JP6949319B2 - Cruciferous sprout with high phytochemical content and its production method - Google Patents

Description

The present specification relates to cruciferous sprout containing a high concentration of phytochemicals, a method for producing the same, and the like.

Phytochemicals are natural compounds present in plants. It is known that cruciferous plants such as radish and broccoli contain phytochemicals such as glucosinolate and anthocyanin. Phytochemicals are expected to have anti-cancer activity and anti-high cholesterol activity depending on the type of phytochemical.

Isothiocyanate is known as a kind of glucosinolate. Isothiacinates are mentioned. For example, sulforaphane is a type of isothiacinate that is contained in broccoli in the form of its precursor, glucoraphanin. Examples of broccoli glucosinolates include glucosinolate and glucosinolate. Anthocyanins are pigments that are widely present in the plant kingdom, and are glycoside components in which anthocyanidins are linked to sugars and sugar chains as aglycones.

As a method for efficiently producing such phytochemicals, it is described that when soybeans germinate, they are inoculated with Rhizopus microporus oryzae, Aspergillus nigar, etc. and fermented. (Patent Documents 1 and 2).

Special Table 2013-517793 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-540422

However, all of these involve inoculation and fermentation of the fungus. Therefore, the soybean sprout itself used has significantly changed or impaired characteristics as a food material, such as the flavor and texture of the food as a conventional soybean sprout (so-called bean sprout). Therefore, regardless of the case where the phytochemical is extracted from the sprout thus obtained or used as a processed food, there is a practical problem in applying it as a food material similar to the conventional one, particularly as a fresh food material.

Moreover, in cruciferous plants, a cultivation method for enhancing such phytochemicals has not yet been provided.

Therefore, the present specification provides a method for producing a cruciferous sprout containing a high amount of phytochemicals.

The present inventors evaluated various stimuli as a method for producing high concentrations of phytochemicals in cruciferous sprouts, and found that cell wall components and chitin / chitosan are effective in enhancing phytochemical production in cruciferous sprouts. I got the finding that. It was also found that germination in the presence of such cell wall components does not involve fermentation and does not change the food characteristics of cruciferous sprout itself. Based on these findings, the present specification provides the following means.

(1) A method for producing sprout of cruciferous plants.
A growth step in which the cell wall constituent composition and / or the chitin / chitosan composition is present at least temporarily to germinate the seeds of the cruciferous plant to form a sprout.
With
A method for increasing the amount of phytochemicals in the sprout in the growing step.
(2) The method according to (1), wherein the cruciferous plant is a plant belonging to the genus Brassica or the genus Radishes.
(3) The cruciferous plant is one or more selected from radishes (Raphanus sativus), broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Italica) and red radishes (Raphanus sativus var. Sativus), (1) or The method according to (2).
(4) The method according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the cell wall constituent composition is a yeast or fungal cell wall constituent composition.
(5) The sprout growing step according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein an aqueous medium containing the cell wall component and / or the chitin / chitosan composition is supplied to the seed. Method.
(6) The method according to (5), wherein the sprout growing step comprises spraying the aqueous medium onto the seeds.
(7) The method according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the sprout growing step is a step that does not involve fermentation.
(8) Any of (1) to (7), wherein the sprout is a radish sprout, and the growth step is a step of adjusting the phytochemical to 50 mg / g (dry weight) or more as glucosinolate. The method described in.
(9) The sprout is a broccoli sprout, and the growth step is a step of adjusting glucoraphanin as the phytochemical to 25 mg / g (dry weight) or more, any of (1) to (7). The method described in.
(10) The sprout is a red radish (Raphanus sativus var. Sativus) sprout, and the phytochemical is 1 mg / g (dry weight) or more as anthocyanin, according to any one of (1) to (7). The method described.
(11) A method for improving the freshness of sprout of cruciferous plants.
A growth step in which the cell wall constituent composition and / or the chitin / chitosan composition is present at least temporarily to germinate the seeds of the cruciferous plant to form a sprout.
With
A method for improving the freshness of the sprout by increasing the amount of phytochemicals in the sprout in the growing step.
(12) A method for producing sprout of cruciferous plants in a container.
A growth step in which the cell wall constituent composition and / or the chitin / chitosan composition is present at least temporarily to germinate the seeds of the cruciferous plant to form a sprout.
The containerging process of processing the sprout and packing it in a container,
With
A method for improving the freshness of the sprout after packaging by increasing the amount of phytochemicals in the sprout in the growing step.
(13) A sprout of the Brassicaceae family
A sprout in which the sprout is a sprout of radish (Raphanus sativus) and the phytochemical is 50 mg / g (dry weight) or more as glucosinolate.
(14) A sprout of the Brassicaceae family
A sprout in which the sprout is a broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Italica) sprout and the phytochemical is 25 mg / g (dry weight) or more as glucoraphanin.
(15) A sprout of the Brassicaceae family
A sprout in which the sprout is a red radish (Raphanus sativus var. Sativus) sprout and the phytochemical is 1 mg / g (dry weight) or more as anthocyanin.
(16) A method for producing foods containing phytochemicals.
A sprout growth step in which the cell wall constituent composition and / or the chitin / chitosan composition is present at least temporarily to germinate and grow the seeds of cruciferous plants to make sprouts.
The process of processing the sprout and
A method.
(17) A phytochemical production enhancer for cruciferous sprout,
An enhancer containing a cell wall constituent composition and / or a chitin / chitosan composition.

