KR100397524B1 - Manufacturing method of organic liquid fertilizer using wastes of Chinese medicine, agriculture, animal husbandry and seafood - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is to reduce the environmental pollution by recycling herbal medicine waste, agricultural and livestock waste, fish and shellfish waste, and ingredients contained in herbal medicine waste, agricultural and livestock waste, peat, shellfish shellfish, loess, etc. It is an organic composite liquid fertilizer prepared by extracting the liquid into a liquid and compounding the five liquids extracted at an appropriate ratio to produce a liquid fertilizer.

In farms, excessive use of chemical fertilizers has caused the soil to become acidic, reduced intellect, and increased pesticide use due to the development of pests, which threaten ecosystems and discharge without purifying livestock manure.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional defects, and its object is to obtain the components of the herbal medicine from the herbal remnants, agricultural and livestock wastes and peat, and the shellfish of organic matter, manure and fish and shellfish. The organic composite liquid fertilizer is characterized in that the organic complex liquid fertilizer is prepared by mixing five kinds of extract liquids extracted from the lime and the clay from the clay and the mineral component at an appropriate ratio, and then stirring and deodorizing the fermentation process. When fertilized in soil, organic matter and multi-component nutrients in liquid fertilizer are adsorbed on soil for a long time, so acid soils are improved and soil strength is increased to increase crops, increasing yields and reducing pesticide use. It contributes to eco-friendly organic farming, which reduces environmental pollution caused by threats to livestock waste.

Description

Manufacturing method of organic liquid fertilizer using wastes of Chinese medicine, agriculture, livestock and fish and shellfish {omitted}

When using herbal remnants discharged as juice wastes from oriental medicine or health centers as manure composts, unfermented medicinal toxins (herb odors) often occur and crops are weakened, and livestock manure compost produced by fermenting livestock manure Sawdust or rice husk mixed with fermented manure is a fermented sawdust or rice husk is difficult to be fully fermented and is produced as unfermented compost. When this is used as the basis of crops, crops are often killed due to ammonia gas generation, and farmers are reluctant to use them, and livestock wastewater and shellfish shellfish are thrown away, which is a problem as an environmental pollution source.

In addition, over-use of chemical fertilizers in farms cause acidification of soil, decreases in intelligence and causes many pests, resulting in increased environmental damage due to increased pesticide use and the negative consequences of agricultural products. have.

In order to solve the problems described above, the present invention is to extract the herbal liquid contained in the herbal medicine residue, the organic liquid contained in the agricultural and livestock waste and the extract liquid of fertilizer components such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid and kali, and contained in the shell of fish and shellfish. Extraction of extracted calcareous components (more specifically calcium components), extraction liquids of organic and manure components in peat, clay and mineral components of ocher. Organic liquid fertilizer is prepared by combining the above five kinds of extract liquids at an appropriate ratio, and the manufacturing process is herbal medicine waste as raw material, and agricultural and livestock wastes are sorted and mixed, corrosion process, fermentation process and extraction. Shellfish shellfish are washed, fired, decomposed and dissolved, peat is crushed, corroded, fermented and extracted, and yellow soil is crushed, mixed and filtered. The process extracts the liquid containing each raw material component. The compounding process of combining the above five kinds of extract liquids at an appropriate ratio, the deodorizing process of removing the toxic components of the Chinese medicine toxins, livestock manure and peat, and the fermentation process and chemicals to generate microorganisms It is manufactured by the aeration process that reduces the oxygen demand (COD), and recycles waste such as livestock waste water in an environmentally friendly way to produce high-quality organic complex liquid fertilizer for use in farmhouses to effectively improve acidified soil and intellect Increasing the number of crops to increase the growth of crops, reducing the number of pests and reducing the amount of pesticides used to contribute to eco-friendly organic farming.

1 is an extraction process for extracting the ingredients for each material used in the present invention

2 is a process chart for preparing the organic, composite, liquid fertilizer of the present invention

Figure 3 is a graph showing the reduction rate of the chemical oxygen demand according to the aeration time of the present invention

The present invention is a liquid fertilizer in which five kinds of extracts extracted from herbal remedies, agricultural and livestock waste, peat, shellfish of shellfish and ocher, are extracted at an appropriate ratio. In order to effectively extract the material, the straw straw fermented liquid extracted by fermenting rice straw is used as a fermentation agent.

Figure 1 is an extraction process for extracting the components of each material used in the present invention shows an extraction process for each material, Figure 2 is a process chart for producing an organic complex liquid fertilizer by combining the extracted liquid.

