KR100762526B1 - 디젤 엔진용 피스톤 - Google Patents

디젤 엔진용 피스톤 Download PDF

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KR100762526B1
KR100762526B1 KR1020027016087A KR20027016087A KR100762526B1 KR 100762526 B1 KR100762526 B1 KR 100762526B1 KR 1020027016087 A KR1020027016087 A KR 1020027016087A KR 20027016087 A KR20027016087 A KR 20027016087A KR 100762526 B1 KR100762526 B1 KR 100762526B1
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piston
coating
piston crown
cavity
alloy
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KR1020027016087A
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KR20030005413A (ko
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울리히 비쇼프베르거
빌프리트 잔더
미카엘 울리히
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말레 게엠베하
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/10—Pistons  having surface coverings
    • F02F3/12—Pistons  having surface coverings on piston heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0672—Omega-piston bowl, i.e. the combustion space having a central projection pointing towards the cylinder head and the surrounding wall being inclined towards the cylinder center axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/10—Pistons  having surface coverings
    • F02F3/12—Pistons  having surface coverings on piston heads
    • F02F3/14—Pistons  having surface coverings on piston heads within combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0603—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston at least part of the interior volume or the wall of the combustion space being made of material different from the surrounding piston part, e.g. combustion space formed within a ceramic part fixed to a metal piston head
    • F02B2023/0612—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston at least part of the interior volume or the wall of the combustion space being made of material different from the surrounding piston part, e.g. combustion space formed within a ceramic part fixed to a metal piston head the material having a high temperature and pressure resistance, e.g. ceramic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/04—Heavy metals
    • F05C2201/0433—Iron group; Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel
    • F05C2201/0448—Steel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
    • Y10T29/49249—Piston making
    • Y10T29/49256—Piston making with assembly or composite article making
    • Y10T29/49263—Piston making with assembly or composite article making by coating or cladding

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은 연소 공동부(combustion cavity)를 포함하는 디젤 엔진용 피스톤에 관한 것이다. 피스톤 크라운과 공동부가 코팅으로 프라즈마 분무되어져 있다. 본 발명의 목적은 비용이 효과적인 방법으로 상기한 코팅을 생산하는 것이다. 이것을 성취하기 위하여 상기 코팅은 상기 공동부의 경계 범위에서 더 큰 층두께를 가지는 불균일한 층두께를 가진다.
디젤 엔진, 피스톤, 코팅, 피스톤 크라운, 연소 공동부, 합금

Description

디젤 엔진용 피스톤{DIESEL ENGINE PISTON}
본 발명은 특허청구범위 제1항의 전제부에 따른 디젤 엔진용 피스톤에 관한 것이다.
SAE 논문 제860888호 "디젤 엔진에서 세라믹 및 금속 코팅재의 사용중 성능(In-Service Performance of Ceramic and Metallic Coatings in Diesel Engines)"으로부터, MCrAlY 플라즈마 분무 코팅층들로 피스톤 크라운을 코팅함으로써 디젤 피스톤의 부식을 방지하는 것이 공지되어 있다. 물론 이 문헌에 제시된 결과들은 순수한 연구 결과들이며, 지금까지 실제로 응용된 것은 발견되지 않았다. 그리고 부식 방지를 위해 제공된 분무층들이 항상 산화 지르코늄 층들과 조합되어 고려되어 왔으며, 이들 층들은 부착층 및 부식 방지층의 역할을 한다. 상기 SAE 논문에서는 층의 제조에 대해서는 상세히 설명하고 있지 않다.
따라서, 본 발명은, 양산(series production)에 활용될 수 있으며 효율적인 비용으로 제조할 수 있는 분무층들을 제공하는 데 목적을 두고 있다.
이러한 목적은 특허청구범위 제1항의 특징에 의하여 달성된다. 바람직한 실시예들이 종속항들에 기재되어 있다.
이러한 유형의 피스톤은 또한 독일 특허 공보 제29600036호로부터 공지되어 있다. 이러한 피스톤의 경우에, 피스톤 크라운의 산화는 알루미늄 합금 또는 세라믹, 특히 산화 지르코늄 또는 다른 내열성 산화물로 된 층이 피스톤 크라운 상에 도포됨으로써 방지될 수 있다.
선택적으로, 피스톤 크라운 상에는 세라믹층과 기부 재료(base material) 사이에 NiCrAl 합금으로 된 부식 방지층이 적층된다.
세라믹 층과 다른 합금 층으로 구성되는 코팅재의 제조는 복잡할 뿐만 아니라 비용 및 시간이 많이 들며 따라서 고가이다.
따라서, 본 발명에 따른 코팅재들은 바람직하게는 추가적인 세라믹 코팅재를 구비하지 않고 오로지 MCrAlY 층으로 되어 있으며, 여기서 M은 Ni, Fe 및 Co와 같은 금속들을 나타낸다.
본 발명에 따른 분무층의 두께는 변동되며 공동부 가장자리의 범위에서 가장 크고, 분무층의 두께는 피스톤 크라운 상에서 반경 방향으로 외측을 향해 그리고 공동부의 바닥을 향해 감소된다.
피스톤 크라운과 특히 공동부는 코팅재가 피스톤 크라운과 거의 동일 높이로 마감되도록 선반 작업에 의해 코팅재의 영역에서 함몰 가공되어(recessed), 피스톤 크라운의 코팅되지 않은 영역의 표면이 코팅된 영역의 표면과 동일한 평면에 놓이며, 코팅되지 않은 피스톤의 경우와 동일한 압축비가 설정된다.
층 두께는 공동부 가장자리에서 일반적으로 50㎛ 내지 500㎛, 바람직하게는 200㎛ 내지 400㎛이다. 층의 제조를 위한 방법으로서는 플라즈마 분무법이 바람직하다.
이하, 실시예를 참조하여 본 발명을 상세히 설명한다.
도 1은 본 발명에 따른 피스톤의 피스톤 크라운을 도시한 도면이다.
강으로 제조된 피스톤 크라운(1)은, 연소 공동부(2)와, 실린더 헤드와 대면하는 표면(3)을 구비한다. 표면(3)과 연소 공동부(2)를 적어도 부분적으로 덮고 있는 플라즈마 분무층(4)은 공동부 가장자리(5)의 영역에서 최대 두께를 가지며, 이러한 층 두께는 반경 방향으로 외측을 향해 그리고 공동부 바닥을 향해 감소된다. 이와 관련하여, 분무층을 실척으로 도시하지 않고, 층 두께의 변화를 명확하게 파악할 수 있게 하기 위해서 확대하여 도시하였다.
삭제

