JPWO2016076100A1 - 処置具及び処置システム - Google Patents
処置具及び処置システム Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
一方、1対の挟持面間に生体組織を挟持した状態でエネルギを付加して処置対象の生体組織を切開等、処置する際には、生体組織の一部に他の部分よりも大きな圧力を付加して生体組織を処置し易くすることが求められている。
コントローラ14には処置具12に付与するエネルギのON/OFFを切り替えるペダル16aを有するフットスイッチ16が接続されている。処置具12とコントローラ14との間は第1ケーブル18aにより電気的に接続され、コントローラ14とフットスイッチ16との間は第2ケーブル18bにより電気的に接続されている。フットスイッチ16はペダル16aの操作等によりコントローラ14に信号を入力することが可能であり、コントローラ14はフットスイッチ16のペダル16aの操作等に基づいて処置具12に付与するエネルギを制御可能である。
フットスイッチ16のペダル16aを術者が操作することにより、コントローラ14から外科用処置具12へのエネルギの供給のON/OFFが切り換えられる。ペダル16aが押圧されているときには、後述する発熱体72を発熱させて処置体(熱膨張部材)70及び第1挟持部66に伝熱させ、ペダル16aを解放すると、発熱体72へのエネルギの供給が停止される。
なお、フットスイッチ16の代わりに、又は、フットスイッチ16とともに、図示しないハンドスイッチを用いても良いことはもちろんである。
なお、フットスイッチ16とコントローラ14の制御部22とが電気的に接続された状態でフットスイッチ16のペダル16aが押圧されると、発熱体駆動回路24から後述する発熱体72にエネルギが出力される。このとき、制御部22は、発熱体駆動回路24から発熱体72に出力されるエネルギを調整して、発熱体72の温度(単位時間当たりの上昇温度及び最高温度)を調整可能である。
なお、第1挟持部66には発熱体72からの熱(熱エネルギ)が伝熱される。このため、エネルギが供給されて発熱体72が発熱させられると、第1挟持面66aに伝熱可能であり、第1挟持面66aの温度は上昇する。
第1挟持部66に配設される処置体70は、良好な熱伝導性を有する、例えばアルミニウム合金(熱膨張率:23.1×E−6[1/K])が用いられる。すなわち、処置体70の熱膨張率は、第1挟持部66の熱膨張率に比べて20倍から30倍程度大きい。このため、発熱体72が発熱すると、処置体70の処置面70bの温度が上昇するとともに、処置体70が第1挟持部66に比べて膨張する。すなわち、処置体70は発熱体72の熱エネルギが伝熱されると膨張する素材で形成されている。
発熱体72から処置体70にエネルギが出力されている(すなわち、処置体70に熱が伝達されている)場合、第1挟持部66の第1挟持面66aに対する処置体70の処置面70bの最大突出量(第2突出量)P2は、第1突出量P1よりも例えば1ミリメートルから数ミリメートル程度大きいことが好ましい。なお、第2突出量P2は必ずプラスとなり、処置体70の処置面70bは、第1挟持部66の第1挟持面66aに対して突出した状態にある。
第2挟持部68の挟持面68aには、幅方向Xの略中央に、挟持面68aから第2ジョー64に向かって凹部69が形成されている。凹部69は、長手方向Yに沿って適宜の長さに形成されていることが好ましい。ここでは、図6Aに示すように、凹部69は、第2挟持部68の先端と基端との間に形成されている。
弾性部材76には、例えばセラミックファイバーを用いた耐熱ペーパーを用いることができる。セラミックファイバーは、1000℃以上の高い耐熱性を有し、処置体70の処置面70bの温度に耐えることができる。耐熱ペーパーは編み込んでペーパー状に形成されて形成されている。この耐熱ペーパーは、フェルト生地のように柔らかく、弾性を有する。
また、弾性部材76には、スチールウールのように金属材製の細線を丸めた部材を耐熱性部材として用いることができる。ただし、鉄製のスチールウールは加熱すると酸化して発火するおそれがあるので、ステンレス鋼材を用いることが好ましい。
コントローラ14の発熱体駆動回路24は、例えば数秒間(例えば最大で10秒程度)だけ発熱体72にエネルギを付加して発熱体72を発熱させた後、エネルギの供給を一旦、自動的に停止させるように制御される。