Hereinafter, the process will be described in detail by dividing into FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 as follows.

1: Extraction process for extracting the ingredients for each material used in the present invention

(1) Extracting herbal ingredients from herbal herbal remnants

First step: screening process

Only herbal medicine residues are removed by removing herbal medicine residues or herbal medicine bags other than herbal medicine residues.

Second Process: Corrosion Process

Add 10 parts by weight of sodium bicarbonate on the basis of the weight of the herbal medicine residue to the herbal medicine residues (water content of 30 ~ 40%) selected in the above kneading and leave for 20 to 30 hours at 20-30 ℃ temperature, the dough mixture swells . 20 parts by weight of calcium oxide (based on bulge of dregs) and 10 parts by weight of calcium carbonate are added to the mixture so that the mixture is evenly mixed and sealed in an 80 kg plastic bag and left for 5-6 weeks. The reaction generates heat by exothermic action, and the temperature in the plastic bag uniformly rises to 80-90 ° C, causing mold on the herbal remnants and corroding.

Third Process: Fermentation Process

To the corroded herbal remedy residue is added rice straw fermentation liquid extracted from rice straw so that the water content of 80 ~ 90% (後記 prepared by the straw straw fermentation liquid manufacturing process). To make the water content 80 ~ 90%, herbal medicine residue and rice straw fermentation liquid are mixed at a weight ratio of about 1: 1. Then, put into a fermentation tank and sealed with vinyl so that the temperature of the fermentation tank is 30 to 40 ℃ and left for 7 to 8 weeks to ferment with bubbles.

Fourth Process: Extraction Process

Put the fermented herbal medicine dregs into cotton bag and compress them with a high-pressure compressor to extract the extract liquid, and then extract the extract with 200 mesh (screen), and extract ingredients such as ginseng, antler, Angelica, licorice, and licorice in herbal medicine dregs. This containing herbal medicine liquid is extracted.

(2) Extraction process of nutrients from organic matter and crops from agricultural and livestock waste

First step: mixing process

Place organic wastes generated from agricultural by-products such as rice straw, rice husk, rice bran, and sawdust on the bottom of livestock barn, and excrete livestock manure to mix organic waste in 60 ~ 70% by weight and livestock manure in 30-40% by weight. Collect the livestock manure.

Second Process: Corrosion Process

10 parts by weight of sodium bicarbonate is uniformly mixed with 60 to 70% by weight of the organic waste and left to stand at 20 to 30 hours for 20 to 24 hours. The mixture swells to dryness and 20 parts by weight of calcium oxide in the dried mixture. After mixing it uniformly, put it in 80kg plastic bag and leave it for 4 ~ 5 weeks after sealing, and the temperature in the plastic bag rises to 80 ~ 90 ℃ due to the exothermic action of calcium oxide and livestock manure, manure mixed with organic waste ("agricultural and livestock waste" "With the same meaning as mold", causing corrosion.

Third Process: Fermentation Process

The rice straw fermentation liquid is mixed with the corroded agricultural and livestock waste so that the water content is 80 to 90%. In order to have a water content of 80 to 90%, the corroded agricultural and livestock waste and rice straw fermentation liquid are mixed at a weight ratio of about 1: 1. Thereafter, the mixture is placed in a fermentation vessel and sealed with vinyl, and the fermentation vessel is left at a temperature of 30 to 40 ° C. and left for 5 to 6 weeks to ferment with bubbles.

Fourth Process: Extraction Process

The fermented agricultural and livestock waste is put into a plastic net and compressed with a high pressure compressor to filter the extract with 200 mesh sieve to extract the organic livestock liquid containing organic matter and nitrogen phosphate components in the livestock manure.

(3) Lime Extraction Process from Shells of Fish and Shellfish

First step: washing process

One or more shells, such as oyster shells and shells, are placed in a water bath and stirred to remove mud and base attached to the shells.

Second process: firing process

Lay the wire netting under the kiln, fill the shells and firewood selected in the above process with a layered layer, and mix the rice straw cut into 2 ~ 3cm in the ocher with 1/2 of the ocher's volume. And burn the combustion gas outlet, and heat it at the bottom of the kiln with a burner for 2 hours, so that the temperature in the kiln is 700 ~ 800 ℃ and pyrolyze the salinity of shellfish.

Third Step: Grinding and Dissolving

Water is uniformly sprayed and quenched into the calcined shellfish, pulverized with a pulverizer, screened with a 200 mesh sieve, and the shell powder is dissolved in water by adding 2.5-3.0 L of water to 600 g of shell powder. When this is filtered three times, the lime component of the fully dissolved shell is dissolved into a calcite liquid.

