelium fertilizer)
As a porous carrier, 60 parts by weight of coconut husk charcoal having a pH of 8.2, a particle size of 25 mesh pass, and an internal surface area of 200 m ² / g was used.
To this porous carrier, 25 parts by weight of chicken manure having a pH of 8.8, a water content of 32.9%, and a carbon content of 9.6% was kneaded. In addition, this chicken manure uses feces of Boris Brown (scientific name: Gallus Gallus domesticus) Group 1, Group 2 and Group 3 (100 birds each), and this Boris Brown is a feed containing no antibacterial substance, specifically Was fed with the feed shown in Table 1 below.
The temperature during fermentation of this kneaded product is measured, and when the temperature starts to rise and the temperature during fermentation of the kneaded product is 55 ° C. or less, the air in the system is directly supplied to the fermented product by a pump, and is started up. At times, the temperature was increased at once, and the temperature was kept constant at other times. This fermentation was carried out for 3 days. Thereby, the mycelium fertilizer of Example 1 (1st group, 2nd group, 3rd group) was prepared.
In addition, the temperature in a fermented product system did not rise to 80 degreeC or more through a fermentation process.

<Comparative Example 1>
The mycelium fertilizer was prepared under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that a feed containing 0.6 g / kg of an antibacterial substance such as bicozamycin was used as the feed to be fed to the fourth group chickens.

(Composition analysis)
After this fermentation was stopped, mycelium fertilizer was compositionally analyzed to find pH 8.9, nitrogen total 1.65%, phosphoric acid 1.18% and potassium 1.08%.

(Identification of fungi in mycelium fertilizer)
In order to determine the bacteria in the mycelium, Petri dishes 1 to 4 having a diameter of 9 cm and a depth of 1.5 cm were used and filled with a medium composed of agar and distilled water. The first group and the second group of Example 1 The mycelium particles of the third group are inoculated at 20 equal intervals to the Petri dishes 1 to 3, respectively, and the mycelium particles of Comparative Example 1 (Group 4) are inoculated at 20 equal intervals to the Petri dishes 4 did.
After this petri dish was cultured at 30 ° C. for 14 days, the numbers of heat-resistant actinomycetes and heat-resistant bacteria were measured. The number of thermostable bacteria was measured by the standard agar plate culture method, and the number of thermostable actinomycetes was measured by the albumin agar plate culture method. In this cultivation, the medium was sterilized in advance by autoclaving at 120 ° C. and 1 atm for 20 minutes.
As a result, in the first group Petri dish 1 containing the mycelium particles of Example 1, the heat-resistant actinomycetes are 1.0 × 10 ⁸ / g and the number of heat-resistant bacteria is 8.8 with respect to 1 g of the sample particles. × a ¹⁰ 8 / g, in the second group petri dish 2, the number of bacteria thermostable actinomycetes 2.6 × ¹⁰ 6 / g, the number of bacteria resistant bacteria in 1.6 × ¹⁰ 5 / g Yes, in the third group Petri dish 3, the number of heat-resistant actinomycetes was 1.9 × 10 ⁷ / g, and the number of heat-resistant bacteria was 3.3 × 10 ⁶ / g.
On the other hand, the 4th group Petri dish 4 containing the mycelium grain of the comparative example 1 has 1.0 × 10 ⁴ / g or less of heat-resistant actinomycetes per 1 g of the sample grain, and the number of heat-resistant bacteria is It was 1.0 × 10 ¹ or less.
Of the mycelium fertilizers of groups 1 to 3 of Example 1, as a heat-resistant actinomycete, a spiral fungus is dominant, and a genus Bacillus subtilis was found as a heat-resistant bacterium.
In addition, filamentous fungi also existed in the Petri dishes 1 to 4 (groups 1 to 4), and the genus Cladosporium, Penicillium, and Nigrospora were found in these filamentous fungi.
Among these filamentous fungi, those of the genus Cladosporium and the genus Penicillium are also seen from the Petri dish made only of coconut husk activated carbon particles used as a comparative example. The microbial community of the mycelium fertilizer of the first to third group mycelium fertilizer of Example 1 was dominated by heat-resistant actinomycetes and heat-resistant bacteria.
Next, an application example using the mycelium fertilizer of the first group of Example 1 and the mycelium fertilizer of Comparative Example 1 (Group 4) as a control group will be described.

<Application Example 1: Effect confirmation test for cherry tomato>
(1. Purpose)
The effect of the mycelium fertilizer of Example 1 (Group 1) on the growth, yield and quality of cherry tomatoes was evaluated.

