KR100432418B1 - Manufacturing process of granule multinutrient fertilizer using crushed waste shells - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing a composite granular fertilizer using waste shell mill.

Shells discarded from fish and shellfish produced in the southern coast of Korea and livestock bones discharged from slaughterhouses and restaurants are valuable resources and are not properly recycled. Treatment costs are being put in. On the other hand, limestone fertilizer for the purpose of acidified soil improvement and cultivation of pollution-free plants is increasing in demand, but it is not only difficult to crush and remove salt in the production, but also its properties are light powder. In this case, there is a flaw that causes loss due to scattering such as blowing in the wind and environmental pollution. Therefore, in consideration of the advantages, granular fertilizer base materials such as waste fossils are granulated in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. Hei 2-120288. However, this is because it was to be assembled by mixing crushing by the countercurrent high-speed mixing, there was a drawback of not only the burden on the facility cost but also uneven particle size.

The present invention has been invented to solve the above problems, the gist of the present invention is to prepare a granular composite fertilizer using the waste shell mill, the composition ratio of the raw material is 300 ~ 500 ℃ waste shell which plays an important role in soil improvement and plant growth Powders pulverized by burning fired fossils (original calcium) and livestock wastes at 300-500 ° C, finely divided into fine powders of magnesium oxide (MgO) and binders, which are the only mineral elements constituting salt neutralization and chlorophyll. The silicate (SiO ₂ ) fine powder was prepared in a 50: 18: 30: 2% weight ratio and premixed, and then water (H ₂ O) was added to the binder as 8 to 12% by weight and granulated in granulated form.粒) to set the stirring speed (600, 1000, 1400rpm in case of agitator, 1200rpm in case of chopper) in the stirring vane and disintegrating vane installed in the assembly system. Granule composite fertilizers with a diameter of about 0.5 to 5 mm were obtained by drying and packaging the granules, which were granulated as well as soil improvement and plant growth. Poetry is to prevent the lungs scattered by the wind.

Description

Manufacturing process of granule multinutrient fertilizer using crushed waste shells}

The present invention relates to a method for producing a composite granular fertilizer using waste shell mill.

Shells discarded from fish and shellfish mass-produced in the south coast of Korea and livestock bones emitted from slaughterhouses and restaurants are valuable resources, but they are left unattended without proper recycling. Treatment costs are being put in.

On the other hand, mineral fertilizers such as limestone fertilizers are increasing in demand for the purpose of soil improvement and plant cultivation.However, such inorganic fertilizers have difficulties in grinding and desalination in the production of products, and their properties are light in weight. It is made of powder, and when it is fertilized by mechanical equipment, there are many problems such as loss due to scattering such as blowing in the wind and environmental pollution caused by it. ) Is known from Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 2-120288, but this is not only an overburden on the production equipment but also an uneven particle size due to the assembly by countercurrent high speed mixing. There was a flaw.

The present invention has been invented to solve the above problems, the present invention is a powder that is pulverized by calcining bone obtained from waste fossil (auxiliary calcium) and livestock waste obtained by firing shells that play an important role in acid soil improvement and plant growth and the salt neutralized and the water-soluble silicate (SiO ₂₎ powder as a binder to the magnesium (MgO) powder oxide, which plays an important role in the chlorophyll configuration respectively 50: 18: 30: the tap water (H ₂ after the composition of the pre-blended with 2% by weight In order to assemble 8 to 12% by weight of O) as a binder and granulate the agitated granules (pellets), after assembling work for a predetermined time by appropriately setting the rotational speeds of predetermined stirring blades and disintegrating blades installed in the assembly system thereof, By drying and packaging this, granular fertilizer having a diameter of 0.5 to 5 mm ( Φ ) can be obtained.

1 is a manufacturing process display of the present invention

※ Explanation of code for important part of drawing

1. Raw material weighing process 2. Pre-mixing process 3. Binder input process

4. Granule (pellet) assembly process 4-1. Sampling Process 5. Assembled (Granulated) Product Recovery Process

5-1. Granulator cleaning and drying process 6. Assembly drying process

7. Inspection (Assembly Properties Measurement) Process 7-1. Sampling process 8. Product packaging completion process

The raw material composition ratio and manufacturing process will be described in detail as follows.