It is a figure which shows the addition effect of the yeast cell wall component composition with respect to the seed of the Brassicaceae radish genus radish in the Example. It is a figure which shows the addition effect of the yeast cell wall component composition with respect to the broccoli seed of the Brassicaceae Brassicaceae in Example. It is a figure which shows the addition effect of the yeast cell wall component composition with respect to the seed of the red radish of the Brassicaceae genus Radishes in the Example.

The disclosure herein relates to enhanced production of phytochemicals in sprouts of cruciferous plants. Specifically, a cell wall component and / or a chitin / chitosan composition is allowed to be present at least temporarily during the period from germination to growth of seeds of cruciferous plants to form a sprout. According to the present disclosure, by finding a component exhibiting a phytochemical enhancing action in sprout, it is possible to easily produce sprout containing phytochemical in a high concentration without accompanied by fermentation.

Also, the enhanced phytochemicals in the sprout are resistant components. Therefore, by increasing the production of phytochemicals in the sprout, the freshness of the sprout itself can be maintained or improved without adding anything from the outside.

Based on the above, the present disclosure describes a method for producing sprout, a method for improving the freshness of sprout, a method for producing sprout of cruciferous plants in a container, a method for producing high-concentration phytochemical-containing sprout, a method for producing phytochemical-containing food, and a method for producing phytochemical. It can be carried out as an enhancer or the like.

Phytochemicals are said to be a type of phytoalexin, which is a resistant component of plants. Therefore, in Patent Documents 1 and 2, etc., the production amount of phytochemical, which is a phytoalexin, is to be increased by the stress load of inoculation of bacteria.

On the other hand, in the present disclosure, cell wall constituents and chitin / chitosan are used, and these are not necessarily stress-bearing substances. Further, among various external stresses, it was unthinkable even for those skilled in the art that the amount of phytochemicals produced was increased by the cell wall constituent composition and / or the chitin / chitosan composition. Hereinafter, various embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail.

(Production method of sprout of cruciferous plants)
In the method for producing sprout of the present disclosure, a cell wall constituent composition and / or a chitin / chitosan composition (hereinafter, collectively referred to as a phytochemical enhancing composition) is present at least temporarily in the family Abrana. It can be provided with a growing process in which the seeds of a plant are sprouted into sprouts. According to the present production method, the amount of phytochemicals in the sprout can be increased by the present composition.

(Phytochemical)
In the present specification, the phytochemical is not particularly limited as long as it is produced by a cruciferous plant. Typically, glucosinolates and anthocyanins are mentioned. Examples of glucosinolate include sulforaphane and glucosinolate which is a precursor thereof. And carotene. For example, examples of the glucosinolate in radish sprouts include 4-methylthio-3-butenyl-glucosinolate. In addition, examples of glucosinolate in broccoli sprout include glucoraphanin.

(Sprout)
As used herein, a sprout is an artificially germinated sprout. The sprout includes a dark place breeding product and a bright place breeding product, and is not particularly limited.