(2. Test method)
1. Test place: Pipe house in vegetable flower test place (EC 1.047mS / cm, pH 6.23)
2. Test items: cherry tomato “Chika” (Takii seedling)
3. Composition of test group: (1) 3% of the first group mycelium fertilizer of Example 1 was mixed with the culture medium volume at the time of potting to 10.5 cm (450 ml) and 12 cm (650 ml) pots, (2) 3. 5% of the first group mycelium fertilizer of Example 1 was mixed, (3) 3% of the mycelium fertilizer of Comparative Example 1 (Group 4) was mixed, 1 strain, 5 strains, 4 round trips. Survey item and survey method-Yield survey: Harvested from July 20th to August 24th, 2012, and the number and weight of fruits were examined according to the standard according to standard shipping standards such as Nagano Prefecture fruits and vegetables. Species of 8 g or less, and bad fruits such as ripe fruits and buttocks rot were excluded from the standard.
Growth investigation: Plant height, stem diameter, and ground weight were examined for each strain from August 27 to 28, 2012 at the end of harvest, and underground weight was examined on September 6, 2012.
-Quality survey: Fruit weight was examined every harvest day, and sugar content was selected from among the good-selling fruits, and measured with a digital sugar content meter (Atago) (n = 20).
・ Survivability: Average good days until spoilage, select moderate good fruits from July 27 to August 17, 2012 and store at room temperature (maximum temperature 28 ° C, minimum temperature 13 ° C) (N = 108 to 111).

(3. Overview of cultivation)
April 12, 2012 sowing, April 26 10.5 cm pot pot transplantation (Krasmann's medium), May 31 fixed planting. The house was made of rainproof props, with a ridge width of 150 cm and an inter-strain of 40 cm (1667 strain / 10a). Mushikon black mulch was used and watered only at the time of planting. The amount of fertilizer applied was 1.5 kg of nitrogen, 1.5 kg of phosphoric acid, and 1.2 kg of potassium as basic fertilizer per a. Since the EC of the soil was high, no additional fertilization and irrigation were performed during growth. No fruiting hormone treatment was performed, and the top three leaves were left at the time of flowering of the eighth stage inflorescence. Other cultivation management was based on local practices.

(4. Results)
The yield of the Example 1 (first group) treatment group was 107% and 111% of the sales amount in the order of the 3% and 5% planting treatment in comparison with the Comparative Example 1 (fourth group) treatment group. The numbers were 108% and 107%, which was superior to the treatment group of Comparative Example 1 (Group 4). Therefore, it turns out that the yield of cherry tomato can be improved by using the mycelium fertilizer of Example 1 (1st group).
The growth of Example 1 (Group 1) treated plots was compared with Comparative Example 1 (Group 4) treated plots in the order of 3% and 5% planting holes, plant heights of 105% and 100%, and the stem diameter of the stem 104% and 102%, the above-ground weight was 99% and 105%, and the underground weight was 109% and 108%, which was superior to the treatment example of Comparative Example 1 (Group 4). Therefore, it turns out that the growth of cherry tomato can be improved by using the mycelium fertilizer of Example 1 (1st group). In particular, it is particularly preferable that the value of the underground weight is large because nutrients are easily absorbed into the plant body. This is thought to be due to an increase in the amount of mineral absorption into the plant body.
The shelf life of the treatment group in Example 1 (first group) is 21.7 days for the planting treatment 32.7% and 22% for the planting treatment 5% compared to 20.7 days for the comparison example 1 (fourth group) treatment group. It was 5 days, and 3% and 5% of the hole-planting treatment of Example 1 (first group) was superior to the treatment group of Comparative Example 1 (fourth group). Therefore, it turns out that the shelf life of cherry tomatoes can be improved by using the mycelium fertilizer of Example 1 (1st group). This is thought to be due to an increase in excess nitrogen proteinization in addition to an increase in the amount of mineral absorption into the plant body.

<Application Example 2: Leek growth test>
(1. Purpose)
The effect of the mycelium fertilizer of Example 1 (Group 1) on the growth, yield and quality of leeks was evaluated.

(2. Test method)
1. Test place: Hokuriku region N producers 2. Test item: Summer fan power Soil quality: sandy soil Date: June 14, 2011, planting, November 19, 2012 harvest and survey amount to use:
(1) Example 1 (first group) treatment section: 250 L / 10a planting groove application (before planting)
(2) Comparative example 1 (fourth group) treatment section: 250L / 10a planting groove application (before planting)
6). Investigation: In each ward, 20 samples were continuously extracted from a point 7 m from the wharf and measured for soft white diameter and weight.

As shown in Table 4 and Table 5 , both the soft white diameter and the weight were significantly superior in Example 1 as compared with Comparative Example 1. This is thought to be due to an increase in the amount of phosphoric acid absorbed into the plant for an increase in weight, and an increase in the amount of minerals such as K, Ca, and Mg in the plant for an increase in soft white diameter.

In addition to Application Example 2, a leek growth test was conducted at the locations and methods shown in Table 6 below. Similar to the above results, both the soft white diameter and the weight were significantly superior in Example 1 as compared to Comparative Example 1.

<Application example 3: Growth test of garlic>
(1. Purpose)
The effect of the mycelium fertilizer of Example 1 (Group 1) on the growth, yield and quality of garlic was evaluated.