First, the composition ratio of raw materials is 50% by weight of waste lime powder obtained by firing shells at 300 to 500 ° C, 18% by weight of bone ash obtained by firing livestock waste at 300 to 500 ° C, and magnesium oxide, the only mineral raw material that constitutes salt neutralization and chlorophyll. (MgO) To 30% by weight fine powder, as a binder ₂ % by weight of water-soluble silicic acid (SiO ₂ ) fine powder and an appropriate amount (8 to 12% by weight of the immersion) as a water (H ₂ O), but in the case of composite fertilizer What is necessary is just to add the appropriate amount of inorganic fertilizer according to the compound fertilizer manufacturing process.

In the manufacturing process, the raw material weighing step (1), premixing step (2), binder input step (3), granulation (pellet) step (4), sampling step (4-1), assembly recovery step (5) ), Assembly machine cleaning and drying process (5-1), assembly drying process (6), assembly inspection (property measurement) process (7), sampling process (7-1), product completion and packaging process (8). . In addition, granulation here means using the humidified dough-like raw material to produce the particle | grains which have a substantially uniform form and size.

Hereinafter, the manufacturing process of the present invention will be described in detail.

In the raw material weighing step (1), which is the first step, 50% by weight of waste shell ash (original calcium) powder, 18% by weight of livestock waste bone (bone powder), 30% by weight of magnesium oxide (MgO) powder, and water-soluble silicic acid (SiO ₂ ) Weigh 2% by weight.

In the preliminary mixing process (2) which is a 2nd process, what was obtained in the 1st process is put into a mixer, and it premixes in 300 rpm range.

[0116] In the binder In a step (3) In the third step to a second step of water (H ₂ O) of 8-12% by weight as a binding agent to the pre-mixed mixture at a sufficiently kneading to be different colloid.

In the assembling step (4), which is the fourth step, the colloidal kneaded product obtained in the third step is stirred and assembled using a high speed stirrer type granulator equipped with a rotary blade and a crushing blade, and at the blade rotation speed (rpm) of the agitator, In case of 600, 1,000, 1,400rpm, adjust and chopper, 1,200rpm.

In this process, the sampling process (4-1) is interposed, and when this is performed, the whole assembly is divided into three parts, and each assembly is sampled by 1g, and the time is performed in units of 30, 60, 120, and 240 seconds. do.

In the assembly recovery | recovery process 5 which is 5th process, what was assembled at the 4th process is collect | recovered. At this time, the washing | cleaning and drying process (5-1) of collection | recovery and simultaneous granulator are implemented.

In the granulated product drying step as the sixth step, natural drying (normal temperature) of the granulated product obtained in the fifth step is performed.

In the assembly inspection (performance measurement) which is a 7th process, in the process (7), the assembly obtained by the 5th process

(A) Particle size distribution (sieving, microscopy)

(B) Shape (microscopy)

(C) density (density, true density, multi-tester)

(D) Conduct multi-tester and chemical composition analysis (XRF).

In the eighth step product completion step (8), the product passed in the performance test of the seventh step is packaged in a bag according to the intended use and packaged.

In carrying out the present invention configured as described above,

1) In terms of the physical properties of the product, since fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium are mixed with each fertilizer, problems that may occur due to other characteristics after mixing or during granulation should be fully considered. Granules should also be taken to maintain strength and shape suitable for use as a product for storage and fertilization. And unlike the conventional fertilizer or compound fertilizer to have a moderate efficacy in the soil after fertilization it is a compound fertilized in granular form. Therefore, the present invention provides an optimal assembly prescription and assembly method for mechanical fertilization, and according to this method, not only mechanical fertilization can be prevented but also a closed end scattered by wind during fertilization.

2) And in terms of production (operation) cost, the present invention is a high speed added composite granulation process that generates high added value from the recycling of waste resources. By making the best use of it, the stirring blades and the disintegrating blades can be added to control the rotational speed thereof, thereby reducing operating costs.

3) Hereinafter, an embodiment of the compounding ratio will be described.

Properties of Standard Prescription and Fertilizer Raw Materials for the Assembly of Composite Granules

Here, the original calcium is a powder obtained by washing the waste shells (mainly scallop shells, oyster shells, etc.) to remove salts, sintering at 300-500 ° C. in a kiln, and then pulverizing them with a hammer mill. The ash is the ash remaining after incineration at 300-500 ° C., which is already used as a fertilizer with MgO powder. And fine powder water-soluble silicic acid was selected as a binder at the time of granulation.

In the above examples, the true density, density, and water content data measured directly together with the blending ratio were written together, and the literatures on the true density of MgO and water-soluble silicic acid were measured at 3.65 g / cm ^{3 and} 2.00 g / cm ^3, respectively. The value shown is somewhat small.