(Cruciferous food seeds)
The cruciferous family in the seeds of cruciferous plants is not particularly limited, and any cruciferous plant can be used. For example, the genus White Inunazuna, the genus Nazuna, the genus Tanetsukebana, the genus Seiyouwasabi, the genus Yamagarashi, the genus Dutch Garashi, the genus Inugarashi, the genus Mamegunbainazuna, the genus Karakusanazuna, the genus Whale, the genus Miyamanazuna, the genus Iwanazuna, the genus Niwanazuna. Genus, Edauchinazuna, Kibanasushiro, Daikon, Shirogarasi, Miyagarashi, Oaraseito, Taisei, Wasabi, Gunbainazuna, Yamahatazao, Murasakinazuna, Inunazuna, Hakusennazuna Examples include the genus Magaribana, the genus Tomosirisou, the genus Himearaseito, the genus Araseito, the genus Hanadaikon, the genus Tsunominazuna, and the genus Goudasou. More specifically, the genus Raphanus sativus, the genus Horseradish (Raphanus sativus var. Sativus), the genus Brassica juncea, the genus Brassica oleracea var. Examples include Brassica oleracea var. Italica and Wasabi genus Wasabi (Wasabia japonica or Eutrema japonicum). Of these, radish and broccoli are preferable.

(Phytochemical enhancing composition: cell wall constituent composition and / or chitin / chitosan composition)
In the present production method, either or both of the cell wall constituent composition and the chitin / chitosan composition can be used as the phytochemical enhancing composition (hereinafter, simply referred to as the present composition). The cell wall constituent composition is a eukaryotic cell wall constituent composition. The eukaryote is not particularly limited, but may be one used in the production of fermented foods and the like. Typically, various yeasts including brewer's yeast such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, cell wall constituent compositions of fungi such as Aspergillus oryzae, A. niger and mushrooms. Can be mentioned. The cell wall constituent composition is commercially available as a crushed product of cultured cells and the like.

As used herein, the chitin-chitosan composition means chitin and / or chitosan. Chitin is a polysaccharide containing a poly-β1-4-N-acetylglucosamine structure. Naturally, it contains N-acetylglucosamine as well as glucosamine. The molecular weight can vary. Chitosan is poly-β1-4-N-glucosamine. That is, the acetamide group at the 2-position of all or part of N-acetylglucosamine in chitin is deacetylated and converted into a primary amine. From the above, in the present specification, chitin, chitosan and mixtures thereof are collectively referred to as chitin-chitosan compositions.

Chitin and chitosan are generally components of the exoskeleton of arthropods, including crustaceans and insects of crabs and shrimp, as well as cell wall components of mushrooms and molds. According to the present inventors, it has already been found that chitin and chitosan can obtain the same effect as the yeast cell wall constituents.

In the sprout growth step of the present production method, the composition is allowed to be present at least temporarily in the germination and growth of seeds of cruciferous plants to obtain sprout.

Regarding the germination and growth of seeds of cruciferous plants, the conditions conventionally used for the growth of sprout can be appropriately adopted. Although not particularly limited, for example, germination can proceed by contacting at least a part of the seed with oxygen or air. It is preferably performed in a dark place. The water supply conditions are not particularly limited, but for example, water having a temperature of 15 ° C. or higher and 255 ° C. or lower can be appropriately supplied. The temperature condition for germination is not particularly limited, but can be about 10 ° C. or higher and 40 ° C. or lower. Prior to germination of seeds, it is preferable to sterilize the seeds as appropriate.

The growth conditions are not particularly limited, but for example, at least a part of seeds and sprouts can be brought into contact with oxygen or air to proceed. It is preferably performed in a dark place. The water supply conditions are not particularly limited, but for example, water having a temperature of 15 ° C. or higher and 25 ° C. or lower can be appropriately supplied. The temperature condition for growth is not particularly limited, but can be about 10 ° C. or higher and 40 ° C. or lower.

The step of germinating seeds and growing them into sprouts can generally be carried out as a series of steps. For example, from germination to sprout, water is periodically supplied to seeds and sprouts after germination (hereinafter, simply referred to as seeds, etc.) at a predetermined temperature in a dark place or a bright place at a predetermined temperature. Can be nurtured. The number of growing days depends on the type of cruciferous plant and the morphology of the sprout to be obtained, but it is about 2 to 14 days. It is preferably about 3 days or more and 14 days.

The composition may be present on seeds that are growing at least temporarily in the growing process from seed germination to sprout. The presence of these at least temporarily in the growing process means that they are continuously supplied when they are supplied only temporarily to seeds or the like in the growing process, or when they are intermittently supplied multiple times during the growing process. However, any of these modes may be used.

The composition may be present in the seed in any manner. Preferably, it is supplied to the seeds as an aqueous dispersion or a water-soluble solution of the present composition (hereinafter, also simply referred to as a solution containing the present composition) so as to be present more uniformly.

