KR20210036733A - Vegetable cultivation method using compression mold soil containing biomass - Google Patents

Abstract

In a vegetable cultivation method using the compression molded bed soil containing biomass of the present invention, the compression molded bed soil containing the biomass includes a biomass extract and bed soil, and the biomass extract obtained by mixing and fermenting charcoal, agricultural by-products, and water.

Description

Vegetable cultivation method using compression mold soil containing biomass}

The present invention relates to a vegetable cultivation method using compressed molded soil including biomass extract on top soil that is essentially used for the growth of various vegetable crops, horticultural crops, special crops, etc., and in particular, loess and water and charcoal powder on rice straw. On a vegetable cultivation method using a compression molded soil containing biomass processed in the form of a compression molded soil after mixing rice straw containing biomass produced by mixing and fermenting it into soil for seedling such as humus. will be.

Top soil refers to the medium used for the purpose of cultivation of crops. It promotes the growth of roots with adequate water retention and ventilation for the growth of crops, and supplies various nutrients and moisture necessary for plant growth. It is formulated so that there is no soil contagious disease and is the most basic for seedlings.

Conventional topsoil mainly uses rock wool, which is an inorganic material, but rock wool is an environmental pollutant that has a profound effect on the environment that is difficult to discard after use as well as expensive. Although peat moss, an organic material, is sometimes used as a medium to replace rock wool, peat moss is not only not compressed or molded well unless a coking agent is used, and since there are not many quantities in the world, it forms an expensive price point. , Puts a burden on the user.

On the other hand, coconut fiber is sometimes used as an alternative raw material for rock wool, because coconut fiber is an organic material and has excellent water retention and breathability. However, coconut fiber has a higher salt and K (kali) concentration than an appropriate level, and a C:N ratio of 80 or more, which is higher than the reference value of 40. Also, resin, tannin, and terpene that inhibit plant root growth ( terpene), etc. Therefore, when coconut fiber is used as the top soil (medium) for crop cultivation, the chemical properties of coconut fiber must be improved or adjusted, but a technology for this has not been developed yet.

In addition, as national income increases, the general public's interest and demand for flower and vegetable cultivation are increasing. Development, diversification of plant cultivation containers, and development of high-functional cultivation soil are required. In particular, in consideration of the characteristics of young generations who are familiar with fancy and disposable products, there is a need to develop a pot product for cultivation of horticultural plants that is easy to cultivate and manage plants and to dispose of the soil after cultivation is completed. According to this trend, products for cultivating various kinds of horticultural plants are being developed. For example, there are products in which a flowerpot container is miniaturized to be suitable for fancy products, a product in which a flowerpot material is diversified, and a product containing a functional artificial soil capable of plant cultivation only by irrigation.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a user with a fermented rice straw containing a large amount of biomass that is helpful for plant growth, and a compression molded soil prepared by mixing the fermented rice straw with soil that can be easily procure around the user. It can be provided at a low price and has the purpose of promoting plant growth.

On the other hand, even when plant growth is complete and the compression molded soil is to be discarded, the compressed soil using only eco-friendly materials has the characteristic that it is manufactured only with eco-friendly materials such as rice straw and charcoal powder, It has the purpose of reducing environmental pollution.

Another object of the present invention is to increase the convenience of growers by providing an automatic water supply device provided in the prepared compression molded soil.

Compressed top soil using biomass according to an embodiment of the present invention for solving the above problem includes a biomass extract and top soil, and the biomass extract is obtained by fermentation by mixing charcoal, agricultural by-products, and water. You can do it.

Here, the compressed molded soil containing the biomass is blended with 20 to 30 parts by weight of the biomass extract and 70 to 90 parts by weight of the top soil, and the blended biomass extract and the top soil are mixed using a mold for producing compressed clay. It is compression-pressed molding at a pressure of 500 kg/cm2, and the biomass extract is obtained by fermenting for 6 hours to 8 hours at a temperature of 40 to 60 °C by mixing charcoal, agricultural by-products, and water.

In addition, the agricultural by-product may further include one or more of rice straw, rice hull, yellow husk, barley straw waste wood, sugar cane, corn, sweet potato stems, bean pods, bean pods, and sesame seeds.

In addition, the biomass extract may be prepared further including livestock by-products or seaweed.

In addition, the top soil may be prepared by further including one or more of ocher, humus, vermiculite, pearlite, peat moss, sand, and masato.

In addition, the top soil may be a top soil that has been sterilized by one or more disinfection methods such as a soto soil method, a drug disinfection method, and a steam disinfection method.

Here, the drug disinfection method is characterized in that chloropicline, methyl bromide, or cyclone is used as a disinfecting agent.

