JPWO2018124190A1 - 層状複水酸化物を用いた浄水装置および浄水方法 - Google Patents
層状複水酸化物を用いた浄水装置および浄水方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2018124190A1 JPWO2018124190A1 JP2018559584A JP2018559584A JPWO2018124190A1 JP WO2018124190 A1 JPWO2018124190 A1 JP WO2018124190A1 JP 2018559584 A JP2018559584 A JP 2018559584A JP 2018559584 A JP2018559584 A JP 2018559584A JP WO2018124190 A1 JPWO2018124190 A1 JP WO2018124190A1
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- Prior art keywords
- layered double
- double hydroxide
- water
- water purification
- solid
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 168
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract description 162
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 33
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 25
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 23
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 15
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 14
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- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229940091250 magnesium supplement Drugs 0.000 description 10
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 10
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- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 8
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229910019089 Mg-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- OWTFKEBRIAXSMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenite(3-) Chemical compound [O-][As]([O-])[O-] OWTFKEBRIAXSMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940000489 arsenate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-K Arsenate3- Chemical compound [O-][As]([O-])([O-])=O DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005349 anion exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052599 brucite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229940050906 magnesium chloride hexahydrate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000002681 magnesium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- DHRRIBDTHFBPNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dichloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] DHRRIBDTHFBPNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000012254 magnesium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- WUUHFRRPHJEEKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripotassium borate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] WUUHFRRPHJEEKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- JGDITNMASUZKPW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.Cl[Al](Cl)Cl JGDITNMASUZKPW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940063656 aluminum chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- B01J20/08—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04 comprising aluminium oxide or hydroxide; comprising bauxite
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
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Abstract
Description
製造方法等が異なる3種類の層状複水酸化物1〜3を準備し、X線回折測定を行って、シェラーの式により結晶子サイズを計算した。その結果を表1に示す。
(1)層状複水酸化物1
和光純薬株式会社製の層状複水酸化物(販売元コード:324−87435)を層状複水酸化物1とした。