For example, the present composition is impregnated with a growth medium such as a porous body or a fibrous body constituting at least a part of a medium, a container or a holding body with which seeds or the like are in contact by mixing or molding, and impregnated with water. The phytochemical-enhancing composition can be supplied to the plant together with water.

For example, seeds and the like can be brought into contact with a growth medium such as a water-absorbent sheet carrying the composition, and the composition can be supplied together with water from the growth medium. By doing so, the cell wall constituents and / or the chitin / chitosan composition can be efficiently supplied to seeds and the like. Further, by growing the seeds in contact with such a growth medium, the composition is brought into contact with a part other than the seeds, for example, a sprout which is a main edible part, while contacting the seeds and the roots of the sprout. In addition to being able to avoid it, it is possible to avoid or suppress the contact of the present composition with the members and structures constituting the growing environment.

In order to bring the seeds or the like into contact with such a growth medium, the growth medium may be provided with recesses or through holes for accommodating the seeds or the like, or simply in the form of a flat plate on which the seeds can be placed or an appropriate one. It may have a surface with roughness.

It can also be included, for example, in at least a portion of the water supplied to the seed by, for example, spraying or spraying from above. Although not particularly limited, the production of phytochemicals can be effectively enhanced by supplying the phytochemical-enhancing composition-containing liquid from above by spraying or the like.

For example, in the case where the seeds are intermittently sprinkled with water a plurality of times to supply water to carry out the growth step, the sprinkled water may contain a phytochemical enhancing composition or water for sprinkling. Separately, the phytochemical-enhancing composition may be supplied intermittently in multiple times. It is preferable that the composition supplied to the seeds and sprouts is regularly washed by watering by watering and spraying the phytochemical-enhancing composition-containing liquid.

In the growing process, the supply amount and supply concentration of the phytochemical-enhancing composition for the seed can be appropriately set in consideration of the amount of phytochemical produced and other effects of the phytochemical-enhancing composition on the sprout as a food material. .. For example, when the liquid containing the composition is sprayed on seeds or the like, 0.05% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less, for example, 0.1% by mass or more and 2% by mass or less, and for example, 0.2% by mass or more and 1% by mass. The composition-containing solution having a concentration of% or less can be sprayed in a total amount of 80 ml or more and 150 ml or less within 3 to 6 days before the growing period.

In this production method, the phytochemical-enhancing composition is supplied to the seeds, but does not involve fermentation. Therefore, there is no production of metabolites peculiar to fermentation, and there is no change in seeds or sprouts due to fermentation.

(Sprout)
By carrying out the growth process of sprout, sprout of cruciferous plants can be obtained. In the sprout obtained by this production method, the production amount of phytochemicals is enhanced by the presence of the phytochemical-enhancing composition.

According to this production method, in the sprout of radish, for example, glucosinolate (4-methylthio-3-butenyl-glucosinolate) is 50 mg / g (dry weight) or more. Further, for example, 55 mg / g (dry weight) or more, further, for example, 60 mg / g (dry weight) or more, further, for example, 65 mg / g (dry weight) or more, and for example, 60 mg / g (dry weight) or more. Dry weight) or more.

Further, according to this production method, in the broccoli sprout, for example, glucoraphanin is 25 mg / g (dry weight) or more. Further, for example, it is 30 mg / g (dry weight) or more, further, for example, 35 mg / g (dry weight) or more, and further, for example, 40 mg / g (dry weight) or more.

Further, according to this production method, in the sprout of red radish, for example, anthocyanin is 1 mg / g (dry weight) or more. Further, for example, it is 1.5 mg / g (dry weight) or more, further, for example, 2 mg / g (dry weight) or more, and further, for example, 2.5 mg / g (dry weight) or more.

The amount of sprout per dry weight is determined by drying the obtained sprout by freeze-drying or the like, extracting phytochemicals from the dried powder, and using, for example, high performance liquid chromatography or the like under well-known conditions. It can be obtained by quantifying using a chemical standard product. Here, the dry weight can be obtained by, for example, freeze-drying the harvested sprout at −60 ° C. for 24 hours and then drying it at room temperature for 12 hours, and then weighing the sprout.

For example, as a method for measuring glucosinolate, it is preferable to use high performance liquid chromatography. As the conditions, the conditions of the examples described later can be adopted.

Oki, T., Sawai, Y., Sato-Furukawa, M. and Suda, I. (2011). Validation of pH differencial method for the detection of total anthocyanin content in black rice and It can be measured as the total amount of anthocyanins according to Bunseki Kagaku 60: 819-824. Black soybean with interlaboratory comparison.