In addition, the water may be water prepared by blending a plant nutrient further comprising one or more of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium.

In addition, the compressed molded soil using the biomass may be provided with a moisture measurement sensor, a pump, an injector, and a controller in order to measure moisture and automatically supply water.

The compression molded soil using biomass according to an embodiment of the present invention has an effect of increasing the convenience of a user who wants to grow plants by providing a compression molded soil that can be easily disposed of by using eco-friendly materials.

In addition, the compressed molded soil using biomass according to an embodiment of the present invention has an effect of promoting plant growth by providing a compressed molded soil containing a large amount of useful microorganisms in the biomass.

In addition, as biomass, it provides an environment in which effective microorganisms can grow, and the active activity of the effective microorganisms increases water holding capacity and breathability, strengthens the roots of plants and promotes growth.

In addition, biomass is rich in essential organic matter, so it has the advantage of having strong resistance to diseases and pests.

In the following description, terms such as first and second are terms used to describe various elements, and their meanings are not limited, and are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one element from other elements.

The singular expression used in the present invention includes a plurality of expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In addition, terms such as "comprise", "include" or "have" described below are intended to designate the presence of features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification. It is to be construed and not to preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms including technical or scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. Terms as defined in a commonly used dictionary should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the related technology, and should not be interpreted as an ideal or excessively formal meaning unless explicitly defined in the present application. Does not.

Hereinafter, a vegetable cultivation method using a compressed molded soil containing biomass according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

The present invention relates to a vegetable cultivation method using a compressed soil containing biomass, which promotes plant growth, facilitates disposal/recycling, and increases the convenience of growers. It's about the method.

First, the present invention may include a biomass extract, top soil.

Here, the biomass extract may be characterized in that it is obtained by fermentation by mixing charcoal, agricultural by-products, and water.

At this time, the charcoal may preferably be made of bamboo, cypress or oak, but all charcoal made using trees may be used.

In addition, since the compressed molded soil containing biomass has a characteristic of being manufactured using only eco-friendly materials, it reduces environmental pollution when discarded, and has a characteristic that it is easy to recycle when needed by a grower.

In addition, it is preferable to mix 20 to 30 parts by weight of the biomass extract and 70 to 90 parts by weight of the top soil in the compressed molded soil containing the biomass.

At this time, when the content of the biomass is less than the weight range, the easy effect of the biomass extract is insignificant, and when it exceeds the weight range, root rot may occur due to excessive active ingredients of the biomass extract. .

In addition, it is preferable that the blended biomass extract and top soil are compressed and press-molded at a pressure of 100 to 500 kg/cm 2 using a compression molded top soil manufacturing mold.

This is to produce a compression molded soil by compression molding the mixed soil with the biomass extract of the present invention.

In addition, when the compression molded soil is compressed by exceeding 500 kg/cm2 pressure, a problem may occur that it is difficult for the roots of vegetables to reach root due to high density, and when compressed with a pressure of less than 100 kg/cm2, the compression There may be a problem that the shape of the molded soil is not properly formed.

On the other hand, the biomass extract may be characterized in that obtained by mixing charcoal, agricultural by-products, and water and fermenting for 6 to 8 hours at a temperature of 40 to 60 °C.

This is to extract/increase effective microorganisms and bioenergy possessed by agricultural by-products through aging and fermentation, and to grow vegetables healthy using the extracted/increased effective microorganisms and bioenergy.

Here, in the process of obtaining the biomass extract, when aged at a temperature of less than 40 °C, effective microorganisms cannot be easily activated, and when the temperature exceeds 60 °C, effective microorganisms may be killed by heat. .

In addition, the agricultural by-products may further include one or more of rice straw, rice hull, yellow husk, barley straw, waste wood, sugar cane, corn, sweet potato stems, bean pods, bean stalks, and sesame seeds.

Here, the inorganic elements contained in rice straw contain magnesium, calcium, manganese, aluminum, and silicon, which are similar to those of soil, and contain phosphorus and potassium, which are components of fertilizers, and sulfur and chlorine, which are components of pesticides. It has the effect of improving the quality of plants when harvesting plants by providing abundant nutrients that are helpful for plant growth.

In addition, since rice husk contains calcium, potassium and magnesium, it has an effect on soil improvement, can help plant growth, has a high content of fiber and nitrogen, and has a low lignin content, so that biomass can be easily extracted. It has an advantage.

On the other hand, the biomass extract may be prepared further comprising a livestock by-product or aquatic by-product.

In addition, the livestock by-product may include manure generated during breeding of livestock such as cattle or pigs raised on a farm.