(4) Extraction of Organic Matter and Crop Nutrients from Peat

Peat (Peat) is a dark brown humus that is deposited to a thickness of 60-130 cm on an organic soil layer of 90-180 cm. Wood plants (oak, walnut, alder, etc.) and herbaceous plants (reeds, wormwood, ropes, etc.) It is a complex and diverse group of organic matter that is deposited and has a less carbonized structure and its structure is not clear.As a result of physicochemical analysis, the porosity is 70 ~ 80%, the nutrient retention capacity is excellent, and the organic matter is 60 ~ 65%. It contains -26% and has the same effect as compost.

Such peat (Peat) is buried in millions of tons all over the country, including the Honam region, but has not been studied for this situation, so the situation is dead.

Therefore, the peat component is extracted and used in the production of liquid fertilizer as follows.

First step: grinding process

The peat is selected so that it does not contain mud and dried, and then pulverized wood, etc. in the peat with a grinder to form a powder.

Second Process: Corrosion Process

10 parts by weight of sodium bicarbonate was added to the ground peat, and then kneaded and left to stand for 20 to 24 hours. The kneaded mixture was swollen and dried and uniformly mixed with 20 parts by weight of calcium oxide in the dried mixture 80 kg If it is sealed in a plastic bag and left for one week, calcium oxide is exothermic and exothermic and the temperature in the plastic bag rises to 80-90 ° C, causing mold to corrode.

Third Process: Fermentation Process

Put the corroded peat into a fermenter and mix the rice straw fermentation liquid so that the water content is 80-90%, and then seal and leave it at 30 ° C. for 7-8 days to ferment with bubbles.

4th step: Extraction process

The fermented peat is put in cotton bag and compressed by using a high pressure press to extract the extracted liquid through a 200 mesh sieve to extract the organic matter and peat organic liquid containing calcium, magnesium, kali, ash components in peat (pe).

(5) Extraction process of clay and minerals from loess

First step: grinding process

In order to grind the soil mass contained in the loess, the loess is pulverized by a crusher and sorted into 300 mesh bodies to make fine loess.

Second Process: Mixing Process

Add 100 parts by weight of water to the ground loess to make ocher dough and stir for 4 hours with a stirrer to mix the mineral components in the loess.

Third Process: Filtration Process

The ocher is filtered through a 300 mesh sieve to extract ocher mineral liquid containing clay and minerals contained in the ocher.

(6) Rice straw fermented liquid manufacturing process

Rice straw contains organic matter and Bacillus. When straw is decayed, it is composted, and when pressed, compost is generated. Using this change, the rice straw is fermented at high speed by fermentation and fermentation when extracting compost from fermentation of herbal remnants, agricultural and livestock waste, and peat. Extract

First step: cutting process

Choose a straw that has not been infested and cut it with a cutter to 6-10 cm.

Step 12: Corrosion Process

10 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide (based on 100 weights of straw) was added to the cut rice straw, and evenly sprayed with 80% of urea solution at a concentration of 20 to 25%, followed by mixing 10 parts by weight of sodium bicarbonate (based on weight of straw). When left for 24 hours, the rice straw is swollen and soft, and evenly mixed with 20 parts by weight of calcium oxide (based on the weight of rice straw), put it in an 80kg plastic bag, and leave it for 3-4 weeks after sealing. As the temperature in the plastic bag rises to 80-90 ° C, mold occurs on the rice straw and corrodes.

Third Process: Fermentation Process

Put the corroded rice straw in the fermenter, add rainwater to make the water content 80-90%, seal it with vinyl, and leave it at 30-40 ℃ for 3-4 weeks to ferment with bubbles.

4th step: Extraction process

The fermented rice straw is placed in a plastic net and compressed with a high-pressure compressor to extract rice straw fermentation liquid containing organic matter and Bacillus in rice straw. Herbal medicine liquid, animal husbandry organic liquid, shell calcified liquid, peat organic substance extracted by the above process Organic complex liquid fertilizer was prepared by mixing five kinds of liquids of liquid and ocher mineral in an appropriate ratio.

Figure 2 shows a process for producing an organic complex liquid fertilizer of the present invention.

First step: compound process

Five kinds of liquids extracted from the above-mentioned extraction process, herbal medicine liquid, livestock organic liquid, shell lime liquid liquid, peat organic liquid liquid and ocher mineral liquid are mixed in an appropriate ratio and mixed in a stirrer at 30 rpm.