Since the sprout obtained by this production method is not accompanied by fermentation, the decrease in usefulness as a sprout as a food material is suppressed or avoided. In addition, since it is not accompanied by changes as a metabolite peculiar to fermentation or as a fermentation raw material, it is convenient for subsequent processing and the like. Furthermore, since phytochemicals as a resistant component are contained in the plant body, it is advantageous for maintaining and improving freshness without adding anything. Further, since the phytochemical is contained in the plant body, for example, even if the sprout is washed after the growing process or in the container, the phytochemical content does not decrease and the resistance does not decrease.

(How to improve the freshness of sprout of cruciferous plants)
The method for improving the freshness of sprout of cruciferous plants of the present disclosure can improve the freshness of sprout by providing the above-mentioned growth step in the present production method. Here, the improvement of freshness in sprout means that the period until spoilage or the start of spoilage is extended. Since the sprout obtained through such a growth step has phytochemicals in the plant body, it exhibits resistance to damage to the sprout and adhesion or invasion of bacteria and the like. Therefore, putrefaction is suppressed.

(Method of producing sprout of cruciferous plants in a container)
The sprout production method for cruciferous plants of the present disclosure (hereinafter, simply referred to as a containerized sprout production method) includes the above-mentioned growth step in the present production method and a containerizing step of processing and bottling sprout. Can be done. According to the containerized sprout production method, the phytochemicals are enhanced to increase the usefulness for the human body and health, and the packaged sprout with improved freshness can be obtained.

In the containerized sprout production method, the containerizing step is not particularly limited, but the sprout after the growing step is washed as necessary to remove the present composition which may be attached to the surface. be able to. After that, it can be packaged together with the growth medium or separately from the growth medium. Prior to the bundling step, the sprout may be shredded as appropriate. In the containerging step, for example, the sprout can be filled in a polypropylene bag or a molded container, and then the opening can be heat-sealed to be packaged.

(Production method of foods containing phytochemicals)
The method for producing a phytochemical-containing product of the present disclosure can include a sprout growing step in the present production method and a step of producing a phytochemical-containing product using the phytochemical in the sprout. According to this method, a phytochemical-containing food can be efficiently obtained by utilizing a sprout containing a high concentration of phytochemicals.

Various embodiments are possible to obtain a phytochemical-containing product. For example, the sprout itself or a fraction containing a phytochemical can be used as a dietary supplement, various preparations, or the like. For example, the sprout can be dried to obtain powders, pastes, and various formulations as needed. Further, the phytochemical extract from the sprout (which may be a crude extract) can be made into various formulations such as powder, paste, tablet and extract.

Also, for example, using the sprout itself or a fraction containing phytochemicals, beverages, seasonings, cooked foods (salads, stir-fried foods, simmered foods, vinegared foods, breads, sandwich fillings, cakes, various noodles, confectionery) Can be.

(Phytochemical production method)
The phytochemical production method of the present disclosure can include a sprout growth step in the sprout production method of the present disclosure. According to this method, since the sprout contains the phytochemical in a high concentration, the phytochemical can be efficiently obtained. In this method, phytochemicals can be extracted from the obtained sprout as needed, and further purified as needed.

(Phytochemical enhancer in sprout)
The phytochemical enhancer in the sprout of the present disclosure can contain a phytochemical enhancer. As mentioned above, these components can enhance the production of phytochemicals in the sprout. The enhancer may be supplied as a powder or a solid, or may be dispersed or dissolved in an aqueous medium such as water.

(Training medium)
According to the present specification, a breeding medium for cruciferous sprout (hereinafter, also referred to as the present breeding medium) is also provided. According to this growing medium, since the growing medium holds the phytochemical-enhancing composition, the phytochemical-enhancing composition is supplied to the sprout via water or the like that has permeated the growing medium.

More specifically, in the present breeding medium, the phytochemical-enhancing composition is held on a carrier having a predetermined shape suitable for holding seeds to be sprouts. The carrier is preferably a porous body through which water can permeate due to capillarity. As long as it is such a porous body, it is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a fibrous body, a foam, a knitted body, a woven body, a papermaking body, and a fiber stack. Further, the material constituting the carrier is not particularly limited, and for example, one or more selected from known natural or synthetic polymers such as cellulose, polystyrene, and polyurethane can be used. From the viewpoint of effectively retaining the phytochemical-enhancing composition, a fibrous body or a fiber stack is preferable.