However, the livestock by-products are not limited to manure, and all by-products produced from reared livestock may be included.

On the other hand, the manure evenly contains calcium, phosphorus, iron, etc. necessary for vegetable growth, so that various effective nutrients can be supplied to crops at the same time.

Here, since the compressed molded soil containing biomass according to an embodiment of the present invention contains livestock manure as a means for extracting/manufacturing biomass, odor and environmental pollution problems caused by manure generated in the livestock are reduced. It has an effect that can be made.

In addition, the aquatic by-product may include seaweed such as fish, shellfish, crustacean shells, or seaweed stems.

Conventional aquatic by-products include the step of removing non-edible parts such as fish bones and shellfish shells in distribution, processing, and sales stages, resulting in a huge amount of by-products. When these seafood by-products are simply disposed of, environmental pollution and costs are incurred.

Accordingly, the compression molded soil containing biomass of the present invention contains aquatic by-products as a means for extracting/manufacturing biomass, and thus has an effect of reducing environmental pollution and cost incurred from aquatic by-products. .

In addition, the top soil may be prepared by further including one or more of loess, humus, vermiculite, pearlite, peat moss, sand, and masato.

Here, the loess contains a protease, and the protease serves as a fertilizer element, which may help plant growth.

In addition, humus is a soil in which leaves or subdivided branches are decayed by microorganisms, and the humus has a strong preservation power of moisture and nutrients, raises ground temperature, and is rich in nutrients, thus helping plant growth. I can.

In addition, since vermiculite has nutrients such as potassium, magnesium, and calcium, it can help plant growth.

In addition, pearlite retains moisture well, has excellent breathability, and has the advantage of preventing overheating or cooling of plant roots due to the thermal insulation properties of pearlite.

In addition, peat moss has a characteristic that it is easy to use as a culture soil for plants due to its good ventilation and low corrosion rate.

In addition, the top soil may be a top soil that has been sterilized by one or more disinfection methods such as a soto method, a drug disinfection method, and a steam disinfection method.

This is to remove germs or weed seeds that may be included in the soil, and accordingly, to prevent damage to vegetables that the grower wants to cultivate due to the occurrence of diseases such as wearing diseases and late blight.

Specifically, as a method of disinfecting the topsoil using the soil method, the topsoil is flattened on an iron plate or rectangular-shaped steel, and the iron plate or rectangular-shaped steel is heated, and the organic matter contained in the topsoil is exposed to excessive heat. It is preferable to wet the top soil by sprinkling water on the top soil to prevent it from being destroyed by the top soil, stop heating when the heated top soil reaches a temperature of 65 to 75°C, and cool it to an appropriate temperature for use. .

In addition, as a method of disinfecting the top soil using the drug disinfection method, after flattening the top soil, a hole is formed at each predetermined distance of the top soil surface, a disinfectant agent is injected into the formed hole, and the hole is filled with the top soil. It is preferably used by aging or stirring.

Here, the drug used in the drug disinfection method may be chloropicline, methyl bromide, or cyclone.

In addition, as a method of disinfecting the top soil using the steam disinfection method, it is preferable to steam the top soil included in the present invention with steam having a temperature of 85°C to 100°C.

In addition, the water may be water prepared by blending a plant nutrient further comprising one or more of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium.

This is to further promote the growth of vegetables, and to improve the quality and taste of the vegetables produced along with promoting the growth of vegetables.

Here, nitrogen is a constituent of proteins, nucleic acids, chlorophyll, vitamins, hormones of various plants, and helps the growth of stems and leaves.

In addition, the phosphorus is a constituent of proteins, enzymes, and nucleic acids, helps the growth of roots, and is a material necessary for promoting the fruiting of plants.

In addition, potassium is involved in the action of plant pores, absorption and transport of minerals, and has the effect of strengthening roots and stems.

On the other hand, the compressed molded soil using the biomass may include a moisture measurement sensor, a water tank, a pump, a sprayer, and a controller.

This, along with measuring the moisture in the compression-molded soil according to an embodiment of the present invention, can automatically supply water when the moisture content in the compression-molded soil decreases.

Specifically, the moisture measurement sensor is inserted into the compression-molded soil and measures the moisture content inside the compression-molded soil, and when the moisture content inside the compression-molded soil is less than the standard, a controller provided outside the compression-molded soil It transmits a signal, operates a pump, and sprays water stored in the water tank with a sprayer.

Accordingly, when the grower cultivates vegetables, it is possible to supply water more effectively to vegetables than to supply water by directly touching the compressed molded soil according to an embodiment of the present invention or by visually checking it.