Second Process: Deodorization Process

In order to deodorize odorous components such as Chinese medicine toxin component, livestock manure, ammonia and hydrogenated hydrogen component, the mixed liquid is placed in a deodorization tank and boiled at 80-100 ℃ for 24 hours to evaporate the odor to completely remove harmful components. Water and evaporate to form a concentrated organic fertilizer.

Third Process: Aeration Process

As a result of measuring the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the organic compound liquid fertilizer deodorized as a result of fertilizing it at 1200ppm in the soil, a large amount of oxygen is required to damage the roots of the crop to provide a high quality organic liquid fertilizer Since the chemical oxygen demand (COD) must be sufficiently reduced, the oxygen demand was 34% lowered to 350.7 ppm by aeration for 30 hours to reduce the chemical oxygen demand and to grow microorganisms in the soil. Referring to the graph of FIG. 3, the chemical oxygen requirement of the original liquid fertilizer was reduced to 19.5% to 720.6 ppm after 10 hours of aeration of 10 ppm and 390.5 at 30 hours, 40 hours, and 50 hours. It can be seen that the 30.7% decrease in ppm. From the experimental results, it can be seen that when the aeration time is 30 hours, the appropriate time of the aeration time with the smallest change in the chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction rate is small.

The organic composite liquid fertilizer has a large amount of organic matter and clay, and thus has a large amount of nutrient retention and has a negative charge on the surface thereof, so that crop nutrients such as ammonium ions, kali ions, magnesium ions and calcium ions contained in the liquid fertilizer are attracted to the organic matter and the clay surface. It is an organic compound liquid fertilizer that continuously supplies nutrients to crops because the nutrients in the liquid fertilizer are not washed down in the rainwater or the subsoil because it is absorbed by the soil.

Hereinafter, the use example of the organic composite liquid fertilizer will be described in detail.

<Example>

40% by weight of herbal extract liquid, 20% by weight of agricultural and livestock organic extract liquid, 20% by weight of peat organic extract liquid, 10% by weight of shell lime extract liquid, and 10% by weight of ocher mineral extract liquid The liquid was added to a stirring vessel, stirred at 30 rpm for 3 hours, boiled at 100 ° C. for 24 hours, deodorized, and then aerated for 3 days to prepare an organic complex liquid fertilizer. The result of cultivation was obtained.

The organic liquid fertilizer prepared by the manufacturing method of the present invention can reduce environmental pollution by recycling various kinds of wastes, and as the main components of the organic fertilizer and herbal supplements are added to the soil without using chemical fertilizers, Fertilizers and supplements last for a long time and the intelligence is increased, so the crop grows robustly, thus reducing pesticide use and reducing environmental damage. Liquid fertilizer of the present invention compared to the solid fertilizer using a pump, pipes, hoses to the crop irrigation or side fertilization of the fertilizer is faster and the yield is increased and can produce high-quality agricultural products excellent in taste, sugar, storage of agricultural products Therefore, it is effective to increase incomes to vegetables and flowers house cultivated farms or general farmers, and eco-friendly organic farming.

Claims (2)

It consists of herbal remediation dregs, agricultural and livestock waste, shellfish of shellfish, peat and loess, and ferments each raw material with fermentation agent, extracts the ingredients of raw materials into liquid, and extracts the extract liquid for each raw material. In the preparation of organic liquid fertilizer, the herbal remedial liquor is extracted from fermented rice straw fermented with straw as fermenting agent, and the herbal refining component is extracted by the corrosive process, fermentation process, and extraction process. , Livestock manure liquid is extracted by mixing process, corrosive process, fermentation process, and extraction process, and shellfish of shellfish are extracted shellfish liquefied liquid by washing process, calcination process, and dissolution process. Iii) extract peat organic liquid by pulverization process, corrosion process, fermentation process, extraction process, ocher extract ocher mineral liquid by crushing process, mixing process, filtration process, Standing in the extraction liquid of the extracted five kinds of complex processes, the deodorization process, the organic liquid compound fertilizer manufacturing method characterized in that it produced through the aeration process. The fermentation agent according to claim 1, wherein the fermentation agent for fermenting the raw material is produced by cutting straw, corrosion process, fermentation process, extraction process, and the herbal medicine waste is used as herbal medicine waste or herbal medicine material, and agricultural and livestock waste is livestock manure. A method for producing an organic compound liquid fertilizer, characterized in that the raw material is organic waste of at least one of rice husk, sawdust, rice bran, and rice straw, and the shellfish of the shellfish uses at least one of oyster shell and clam shell as raw materials.