The growing medium can be provided with various forms suitable for growing from seed retention to sprout. Although not particularly limited, for example, a sheet-like body having a substantially flat surface, a sheet-like body having a plurality of recesses for accommodating seeds on the surface, a container-like body having the recesses, and the like can be provided.

The carrier of the growth medium holds the phytochemical-enhancing composition as at least a part of the material of the carrier. The retention amount of the phytochemical-enhancing composition is not particularly limited, but for example, the phytochemical-enhancing composition may be contained in an amount of 5% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less based on the total amount of the phytochemical-enhancing composition and the carrier. can. If it is less than 5% by mass, it may be difficult to obtain a sufficient effect only with the growing medium, and if it exceeds 40% by mass, it is difficult to retain the phytochemical-enhancing composition from the viewpoint of carrier strength and production. In some cases. Further, for example, it is 10% by mass or more, further, for example, 15% by mass or more, and further, for example, 20% by mass or more. On the other hand, for example, it is 35% by mass or less, and for example, 30% by mass or less.

In order to produce the present growth medium, that is, to hold the phytochemical-enhancing composition in the present growth medium, for example, the following method can be adopted. That is, when the present growth medium is obtained as a papermaking body, a mixture of a fiber material as a papermaking raw material and a phytochemical enhancing composition is made into a predetermined shape, and if necessary, then molded, thereby forming the present growth medium. Can be obtained. Further, for example, when the present growing medium is acquired as a knitting body or a weaving body, a knitting material or a yarn containing a phytochemical enhancing composition as a weaving material is used, or a knitting body or a weaving body is used. The present growing medium can be obtained by supplying and adhering the phytochemical-enhancing composition to the plant. Further, for example, in the case of obtaining the main growth medium as a foam, the main growth medium can be obtained by supplying and adhering the phytochemical enhancing composition to the pore surface of the foam after obtaining the foam. can.

In this example, in the growth step of sprout, changes in the amount of phytochemicals produced by administration of the yeast cell wall component composition and the chitin / chitosan composition were evaluated.

(1) Sprout In this example, kaiware seeds and broccoli seeds were used as seeds.
(2) Training conditions (Example)
(Yeast cell wall constituent composition)
(Germination / cultivation with yeast cell wall constituent composition and chitin / chitosan composition-containing cultivation sheet)
(Growth medium (cultivation sheet) addition group)
Spread 6 g of squid seeds evenly on two types of cultivation sheets A and B, each 5 cm x 12 cm, and sprinkle 5 to 20 ml of water at 17 ° C to 23 ° C every 3 to 6 hours to germinate. , 7 days of breeding to obtain sprout (Kaiware daikon). As the two types of cultivation sheets, as the cultivation sheet A, a yeast cell wall was mixed with 17% by mass on paper and molded into a sheet shape. Further, as the cultivation sheet B, a yeast cell wall was mixed with 24% by mass on paper and molded into a sheet shape. All yeast cell walls used were manufactured by Asahi Food & Healthcare Co., Ltd.

(Spray group)
Spread 6 g of radish sprouts evenly on a 5 cm x 12 cm yeast cell wall-free cultivation sheet, and sprinkle 5 to 20 ml of watering at 17 ° C to 23 ° C every 3 hours in a shower to germinate and grow for 7 days. I went and got each sprout (Kaiware daikon). In addition, 120 ml of a part of about 1 L of watering amount to seeds was made into water containing 0.4% by mass of yeast cell wall in weight ratio, and this enzyme cell wall-containing liquid was used from the 4th to 7th days of cultivation. In the growing period of 4 days, 30 ml was sprayed daily.

(Growth medium addition and spraying group)
6 g of radish sprouts are spread evenly on the above-mentioned cultivation sheet B of 5 cm × 12 cm, and 5 to 20 ml of watering at 17 ° C to 23 ° C is sprayed in a shower shape every 3 hours to germinate, and each is grown for 7 days. I got a sprout (Kaiware daikon). In addition, as a yeast cell wall-containing liquid containing 0.4% by mass of yeast cell wall in 120 ml of a part of about 1 L of watering, 30 ml was sprayed every day during a predetermined growth period in the same manner as described above.

(Control example)
Except that the yeast cell wall is not mixed in the cultivation sheet, the one made only of the paper used in the example is used, and the yeast cell wall-free water is used to cultivate and sprinkle the control in the same manner as in the example. As an example.

(3) Quantification of phytochemicals After the growth period, the cultivated samples of Examples (cell wall constituent composition) and control examples were freeze-dried (freeze at −60 ° C. for 24 hours and then dried at room temperature for about 12 hours). Glucosinolates of Kaiware daikon (Kaiware daikon) and broccoli sprout were quantified from the obtained dry powder by the following method.