In addition, when the grower forgets to supply water to the vegetables over time during vegetable cultivation, water is automatically supplied by measuring the moisture content of the compressed molded soil to prevent the vegetables from drying out.

Hereinafter, examples are presented to aid in the understanding of the present invention, but the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[ Experimental example One] Biomass Derivation of optimal conditions for extraction

In this experiment, when going through the aging step to extract biomass, after cultivating cherry tomatoes using the compressed molded soil prepared after going through the aging step by varying the aging temperature to derive the optimal conditions, the plant growth state Was measured. Here, agricultural by-product rice straw to obtain biomass was used, and the conditions and results are shown in Table 1 below.

Plant growth status of compressed molded soil prepared according to aging temperature Temperature Cultivation time harvesting The height of the cherry tomato tree 30℃
50 days X 52 cm 60℃ O 63 cm 90℃ X 55 cm

Referring to Table 1, it can be seen that when a plant is grown using compressed molded soil using rice straw that has undergone a aging process at a maturation temperature of 60°C, the growth state of the cherry tomato tree is the most advanced.

[ Experimental example 2] Plant nutrients Comparison of the growth state of water containing water and water containing normal water

In this experiment, water prepared by adding plant nutrients including nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium components according to an embodiment of the present invention and compressed molded clay prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention prepared using general water were used. After cultivating cherry tomatoes, each plant growth state and whether or not harvest was measured.

Here, agricultural by-product rice straw for obtaining biomass was used, and the conditions and results are shown in Table 2 below.

Plant growth status of compressed molded soil according to ingredients added to water Addition or not Cultivation time harvesting The height of the cherry tomato tree No additives 50 days X 51 cm adding O 60 cm

Referring to Table 2, when plants are grown using compressed molded soil containing water prepared by adding phytonutrients containing nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium components, the growing state of cherry tomato trees is when water containing normal water is used. It can be seen that it is ahead of the compression molded soil.

[Example 1] Cultivation of cherry tomatoes using compression molded soil containing biomass according to an embodiment of the present invention

The compressed molded soil containing the biomass includes a biomass extract and a top soil, and the biomass extract is obtained by fermentation by mixing charcoal, agricultural by-products, and water. Cherry tomatoes were cultivated using molded clay, and cherry tomatoes harvested 60 days later in the seedling state were used.

[Comparative Example 1] Cultivation of cherry tomatoes using commercially available mixed soil

Cherry tomatoes were cultivated using commercially available mixed top soil, and cherry tomatoes harvested 60 days later in the seedling state were used.

[ Experimental example 3] Sensory test

Cherry tomatoes were cultivated using compression molded soil containing the biomass of the present invention and conventional commercially available mixed soil, and the inspector for the acceptance of the cultivated cherry tomatoes was targeting an unspecified number of street pedestrians in their twenties. Ten men and 10 women were selected until they reached their 40s.

Thereafter, a scorecard was distributed to each inspector, and the preference of each measurement item was measured on a 9-point scale. For each sample, various items such as sweetness, amount of fruit juice, flavor, color development, and overall preference were explained, and the scale was a 9-point scale (1: very dislike, 5: moderate, 9: very good)

The results are shown in Table 3 below.

Acceptance comparison table sweetness Amount of juice Flavor Color Overall symbol diagram Example 1 5. 8 7. 8 6. 9 8. 8 8. 5 Comparative Example 1 5. 2 6. 9 5. 7 7. 6 7. 2

Referring to Table 3, when comparing Example 1, which is a cherry tomato cultivated according to the present invention, and Example 2, which is a cherry tomato grown using a conventional commercial mixed soil, cherry tomatoes grown in Example 1 of the present invention By confirming that the overall preference of is high, it can be seen that it has an easier effect on plant growth during plant cultivation.

[Example 2] Cultivation of cherry tomatoes using compression molded soil containing biomass prepared including livestock by-products

As for the compression molded soil containing the biomass, cherry tomatoes were cultivated using the compression molded soil prepared including biomass extracted as livestock by-products, and the cherry tomatoes harvested after 60 days in the seedling state were used. I did.

[Example 3] Cultivation of cherry tomatoes using compression molded soil containing biomass prepared including aquatic by-products

As for the compression molded soil containing the biomass, cherry tomatoes were cultivated using the compression molded soil prepared including biomass extracted as aquatic by-products, and the cherry tomatoes harvested after 60 days in the seedling state were used. I did.

[ Experimental example 4] Sensory test

Cherry tomatoes were cultivated using compression molded soil containing biomass extracted from livestock by-products and fishery by-products, and conventional commercially available mixed soil. For the subjects, 10 men and 10 women were selected from their 20s to 40s.