In addition, the true density of the mixed powder of the four fertilizer raw materials for the composition was calculated by the following equation since the original true density is defined as the weight of the raw material of the volume of the raw material.

True density of mixed powder = (total mass of compound powder) / (sum of volumes of each raw material (sample))

= 300 / (150 / 2.54 + 54 / 2.72 + 90 / 1.69 + 6 / 2.31)

= 2.24 g / cm ³

The chemical composition of the above fertilizer components and assembly was analyzed by XRF and ICP / AES three times and averaged. Table 2 shows the results of ICP analysis centering on calcium (Ca), potassium (K) and phosphorus (P). will be.

Table 1. Results of XRF measurement for analysis of chemical composition of each fertilizer (sample) are as follows.

Note: The above results are measured by Program Name (SemiQ).

Errors may be slightly more than quantitation.

Table 2. ICP component analysis results for each fertilizer (sample)

Calcium is the main ingredient of the raw material and bone meal also contains a lot of calcium, but also contains phosphorus (P).

Since the ICP analysis method of Table 2 was limited to the analysis item of the table, other components are not shown.

As a result of the assembly experiment conducted according to the above formulation, the range of significant change of the experimental parameters was 600 rpm, 1,000 rpm, 1,400 rpm, the addition amount of the binder was 8 ml to 15 ml, the assembly time was 15 seconds, 30 seconds, 60 seconds, 120 seconds, 240 seconds, 480 seconds.

The binder used in the granulation was added in such a manner as to be uniformly administered evenly on the mixed raw material (sample) premixed with tap water, and it had sufficient strength of the granulated product even without special addition other than powder-soluble silicic acid. And the investigation into the binder commonly used in the manufacture of the binding of the fertilizer is shown in Table 3 below.

Table 3. Wet assembly binders for the fertilizer industry

4) In the results and considerations

The average diameter (diameter) of the granules obtained as a result of a series of stirring granulation experiments is summarized together with the granulation experiment conditions as shown in Table 4 below.

Table 4. Days of assembly average diameter according to assembly test conditions and assembly time

The average diameter of the granulated composite granules when the amount of the binder added was changed from 8% by weight to 15% by weight was measured by using an optical microscope by suspending the granulator during assembly and taking 1 g samples from three places in the assembly tank. do. It can be seen that the average diameter changes sensitively to the change in the amount of water as the binder. And the influence of the rotational speed on the average diameter of the composition was investigated. The increase in the mean diameter along with the increase of the assembly time tended to be the same as the tendency for the change in the amount of binder added. In other words, the increase in the average diameter due to consolidation between 600 rpm and 1000 rpm, and between 600 rpm and 1000 rpm between 600 rpm and 1400 rpm was achieved at a high speed of 1400 rpm than the binding force of the binder at 1000 rpm and 1400 rpm. It was found that the breaking force due to the collision between the waters was rather large, resulting in a dynamic equilibrium due to the equilibrium of the binding force and the breaking force of the binder.

5) When comparing the yield of the final assembly according to the assembly conditions are as follows.

The assembly mechanism of the stirring granulation can be represented by four areas. That is, region 1 is a process of forming agglomerates and nuclei, region 2 is a process of growing on granulated particles, region 3 is a process of sizing, and region 4 is a process of growing granulated particles.

6) And the inclined surface granulator adopted by the present invention has a main agitator horizontally in the center of the assembly tank and a chopper rotating horizontally on the horizontal axis at the side of the assembly tank. In the stirring granulation method, the aggregation (assembly) of the target material is caused by the intergranular adhesion force due to the surface tension and capillary fit by liquid crosslinking, the bonding force of the binder, the shearing by the driving of the granulator, and the rolling action.

Therefore, the physical properties of the granules, for example, particle characteristics such as particle size distribution, particle shape, density or granular yield, may be affected by the addition rate of the binder liquid, the type (viscosity) of the binder, the wettability between the powder and the binder, and the operating conditions of the granulator. do.

In this section, through the consideration of the influence of each person, it is provided as a self-discovery know-how about the design and operation of the actual process.

In consideration of the influence of the addition rate of the binder, the determination of the addition rate of the binder is most important in the stirring granulation method and the rolling granulation method, and the state of filling of the solid and liquid is preferable. Therefore, in the stirring assembly, there is a case where the proper addition rate is often present in the funicular region like the extrusion granulation method.

In the experiment of the present invention, it was most suitable to determine the addition rate of the binder in the boundary region of the funicular region and the capillary region to obtain early granules before and after 3 mm.