(Glucosinolate in radish sprouts)
30 ml of 80% methanol / aqueous solution was added to 0.50 g of the lyophilized powder, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 60 minutes. Then, the solution was filtered through cotton, and the filtrate was subjected to HPLC under the following conditions to quantify glucosinolate.

(HPLC conditions)
Mobile phase: Acetonitrile: 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution mixture (10:90)
Column: Cosmosil 5C18-MS-II, 4.6 mm inner diameter x 150 mm
Column temperature: 35.0 ° C
Flow rate: 1 ml / min
Sample volume: 5 μl
Detection wavelength: 234 nm

The main glucosinolate in radish sprouts was 4-methylthio-3-butenyl glucosinolate, which was isolated from radish sprouts, ^{confirmed by 1} H NMR, and used as a standard product. The structure is as follows.

(Glucosinolate in broccoli sprout)
To 0.010 g of the freeze-dried powder, 10 ml of 80% methanol / aqueous solution was added, stirred, and then allowed to stand at room temperature for 60 minutes. Then, the solution was filtered with cotton, and the obtained sample was measured under the following HPLC conditions.

(HPLC conditions)
Mobile phase: Acetonitrile: 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution mixture (1:99)
Column: Develosil ODS-5, inner diameter 4.6 x 250 m
Column temperature: 35.0 ° C
Flow rate: 1 ml / min
Sample amount: 10 μl
Detection wavelength: 234 nm

Glucoraphanin, which is the main glucosinolate in broccoli sprout, was isolated from broccoli sprout ^{and its structure was confirmed by 1} H NMR, and then used as a standard product. The structure is as follows.

The results for radish sprouts are shown in FIG. 1, and the results for broccoli sprout are shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, with respect to Kaiwaresprout, phytochemicals were enhanced in all of the two growth medium addition groups, the spray group, and the growth medium and the spray group. However, the phytochemicals were enhanced in the spraying group than in the growth medium addition group. In addition, in the growth medium and the spray group, phytochemicals decreased on the contrary, although the amount of added cell wall components was large. From the above, it was found that adding and spraying a medium such as a cell wall component to seeds and sprouts is useful for enhancing phytochemicals. In particular, spraying was found to be useful. On the other hand, it was also found that phytochemicals may decrease when the amount of cell wall components added is large.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, in the broccoli sprout, the phytochemicals were enhanced such that the spraying group exceeded 30 mg / g (dry weight). On the other hand, in the growth medium and the spraying group, phytochemicals were rather decreased.

From the above, it was found that adding and spraying a medium such as a cell wall component to seeds and sprouts is useful for enhancing phytochemicals. In particular, spraying was found to be useful. On the other hand, it was also found that phytochemicals may decrease when the amount of cell wall components added is large.

In addition, the taste and texture of the obtained sprout were equivalent to those of normal sprout in any case. In addition, when the phytochemical-enhanced sprout was bagged in a normal operation and refrigerated at 3 ° C. or lower, the period during which the freshness was maintained could be extended as compared with the control example. rice field.

From the above, the addition of the phytochemical-enhancing composition specifically enhances the production of phytochemicals in seeds, increases the production of phytochemicals at an early stage, and does not impair the food characteristics of conventional sprouts. I understand. It was also found to be effective in improving the freshness of the obtained sprout.

(Anthocyanins in red radish sprout)
Spread 5 g of red radish seeds evenly on a 5 cm x 12 cm cultivation sheet C, sprinkle about 1 L of watering at 17-23 ° C every 3 hours in a shower to germinate, grow for 7 days, and sprout each (sprout). Red radish sprout) was obtained. As the cultivation sheet C, 13% by mass of the yeast cell wall was mixed with paper and molded into a sheet.

For anthocyanins in red radish sprout, Oki, T., Sawai, Y., Sato-Furukawa, M. and Suda, I. (2011). Validation of pH differencial method for the detection of total anthocyanin content in black rice and It was measured as the total amount of anthocyanins according to Bunseki Kagaku 60: 819-824. Black soybean with interlaboratory comparison. The results are shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 3, the total amount of anthocyanins in the yeast cell wall medium culture was 1.13 times that of the control (medium not included).

