JPWO2015053298A1 - フェノール樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、エポキシ樹脂組成物、プリプレグおよびそれらの硬化物 - Google Patents
フェノール樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、エポキシ樹脂組成物、プリプレグおよびそれらの硬化物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JPWO2015053298A1 JPWO2015053298A1 JP2015541604A JP2015541604A JPWO2015053298A1 JP WO2015053298 A1 JPWO2015053298 A1 JP WO2015053298A1 JP 2015541604 A JP2015541604 A JP 2015541604A JP 2015541604 A JP2015541604 A JP 2015541604A JP WO2015053298 A1 JPWO2015053298 A1 JP WO2015053298A1
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- Prior art keywords
- epoxy resin
- group
- substituted
- carbon atoms
- phenol
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 5
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 title description 5
- -1 phenol compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 32
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical group [H]C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Natural products OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 27
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 23
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 16
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- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 12
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- TXFPEBPIARQUIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4'-hydroxyacetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 TXFPEBPIARQUIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 6
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- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol Chemical class C1=CC(O)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 4
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol F Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthol Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 1755-01-7 Chemical compound C1[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC=C[C@@H]3[C@@H]1C=C2 HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JECYUBVRTQDVAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-acetylphenol Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O JECYUBVRTQDVAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RGHHSNMVTDWUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 RGHHSNMVTDWUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- NXPPAOGUKPJVDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2-diol Chemical class C1=CC=CC2=C(O)C(O)=CC=C21 NXPPAOGUKPJVDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 3
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- SMQUZDBALVYZAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylaldehyde Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C=O SMQUZDBALVYZAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- MODAACUAXYPNJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(methoxymethyl)-4-[4-(methoxymethyl)phenyl]benzene Chemical group C1=CC(COC)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(COC)C=C1 MODAACUAXYPNJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006798 ring closing metathesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- KCDXJAYRVLXPFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N syringaldehyde Chemical compound COC1=CC(C=O)=CC(OC)=C1O KCDXJAYRVLXPFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- COBXDAOIDYGHGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N syringaldehyde Natural products COC1=CC=C(C=O)C(OC)=C1O COBXDAOIDYGHGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutylammonium Chemical class CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- AYEKOFBPNLCAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-O thiamine pyrophosphate Chemical compound CC1=C(CCOP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N AYEKOFBPNLCAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical class CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[2-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl)ethyl]silane Chemical compound C1C(CC[Si](OC)(OC)OC)CCC2OC21 DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G16/00—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with monomers not provided for in the groups C08G4/00 - C08G14/00
- C08G16/02—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with monomers not provided for in the groups C08G4/00 - C08G14/00 of aldehydes
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- C08G16/0281—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with monomers not provided for in the groups C08G4/00 - C08G14/00 of aldehydes with heterocyclic organic compounds containing phosphorus in the ring
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/02—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule
- C08G59/04—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule of polyhydroxy compounds with epihalohydrins or precursors thereof
- C08G59/06—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule of polyhydroxy compounds with epihalohydrins or precursors thereof of polyhydric phenols
- C08G59/063—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule of polyhydroxy compounds with epihalohydrins or precursors thereof of polyhydric phenols with epihalohydrins
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- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/14—Polycondensates modified by chemical after-treatment
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/20—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the epoxy compounds used
- C08G59/22—Di-epoxy compounds
- C08G59/30—Di-epoxy compounds containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen
- C08G59/304—Di-epoxy compounds containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen containing phosphorus
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Abstract
Description
すなわち本発明は、下記(1)〜(7)に関する。
R2の数を表し、0〜4の整数であり、mはR1の数を表し、0〜4の整数であり、Zは水素原子又は下記式(5)の構造を表し、複数存在するZのうち少なくとも一つは下記式(5)の構造を表す。)
(4)前項(1)又は前項(2)に記載のフェノール樹脂とエポキシ樹脂を含有してなるエポキシ樹脂組成物。
(5)半導体封止用途に用いられる前項(4)に記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物。
(6)前項(4)に記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物及びシート状の繊維基材からなるプリプレグ。
(7)前項(4)若しくは(5)に記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物、または前項(6)に記載のプリプレグを硬化してなる硬化物。
フェノール化合物(a)は上記式(1)で表される化合物と上記式(2)で表される化合物との反応によって得られる。