In consideration of the influence of other operating conditions, the rotational speed of the main agitator and the rotational speed of the chopper, the blade shape and the assembly time may be mentioned. All of them are related to the strength, weakness, shear, rolling, consolidation and crushing of liquid cross-linking between particles. Here, in particular, the influence of the rotational speed of the stirring blades on the effect on the particle size distribution of the granulated product 1) At the rotational speed of the stirring blades, the effect of the granulation operation on the particle size distribution of the granulated product without the rotating blades In the influence of the rotational speed, the particle size distribution tended to approach the lognormal distribution as the rotational speed of the stirring speed increased.

In addition, when the rotation speed of the stirring blade is a high speed it can be seen that less granules of any specific size. In this fact, when the stirring blade is rotated at a high speed, in addition to the electric action, the disintegrating wing also acts, making the coarse particles finer and making the particles even in size. I found it good.

② By rotating the disintegrating blade in the rotation speed of the disintegrating blade, it can be seen that the granulated particles having a certain particle size are disintegrated and the particle size distribution is close to the lognormal distribution. In addition, the particle size distribution by the sizing effect was evened out, or, in particular, at high speeds, a rolling action was also applied to increase the granulated particles.

③ As described above, these various actions suggest that they can act positively or negatively by complementary rotational speeds of the stirring blades and the disintegrating blades. Had to find.

④ And since the wettability of the binder in the raw material powder is a factor directly affecting the strength of the liquid cross-linking between particles and its distribution, that is, the adhesion (cohesive force), the smaller the contact angle θ of the raw material powder used for stirring granulation, the easier it is to be wetted in the binding liquid. Since the particle size distribution of the granules obtained by the high-speed stirring granulation experiment using the chemical powders with different connection angles θ is significantly different, the median diameter of the granules decreases as the contact angle θ becomes larger. Therefore, in the case of using the raw material powder that is easy to wet, the formation of liquid crosslinking between particles becomes good, so that the desired granulated product can be effectively obtained.

9) As described above, the present invention is based on 50% by weight, 18% by weight, and 30% by weight of the powdered ash ash of the shell and the calcined ash ash of the bovine bone and MgO powder, respectively, as the binder, 2% by weight of powder-soluble silicic acid as a binder. After premixing in a high speed stirrer, using a tap water as a binder, a series of granulation experiments are performed to change the granulation experiment conditions such as the amount or addition rate of the binder, the rotational speed and the composition time of the stirring blade, and the characteristics of the granules, namely particle size distribution, shape, In constructing the correlation between density and experimental factors of granules, ① As a binder for the assembly prescription, it can be used as tap water, and the addition rate is in the range of 10% by weight, and 1 ~ 2% by weight in consideration of the moisture content according to the season of the raw material. 2, the rotational speed of the stirring blade has the effect of increasing the granulated particles by the rolling action and the breaking effect of the coarse particles by the crushing action. It was confirmed that it could occur at the same time, and it was necessary to pay attention to the operation of the actual production process. ③ With the increase of the assembly time, it was confirmed that it was assembled into more compact and spherical composite granules.

④ By utilizing the particle design technique of the granular material, it is possible to utilize the technology to create more value-added products and apply it to the field.

As described above, the present invention is a kind of waste resources, so that the waste shell and livestock waste bone meal, which are raised as a problem of social pollution, are used as fertilizer to create a good environment for soil improvement and plant growth. As a constituent component, not only magnesium chloride, which is the only mineral element, was added, but it was also assembled into a compound granular fertilizer of about 1 to 5 mm using a high-speed stirrer with a rotary blade and a disintegrating blade so as not to be scattered by the wind during mechanical fertilization. It is a very useful invention because it can greatly contribute to pollution prevention and waste resource recycling.

Claims (4)

In the preparation of composite granulated fertilizer using waste shell mill, the blending ratio of the raw materials is 50% by weight of waste shell ash (original calcium), 18% by weight of livestock waste bone meal (bone flour), and 30% by weight of fine magnesium oxide (MgO) powder. A method for producing a composite granular fertilizer using waste shells, characterized in that the composition is composed of 2% by weight of water-soluble silicic acid (SiO ₂ ) fine powder as a binder. The process according to claim 1, wherein the manufacturing process is carried out using a raw material (sample) weighing step (1), a preliminary mixing step (2), a binder input step (3), a high speed stirrer with a rotating blade and a disintegrating blade (4). , The assembly sampling process (4-1), assembly recovery process (5), assembly machine washing and drying process (5-1), assembly drying process (6), product completion and packaging process (8) Method for producing a composite granule fertilizer using a lung shell characterized in that. delete delete