Claims (10)

A method for producing sprout of cruciferous plants with enhanced phytochemicals.
By supplying the cell wall constituent composition of yeast to the cruciferous plant at least temporarily from the germination of the seeds of the cruciferous plant to the sprout, the amount of the phytochemical is increased without involvement of fermentation. Sprout growth step, to obtain increased sprout of the cruciferous plant,
With
The cruciferous plant is one or more selected from radishes (Raphanus sativus), broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Italica) and red radishes (Raphanus sativus var. Sativus).
The phytochemicals are glucosinolates when the cruciferous plants are radish and broccoli, and the cruciferous plants are anthocyanins for red radishes.
The sprout growth step comprises spraying or spraying the seeds and / or sprout with an aqueous medium containing 0.05% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less of the cell wall constituent composition.
Method. The method of claim 1, wherein the sprout growing step comprises spraying or spraying the aqueous medium onto the seeds and / or sprout from above. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the concentration of the cell wall constituent composition in the aqueous medium is 0.2% by mass or more and 2% by mass or less. The process of growing the sprout further comprises growing the seed and / or sprout on a porous body carrying the cell wall constituent composition in an amount of 5% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less based on the total mass. The method according to any one of 1-3. The cruciferous plant is a radish,
The sprout growing step comprises spraying or spraying the aqueous medium onto the seeds and / or sprouts, and the concentration of the cell wall constituent composition is 0.4% by mass or more and 1% by mass or less. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is a step using the above. The cruciferous plant is broccoli,
The sprout growing step comprises only spraying or spraying the aqueous medium onto the seeds and / or sprouts, wherein the concentration of the cell wall constituent composition is 0.4% by mass or more and 1% by mass or less. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is a step using an aqueous medium. A method for producing sprout of cruciferous plants with enhanced phytochemicals.
By feeding the cruciferous cell wall constituent composition to the cruciferous plant at least temporarily from germination of the seeds of the cruciferous plant to sprout, the amount of phytochemicals is increased without fermentation. Sprout growth step, to obtain the sprout of the cruciferous plant
With
The cruciferous plant is a red radish (Raphanus sativus var. Sativus).
The phytochemical is anthocyanin,
The sprout growth step comprises spraying or spraying the aqueous medium on the seeds and / or sprouts on a water-absorbing growth medium containing the cell wall constituent composition in an amount of 5% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less. .. A method for improving the freshness of sprout of cruciferous plants,
Increase cell wall component composition yeast, by supplying at least temporarily the crucifer between until sprouts of germinating seeds of the Brassicaceae, without fermentation, the amount of off Itokemikaru is Sprout growth step, to obtain the sprout of the cruciferous plant
With
The cruciferous plant is one or more selected from radishes (Raphanus sativus), broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Italica) and red radishes (Raphanus sativus var. Sativus).
The phytochemicals are glucosinolates when the cruciferous plants are radish and broccoli, and the cruciferous plants are anthocyanins for red radishes.
The sprout growth step comprises spraying or spraying the seeds and / or sprout with an aqueous medium containing 0.05% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less of the cell wall constituent composition.
Method. A method for producing sprout of cruciferous plants in a container.
By feeding the cruciferous cell wall constituent composition to the cruciferous plant at least temporarily from germination of the seeds of the cruciferous plant to sprout, the amount of phytochemicals is increased without fermentation. The sprout growing process for obtaining the sprout of the cruciferous plant, and
The process of bottling the sprout and
With
The cruciferous plant is one or more selected from radishes (Raphanus sativus), broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Italica) and red radishes (Raphanus sativus var. Sativus).
The phytochemicals are glucosinolates when the cruciferous plants are radish and broccoli, and the cruciferous plants are anthocyanins for red radishes.
The method of growing the sprout comprises spraying or spraying the seed and / or the sprout with an aqueous medium containing 0.05% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less of the cell wall component. It is a production method of foods containing phytochemicals.
By feeding the cruciferous cell wall constituent composition to the cruciferous plant at least temporarily from germination to sprout of the cruciferous plant seeds, the amount of phytochemicals is increased without fermentation. The sprout growing process for obtaining sprouts of the cruciferous plants,
The process of processing the sprout and
With
The cruciferous plant is one or more selected from radishes (Raphanus sativus), broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Italica) and red radishes (Raphanus sativus var. Sativus).
The phytochemicals are glucosinolates when the cruciferous plants are radish and broccoli, and the cruciferous plants are anthocyanins for red radishes.
The sprout growth step comprises spraying or spraying the seeds and / or sprout with an aqueous medium containing 0.05% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less of the cell wall constituent composition.
Method.

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