Claims (4)

  1. 연소 공동부를 구비하며, 실린더 헤드와 대면하는 피스톤 크라운의 표면에 열간 분무에 의하여 적층된 NiCrAl 합금 또는 CoCrAl 합금이나 이들 합금들의 혼합물 또는 FeCrAl 합금으로 된 코팅재를 구비하며, 적어도 피스톤 크라운이 강으로 되어 있는 디젤 엔진용 피스톤에 있어서,
    공동부 가장자리의 영역에서 가장 큰 층 두께가 존재하며, 상기 층 두께는 피스톤 크라운에서 반경 방향으로 외측을 향해 그리고 연소 공동부의 바닥을 향해 감소하는 것을 특징으로 하는 디젤 엔진용 피스톤.
  2. 제1항에 있어서,
    상기 코팅재는 피스톤 상의 단일 열간 분무층으로서 구비되는 것을 특징으로 하는 디젤 엔진용 피스톤.
  3. 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서,
    상기 코팅 합금은 추가로 이트륨을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 디젤 엔진용 피스톤.
  4. 제1항에 있어서,
    상기 피스톤 크라운과 연소 공동부는, 코팅되지 않은 피스톤의 경우와 동일한 압축비를 얻기 위하여, 후속하여 코팅하고자 하는 층의 층 두께에 대략 상응하게 선반 작업에 의하여 코팅 공정 전에 함몰 가공되는(recessed) 것을 특징으로 하는 디젤 엔진용 피스톤.
KR1020027016087A 2000-06-16 2001-05-22 디젤 엔진용 피스톤 KR100762526B1 (ko)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10029810A DE10029810A1 (de) 2000-06-16 2000-06-16 Kolben für Dieselmotoren
DE10029810.9 2000-06-16
PCT/DE2001/001941 WO2001096726A1 (de) 2000-06-16 2001-05-22 Kolben für dieselmotoren

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KR20030005413A KR20030005413A (ko) 2003-01-17
KR100762526B1 true KR100762526B1 (ko) 2007-10-01

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US (1) US6877473B2 (ko)
EP (1) EP1290325B1 (ko)
JP (1) JP4856354B2 (ko)
KR (1) KR100762526B1 (ko)
BR (1) BR0111621B1 (ko)
DE (2) DE10029810A1 (ko)
WO (1) WO2001096726A1 (ko)

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BR0111621B1 (pt) 2009-08-11
DE50109441D1 (de) 2006-05-18
BR0111621A (pt) 2003-05-06
DE10029810A1 (de) 2001-12-20
EP1290325B1 (de) 2006-04-05
US6877473B2 (en) 2005-04-12
KR20030005413A (ko) 2003-01-17
EP1290325A1 (de) 2003-03-12
WO2001096726A1 (de) 2001-12-20
JP4856354B2 (ja) 2012-01-18
JP2004503708A (ja) 2004-02-05

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