Thereafter, a scorecard was distributed to each inspector, and the preference of each measurement item was measured on a 9-point scale. For each sample, various items such as sweet taste, amount of fruit juice, flavor, color development, and overall preference were described, and a 9-point scale (1: very dislike, 5: moderate, 9: very good) was used.

The results are shown in Table 4 below.

Acceptance comparison table sweetness Amount of juice Flavor Color Overall symbol diagram Comparative Example 1 5. 2 6. 9 5. 7 7. 6 7. 2 Example 2 5. 8 7. 6 6. 9 8. 7 8. 2 Example 3 5. 9 7. 3 7.7 8. 5 8. 1

Preference evaluation graph of [Comparative Example 1]

After cultivating cherry tomatoes using conventional commercially available mixed clay, as a result of analyzing consumer preference, it was confirmed that it received a sweet taste of 5.2, a fruit juice amount of 6.9, a flavor of 5.7, and a color development of 7.6. can do.

Preference evaluation graph of [Example 1]

After cultivating cherry tomatoes using compressed molded soil containing biomass extracted from developed agricultural by-products, as a result of analyzing consumer preference, they received 5.8 sweetness, 7.8 fruit juice, 6.9 flavor, and 8.8 color development. You can see that it received a high evaluation of 8.5.

Preference evaluation graph of [Example 2]

After cultivating cherry tomatoes using compressed molded soil containing biomass extracted from the developed livestock by-products, as a result of analyzing consumer preference, they received 5.8 sweetness, 7.6 fruit juice, 6.9 flavor, and 8.7 color development. You can see that it received a high rating of 8.2.

Preference evaluation graph of [Example 3]

After cultivating cherry tomatoes using compressed molded soil containing biomass extracted from the developed aquatic by-products, as a result of analyzing consumer preference, they received 5.9 sweetness, 7.3 fruit juice, 7.7 flavor, and 8.5 color development. You can see that it received a high evaluation of 8.1.

When looking at the above results, the compression molded soil containing biomass did not show a lower preference than the cherry tomatoes grown using the conventional commercially available mixed soil, but rather, the cherry tomatoes grown using agricultural by-products. It can be seen that the preference is much higher.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying tables and graphs above, but those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains may be implemented in other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential features of the present invention. You will understand that you can. Therefore, the embodiments described above are illustrative and non-limiting in all respects.

Claims (9)

In the vegetable cultivation method using compressed molded soil containing biomass,
Compression molded soil containing the biomass,
Contains biomass extract, top soil,
The biomass extract,
Vegetable cultivation method using compressed molded soil containing biomass, characterized in that obtained by fermentation by mixing charcoal, agricultural by-products, and water
The method of claim 1,
Compression molded soil containing the biomass,
20 to 30 parts by weight of the biomass extract and 70 to 90 parts by weight of top soil are blended, and the blended biomass extract and top soil are compression-molded at a pressure of 100 to 500 kg/cm2 using a mold for producing compressed top soil,
The biomass extract,
Vegetable cultivation method using compressed molded soil containing biomass, characterized in that obtained by fermenting for 6 to 8 hours at a temperature of 40 to 60 °C by mixing charcoal, agricultural by-products, and water.
The method of claim 1,
The agricultural by-products,
Vegetable cultivation method using compression molded soil containing biomass further comprising one or more of rice straw, rice husk, yellow husk, barley straw waste wood, sugar cane, corn, sweet potato stem, bean pods, bean stalks, and sesame seeds.
The method of claim 1,
The biomass extract,
Vegetable cultivation method using compression molded soil containing biomass, characterized in that it can be produced further including livestock by-products or fishery by-products.
The method of claim 1,
The top soil,
Vegetable cultivation method using compressed molded soil containing biomass, characterized in that it is produced further comprising at least one of loess, humus, vermiculite, perlite, peat moss, sand, and masato.

The method of claim 1,
The water,
Vegetable cultivation method using compressed molded soil containing biomass, characterized in that water produced by blending a plant nutrient further containing one or more of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium.
The method of claim 1,
The top soil,
Vegetable cultivation method using compressed molded soil containing biomass, characterized in that the soil is sterilized by one or more disinfection methods, such as soto soil, chemical disinfection and steam disinfection.
The method of claim 7,
The drug disinfection method,
Vegetable cultivation method using compressed molded soil containing biomass, characterized in that chloropiclin, methyl bromide, or cylon is used as a disinfecting drug.
The method of claim 1,
Compression molded soil using the biomass,
Vegetable cultivation method using compressed clay, comprising biomass, comprising a moisture measuring sensor, a pump, an injector, and a controller to measure the moisture content of the compressed clay and automatically supply water.