(2. Test method)
1. Test place: Chubu region T producer Variety: White six pieces Date and time: Seeding in early October 2011 (use of M species) June 12, 2012 Harvest and survey amount to use:
(1) Example 1 (first group) treatment section: 250 L / 10a / salted application (2) Comparative example 1 (fourth group) process group: 250 L / 10a / salted application Investigation: In each ward, 10 strains were continuously taken from a point 5 m from the wharf, and the diameter (maximum diameter) and weight were measured. In addition, as shown in Table 9 , classification was performed according to shipping standards.

As shown in Table 7-9 , the Example 1 section showed superior values for both the diameter (maximum diameter) and weight of the garlic compared to the Comparative Example 1 section.

<Application example 4: Control effect test against root-knot disease of broccoli>
(1. Purpose)
The mycelial fertilizer of Example 1 (Group 1) was evaluated for its control effect against root-knot disease of broccoli.

(2. Test method)
1. Test location Chugoku region 2. Target pest occurrence 甚 outbreak 3. Overview of Cultivation-Variety: Pixel-Sowing: On July 30, 2007, seedlings were raised in a seedling tray (200 holes).
-Planting: Planted on September 10, 2007, using a semi-automatic planting machine at 33 cm between stocks and 0.7 m between streaks. Fertilization and general management were conducted in accordance with the local practices of autumn and winter broccoli cultivation standards. Soil gathering was carried out twice on September 20th and October 16th.
4). 4. Ward system / Area 100m ² (10.0m × 10m), 420 shares / ward, 3 consecutive systems Treatment Method On September 9, 2007, the day before planting, a predetermined amount of drug was evenly sprayed by attaching a ground soar to the tractor attachment. The test materials were sprayed by hand. After spraying, the mixture was mixed with a tractor at a depth of 15 cm. In addition, there was no influence of rainfall when spraying. In 2008, a predetermined amount of drug was processed on the day of planting and on September 10 in the same field. The material was not sprayed.
6). Survey date and method On September 28 and October 16, 2007, 100 strains in the center of each ward were examined for the presence of wilt strains. During the harvest period on December 7, 50-200 strains in the center of each ward were examined for root nodule growth according to degree, and the disease severity was calculated. In the phytotoxicity survey, the presence or absence of phytotoxicity of the foliage was observed with the naked eye when investigating the wilting strain. The survey was conducted on September 24th, October 16th, and December 29th in the harvest season.

  The entire soil admixing treatment with the mycelium fertilizer of Example 1 (Group 1) was found to have the same control effect as the control drug Ranman flowable + front side powder and nevidin powder during the year of application. In addition, the root growth is vigorous compared to the untreated area and is considered to be highly practical. In the second year, no root disease was observed and a sustained effect of disease suppression was observed.

<Application Example 5: Nutrient absorption evaluation test of Chingensai>
In a 25 cm deep pot, nutrient absorption of Ching Xinsai was measured for the Comparative Example 1 (Group 4) treated zone, Coconut Charcoal Zone, and Example 1 (Group 1) treated zone. In each section, chemical fertilizer was applied to the surface layer of 10 cm. Coconut husk charcoal and mycelium fertilizer of Example 1 (first group) were mixed 3% in a surface layer of 3 cm.
The results are shown in Table 11 below. As shown in Table 11 , the absorption amount of each nutrient in Example 1 was superior to that in Comparative 1 and Coconut Charcoal. This increase in the amount of absorbed nutrients is considered to have a great influence on the yield, growth, quality, shelf life and the like of crops.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be suitably used as a mycelium fertilizer that can improve the yield, growth, quality, shelf life and the like of crops and plants such as vegetables and fruits.

Claims (2)

A mycelium fertilizer obtained by culturing and fermenting mycelium in a porous carrier having a pH of 7.5 to 9.5, wherein the mycelium contains heat-resistant actinomycetes and heat-resistant bacteria with respect to 1 g of the mycelium fertilizer. Allium fistulosum and lily family including garlic (Allium sativum), broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Italica) and Chingensai (Brassica rapa var.) Characterized by containing 1.0 × 10 ⁶ / g or more in total . A mycelium fertilizer applied to the cultivation of Brassicaceae containing chinensis or Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme . Using 50 to 78 parts by weight of a porous carrier having a particle size of 6 to 30 mesh adjusted to a pH of 7.5 to 9.5, an organic substance having a carbon content of 15% or less and a water content of 25 to 60% is added to the carrier. 30 parts by weight are kneaded, and the kneaded product is allowed to stand in an atmosphere where the system temperature can be maintained at 15 ° C. or higher to culture and ferment mycelium that is predominantly heat-resistant actinomycetes and heat-resistant bacteria. The mycelium fertilizer is prepared by heat fermentation with heat-resistant actinomycetes and heat-resistant bacteria for at least 2 days while maintaining the fermentation temperature at 55-80 ° C. by aeration, wherein the organic matter does not contain an antibacterial substance. that, leek (Allium fistulosum) and, Liliaceae comprising garlic (Allium sativum), broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italic ) And, bok choy (Brassica rapa var. Chinensis) cruciferous or a, mini-tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. Cerasiforme) preparation of mycelium fertilizer to be applied to the cultivation of the Solanaceae family, including.