ここでは、生体組織L1,L2が切開される際、処置体70の処置面70bの少なくとも一部は、第2挟持部68の挟持面68aに配置された弾性部材76に当接する。弾性部材76が弾性変形することにより、処置体70の処置面70bと弾性部材76との間に隙間が形成され難い。したがって、弾性部材76の存在により、生体組織の切れ残りを極力防止することができる。また、弾性部材76は耐熱性を有するとともに、弾性を有するので、当接による力を吸収する。このため、弾性部材76は、処置体70の処置面70bに対して負荷をかけるのを防止することができる。
また、生体組織L1,L2の厚さは均一ではない。このため、処置体70の処置面70bから第2挟持部68の挟持面68aに配設された弾性部材76に、Z方向に対してずれた方向から力が加えられることがある。このとき、弾性部材76により、第2挟持部68及び第2ジョー64に無理な力が加えられるのが極力防止される。
この実施形態では、第1挟持部66に対して、処置体70の熱膨張率が数十倍のものを用いている。発熱体72から第1挟持部66及び処置体70にそれぞれ熱エネルギを付加しない状態では、処置体70の処置面70bが挟持面66aに対する突出量P1を面一又は僅かに突出する程度にしている。このため、生体組織を第1挟持部66の挟持面66a及び処置体70の処置面70bと、第2挟持部68の挟持面68a及び弾性部材76との間に挟持したときに、特に、第1挟持部66の挟持面66aの幅方向Xの中央位置で生体組織に負荷をかけるのを防止することができる。
図8A及び図8Bに示すように、この実施形態では、処置体70は、第1及び第2ブレード82,84を有する。第1及び第2ブレード82,84は互いに異なる熱膨張率を有する金属材や耐熱性樹脂材で形成されている。この実施形態では、第1及び第2ブレード82,84は、幅方向Xに隣接している。このとき、第1及び第2ブレード82,84は、互いに接触していても良く、離間していても良い。
発熱体72にエネルギは供給されておらず、又は、エネルギの供給が停止された状態で、図8Aに示すように、挟持部66,68の挟持面66a,68a間で生体組織L1,L2を挟持する。このとき、第1挟持部66の挟持面66aに対する処置体70の処置面86a,86bまでの距離、すなわち、第1突出量P1は互いに略同一である。
生体組織L1,L2を第1挟持部66の挟持面66a及び処置体70の処置面70bと、第2挟持部68の挟持面68a及び弾性部材76との間に挟持したとき、生体組織L1,L2の種類(例えば、胃や肝臓等の臓器の種類)により、第1挟持部66の挟持面66aの幅方向Xの中央位置で生体組織L1,L2に付加をかけるのを防止することができる。このため、この変形例の処置部52を用いても、生体組織L1,L2の種類によっては、挟持により生体組織L1,L2に付加をかけるのを防止することができる。
図9A及び図9Bに示すように、この実施形態では、処置体70は、中央の第1ブレード(熱膨張部材)92と、その両側に隣接する第2及び第3ブレード(突出体)94,96とを有する。第1ブレード92と、第2及び第3ブレード94,96は互いに異なる熱膨張率を有する金属材や耐熱性樹脂材で形成されている。この実施形態では、第1ブレード92は、幅方向Xの略中央(符号C(図3参照)上)にある。第2及び第3ブレード94,96は第1ブレード92に隣接している。このとき、第1ブレード92に対して第2ブレード94は、互いに接触していても良く、離間していても良い。同様に、第1ブレード92に対して第3ブレード96は、互いに接触していても良く、離間していても良い。
第1ブレード102と第2ブレード104との間、第1ブレード102と第3ブレード106との間はそれぞれ摺動可能に接触していることが好ましい。第1から第3ブレード102,104,106は、互いに協働して処置面110を形成する。処置面110は、第1ブレード102に形成された第1処置面110aと、第2ブレード104に形成された第2処置面110bと、第3ブレード106に形成された第3処置面110cとを有する。
この変形例の形状記憶合金108には例えばTi−Ni合金が用いられる。形状記憶合金108は適宜の温度(例えば90℃程度)に加熱されると、記憶された形状に戻る性質を発揮するように調整することができる。