(2)層状複水酸化物2
まず、塩化マグネシウム六水和物(和光純薬工業株式会社製)16.92gと塩化アルミニウム六水和物(和光純薬工業株式会社製)10.06gを26.98gの蒸留水に溶解させ、酸性溶液を調製する。また、水酸化ナトリウム(和光純薬工業株式会社製)10gを30gの蒸留水に溶解させ、アルカリ性溶液を調製する。次いで、当該酸性溶液とアルカリ溶液を混合し、当該混合溶液に281.85gの蒸留水を、時間をおかず速やかに添加して、pH7.5−8.5に調整した。続いて、当該溶液を濾過し、得られた濾過物を120℃で10時間乾燥したものを層状複水酸化物2とした。
(3)層状複水酸化物3
まず、塩化マグネシウム六水和物(和光純薬工業株式会社製)15.10gと塩化鉄六水和物(和光純薬工業株式会社製)10.06gを25.16gの蒸留水に溶解させ、酸性溶液を調製する。また、水酸化ナトリウム(和光純薬工業株式会社製)8.9gを14.28gの蒸留水に溶解させ、アルカリ性溶液を調製する。次いで、当該酸性溶液とアルカリ溶液を混合し、当該混合溶液に258.0gの蒸留水を、時間をおかず速やかに添加して、pH7.5−8.5に調整した。続いて、当該溶液を濾過し、得られた濾過物を120℃で10時間乾燥したものを層状複水酸化物3とした。
層状複水酸化物1〜3について、それぞれの比表面積を測定した。比表面積の測定は、各層状複水酸化物の粉体粒子表面に窒素ガスを液体窒素の温度(−196℃)で吸着させ、その量からBET法によって計算した。その結果を表2に示す。
層状複水酸化物2(Mg-Al型)と層状複水酸化物3(Mg-Fe型)とにおけるヒ素吸着能の違いを確認するため、初期濃度を一定にして等温吸着試験を実施した。実験は実施例3に記載の方法に準じて行い、層状複水酸化物の添加量は0.5gとした。
2 固液分離部
3 連通管
10 下段容器
11 層状複水酸化物フィルタ部
12 活性炭フィルタ部
13 活性炭フィルタ部
13a 連通孔
20 上段容器
30 蓋部
31 下部連通管
32 上部連通管
32a 小孔
39 連結部
100 浄水装置
Claims (24)
- 汚染水から汚染物質を除去するための浄水装置であって、
前記汚染水と固形物を分離する固液分離部と、
前記固液分離部で分離した汚染水が含有する汚染物質を層状複水酸化物で除去する汚染物質除去部と、
を具備することを特徴とする浄水装置。 - 前記固液分離部は、前記層状複水酸化物の汚染物質吸着能を低下させる固形物を分離するものであることを特徴とする請求項1記載の浄水装置。
- 前記固液分離部は、前記汚染水から鉄、ヒ素、マンガンのいずれか1以上を析出させる触媒としての機能を有する濾過フィルタからなることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の浄水装置。
- 前記固液分離部は、セラミックフィルタ又はポリプロピレンフィルタであることを特徴とする請求項1ないし3のいずれかに記載の浄水装置。
- 前記汚染物質はヒ素であり、前記汚染物質除去部はヒ素を除去するものであることを特徴とする請求項1ないし4のいずれかに記載の浄水装置。
- 前記層状複水酸化物は、層状複水酸化物と水とを含む材料から含水率が70%以下になるまで所定の圧力をかけて水分を除去した後、温度が90℃以上110℃以下でかつ湿度が90%以上となる条件下で乾燥して製造された粒状体であることを特徴とする請求項10ないし5のいずれかに記載の浄水装置。
- 前記粒状体は、含水率が10%以上であることを特徴とする請求項6記載の浄水装置。
- 前記粒状体は、粒径が0.24mm以上であることを特徴とする請求項6又は7記載の浄水装置。
- 前記層状複水酸化物は、層状複水酸化物を成型した成形体であることを特徴とする請求項1ないし5のいずれかに記載の浄水装置。
- 前記層状複水酸化物は、一般式がM2+ 1-xM3+ x(OH)2(An-)x/n・mH2O(ここで、M2+はMg2+又はFe2+、M3+はAl3+又はFe3+、An-はn価の陰イオン、0<x<1、m>0)で表されるものであることを特徴とする請求項1ないし9のいずれかに記載の浄水装置。
- 前記層状複水酸化物は、結晶子サイズが20nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1ないし10のいずれかに記載の浄水装置。
- 前記汚染物質除去部は、前記層状複水酸化物に吸着しない成分を除去可能な濾過材を有することを特徴とする請求項1ないし11のいずれかに記載の浄水装置。
- 汚染水から汚染物質を除去するための浄水方法であって、
前記汚染水と固形物を分離する固液分離工程と、
前記固液分離工程で分離した汚染水を層状複水酸化物に供給する汚染水供給工程と、
前記汚染水供給工程で供給された汚染水が含有する汚染物質を前記層状複水酸化物で除去する汚染物質除去工程と、
を有することを特徴とする浄水方法。 - 前記固液分離工程は、前記層状複水酸化物の汚染物質吸着能を低下させる固形物を分離する工程であることを特徴とする請求項13記載の浄水方法。
- 前記固液分離工程は、前記汚染水から鉄、ヒ素、マンガンのいずれか1以上を析出させる触媒としての機能を有する濾過フィルタを用いて行うことを特徴とする請求項13又は14記載の浄水方法。
- 前記固液分離工程は、セラミックフィルタ又はポリプロピレンフィルタを用いて行うことを特徴とする請求項13ないし15のいずれかに記載の浄水方法。
- 前記汚染物質はヒ素であり、前記汚染物質除去工程はヒ素を除去する工程であることを特徴とする請求項13ないし16のいずれかに記載の浄水方法。
- 前記層状複水酸化物は、層状複水酸化物と水とを含む材料から含水率が70%以下になるまで所定の圧力をかけて水分を除去した後、温度が90℃以上110℃以下でかつ湿度が90%以上となる条件下で乾燥して製造された粒状体であることを特徴とする請求項13ないし17のいずれかに記載の浄水方法。
- 前記粒状体は、含水率が10%以上であることを特徴とする請求項18記載の浄水方法。
- 前記粒状体は、粒径が0.24mm以上であることを特徴とする請求項18又は19記載の浄水方法。
- 前記層状複水酸化物は、層状複水酸化物を成型した成形体であることを特徴とする請求項13ないし17のいずれかに記載の浄水方法。
- 前記層状複水酸化物は、一般式がM2+ 1-xM3+ x(OH)2(An-)x/n・mH2O(ここで、M2+はMg2+又はFe2+、M3+はAl3+又はFe3+、An-はn価の陰イオン、0<x<1、m>0)で表されるものであることを特徴とする請求項13ないし21のいずれかに記載の浄水方法。
- 前記層状複水酸化物は、結晶子サイズが20nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項13ないし22のいずれかに記載の浄水方法。
- 少なくとも前記汚染物質除去工程の前又は後のいずれかにおいて、前記層状複水酸化物に吸着しない成分を除去する汚染物質除去補助工程を有することを特徴とする請求項13ないし23のいずれかに記載の浄水方法。
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