図13に示すガイド溝184と、図14に示すステープル変形溝192とは、それぞれ対向する位置に形成されている。
第1実施形態で説明したように、熱エネルギを用いて生体組織を処置する。
Claims (15)
- 第1挟持面を有する第1挟持部と、
前記第1挟持面に対向し、前記第1挟持面と協働して生体組織を挟持する第2挟持面を有する第2挟持部と、
前記第1挟持部に設けられ、前記第1及び第2挟持面の間に前記生体組織を挟持した状態で、熱エネルギの供給が停止されているときに前記第1挟持面に対して第1突出量だけ突出し、前記熱エネルギの供給に応じて前記第1挟持面に対して前記第1突出量よりも突出する第2突出量となり、前記第1突出量から前記第2突出量に至る際に前記生体組織に対する圧力を上昇させて前記熱エネルギの作用と協働して前記生体組織を処置する処置面を有する処置体と
を具備する処置具。 - 前記処置体の前記処置面は、前記第1挟持部の長手方向に沿って延出され、前記処置体が前記熱エネルギの供給に応じて前記第1突出量から前記第2突出量に至る際に前記処置面で前記熱エネルギの作用と協働して前記生体組織を切開する、請求項1に記載の処置具。
- 前記処置体の前記処置面は、前記第1挟持部の長手方向に沿って適宜の長さを有するとともに、前記処置面の前記長手方向の長さよりも短く前記第1挟持部の前記長手方向に直交する幅方向の幅に対して小さい幅を有する、請求項1に記載の処置具。
- 前記処置体は、前記熱エネルギの供給に応じて膨張する熱膨張部材で形成されている、請求項1に記載の処置具。
- 前記処置体は、前記熱エネルギの供給により変形する変形部材と、前記変形部材の変形に応じて前記第1挟持面に対して略垂直方向に移動する移動部材とを有する、請求項1に記載の処置具。
- 前記処置体は、
前記熱エネルギの供給により前記処置面が第1突出量から前記第2突出量に至る熱膨張部材と、
前記熱膨張部材に隣接し、前記第1挟持面に対して前記第1突出量だけ突出し前記生体組織を支持する支持面を有する突出体と
を有する、請求項1に記載の処置具。 - 前記処置体は、前記熱膨張部材に対して前記突出体とは反対側の位置に隣接し、前記第1挟持面に対して前記第1突出量だけ突出し前記生体組織を支持する支持面を有する他の突出体をさらに有する、請求項6に記載の処置具。
- 前記第2挟持面は、前記熱エネルギが供給された状態の前記処置体の温度に対する耐熱性を有し前記処置体の処置面を受ける弾性部材を有する、請求項1に記載の処置具。
- 前記第1挟持部が配設され、前記第1挟持面と前記第2挟持面とを近接及び離隔させることが可能なジョーをさらに具備する、請求項1に記載の処置具。
- 前記第2挟持部が配設され、前記第1挟持面と前記第2挟持面とを近接及び離隔させることが可能なジョーをさらに具備する、請求項1に記載の処置具。
- 前記第1挟持部は、前記処置体に伝熱される熱エネルギを前記第1挟持面に伝熱可能である、請求項1に記載の処置具。
- 前記第1挟持部は、第1高周波電極として形成され、
前記第2挟持部は、前記第1高周波電極と協働して前記生体組織を処置する第2高周波電極として形成されている、請求項1に記載の処置具。 - 前記第1及び第2挟持部の一方の挟持部の挟持面は、前記一方の挟持部に保持されたステープルを放出可能な放出口を有し、
前記第1及び第2挟持部の他方の挟持部の挟持面は、前記放出口から放出された前記ステープルの脚部を曲げるクリンチャを有する、請求項1に記載の処置具。 - 請求項1に記載の処置具と、
前記処置具の前記第1挟持部に設けられた発熱体と、
前記発熱体に電気的に接続され、前記発熱体にエネルギを供給するエネルギ出力回路と、
前記エネルギ出力回路を制御する制御部と
を具備する処置システム。 - 前記制御部は、前記エネルギ出力回路から前記発熱体に出力されるエネルギを調整して前記発熱体の温度を調整可能である、請求項14に記載の処置システム。
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EP3219275A1 (en) | 2017-09-20 |
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WO2016076100A1 (ja) | 2016-05-19 |
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