式(2)で表される化合物は式(1)で表される化合物1モルに対して1.0〜1.05モルを使用する。
上記式(3)で表される化合物は、例えば、HCA(三光株式会社製)として入手することができる。
本発明のエポキシ樹脂は、上記手法によって得られた本発明のフェノール樹脂(b)とアルコール溶剤中、エピハロヒドリンとを反応させ、エポキシ化することにより得られる。なお、エポキシ化の際には、本発明のフェノール樹脂(b)の1種類のみを使用しても、2種以上を併用してもよい。また、本発明のフェノール樹脂(b)に、フェノール樹脂(b)以外のフェノール化合物を併用しても良い。
併用できるフェノール樹脂(b)以外のフェノール化合物としては、エポキシ樹脂の原料として通常用いられるフェノール化合物であれば特に制限なく用いることができる。
本発明のエポキシ樹脂としては、特に優れた溶剤溶解性を示し、なおかつ高い難燃性を有する硬化物が得られることから、式(2)で表される化合物と式(1)で表される化合物との反応によって得られたフェノール化合物(a)と、式(3)で表されるリン含有化合物と反応により得られた本発明のフェノール樹脂(b)のエポキシ化物が好ましい。
エポキシ化反応に使用できるアルカリ金属水酸化物としては、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム等が挙げられ、これらは固形物をそのまま使用しても、あるいはその水溶液を使用してもよい。水溶液を使用する場合は、該アルカリ金属水酸化物の水溶液を連続的に反応系内に添加すると共に、減圧下または常圧下で連続的に留出させた水及びエピハロヒドリンの混合液から分液により水を除去し、エピハロヒドリンのみを反応系内に連続的に戻す方法でもよい。アルカリ金属水酸化物の使用量は、本発明のフェノール樹脂(b)の水酸基1モルに対して通常0.9〜3.0モル、好ましくは1.0〜2.5モル、より好ましくは1.0〜2.0モル、特に好ましくは1.0〜1.3モルである。
また、本発明者等は、エポキシ化反応において、特にフレーク状の水酸化ナトリウムを用いることで、水溶液とした水酸化ナトリウムを使用するよりも得られるエポキシ樹脂に含まれるハロゲン量を顕著に低減させることが可能となることを知見するに至った。更にこのフレーク状の水酸化ナトリウムは、反応系内に分割添加されることが好ましい。分割添加を行なうことで、反応温度の急激な減少を防ぐことができ、これにより不純物である1,3−ハロヒドリン体やハロメチレン体の生成を防止することができる。
反応終了後、反応物を水洗後、または水洗無しに加熱減圧下で反応液からエピハロヒドリンや溶媒等を除去する。また得られたエポキシ樹脂中に含まれるハロゲン量をさらに低減させるために、回収した本発明のエポキシ樹脂をトルエン、メチルイソブチルケトンなどの溶剤に溶解し、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウムなどのアルカリ金属水酸化物の水溶液を加えて反応を行ない、閉環を確実なものにすることも出来る。この場合、アルカリ金属水酸化物の使用量は、本発明のフェノール樹脂の水酸基1モルに対して通常0.01〜0.3モル、好ましくは0.05〜0.2モルである。反応温度は通常50〜120℃、反応時間は通常0.5〜2時間である。
他のエポキシ樹脂を併用する場合、本発明のエポキシ樹脂組成物中の全エポキシ樹脂成分に占める本発明のエポキシ樹脂の割合は30質量%以上が好ましく、40質量%以上がより好ましく、70質量%以上が更に好ましく、特に好ましくは100質量%(他のエポキシ樹脂を併用しない場合)である。ただし、本発明のエポキシ樹脂をエポキシ樹脂組成物の改質剤として使用する場合は、全エポキシ樹脂中で1〜30質量%となる割合で添加する。
(a)アミン系化合物 ジアミノジフェニルメタン、ジエチレントリアミン、トリエチレンテトラミン、ジアミノジフェニルスルホン、イソホロンジアミン及びナフタレンジアミン等
(b)酸無水物系化合物 無水フタル酸、無水トリメリット酸、無水ピロメリット酸、無水マレイン酸、テトラヒドロ無水フタル酸、メチルテトラヒドロ無水フタル酸、無水メチルナジック酸、ヘキサヒドロ無水フタル酸及びメチルヘキサヒドロ無水フタル酸等
(c)アミド系化合物 ジシアンジアミド、若しくはリノレン酸の2量体とエチレンジアミンより合成されるポリアミド樹脂等、
(e)その他 イミダゾール類、BF3 −アミン錯体、グアニジン誘導体
他の硬化剤は単独で用いてもよく、複数を併用してもよい。
硬化促進剤の使用量は、エポキシ樹脂100重量部当たり、通常0.2〜5.0重量部、好ましくは、0.2〜4.0重量部である。
本発明のエポキシ樹脂組成物は従来知られているのと同様の方法で容易にその硬化物とすることが出来る。例えば、本発明のエポキシ樹脂組成物の必須成分であるエポキシ樹脂、硬化剤及び無機充填材、並びに必要により硬化促進剤、配合剤、各種熱硬化性樹脂や各種熱可塑性樹脂等を、必要に応じて押出機、ニーダ又はロール等を用いて均一になるまで充分に混合して得られた本発明のエポキシ樹脂組成物を、溶融注型法あるいはトランスファー成型法やインジェクション成型法、圧縮成型法などによって成型し、更にその融点以上で2〜10時間加熱することにより本発明のエポキシ樹脂組成物の硬化物を得ることが出来る。前述の方法でリードフレーム等に搭載された半導体素子を封止することにより、本発明のエポキシ樹脂組成物を半導体封止用途に用いることができる。
上記のようにして得られるワニスをガラス繊維、カーボン繊維、ポリエステル繊維、ポリアミド繊維、アルミナ繊維及び紙などの繊維基材に含浸させた後に加熱によって溶剤を除去すると共に、本発明のエポキシ樹脂組成物を半硬化状態とすることにより、本発明のプリプレグを得ることが出来る。尚、ここで言う「半硬化状態」とは、反応性の官能基であるエポキシ基が一部未反応で残っている状態を意味する。該プリプレグを熱プレス成型して硬化物を得ることが出来る。
なお、水酸基当量、軟化点、は以下の条件で測定した。
・水酸基当量
JIS K−7236に記載された方法で測定し、単位はg/eq.である。
・軟化点
JIS K−7234に準拠した方法で測定し、単位は℃である。
撹拌機、還流冷却管、撹拌装置を備えたフラスコに、4’−ヒドロキシアセトフェノン150部、バニリン167部およびエタノール221部を仕込み、溶解した。これに97質量%硫酸22部を添加後60℃ まで昇温し、この温度で10時間反応後、反応液を水1324部に注入し、晶析させた。結晶を濾別後、水662部で2回水洗し、その後真空乾燥し、黄色結晶のフェノール化合物(a)を282部得た。得られた結晶のDSC測定による吸熱ピーク温度は233℃であった。
撹拌機、還流冷却管、撹拌装置を備えたフラスコに、窒素パージを施しながらHCA(三光株式会社製)178部、キシレン360部を加え、100℃に加熱した。そこにフェノール化合物(a)200部を1時間かけて分割添加し、その後130℃に昇温し、10時間加熱還流した。反応物にエタノール180部を加えた後、エバポレーターで溶媒を減圧留去し、本発明のフェノール樹脂(b)(P1)を320g得た。得られたフェノール樹脂(b)の水酸基当量は243g/eqであり、軟化点は135.8℃であった。
撹拌機、還流冷却管、撹拌装置を備えたフラスコに、窒素パージを施しながら本発明のフェノール樹脂(P1 水酸基当量243g/eq.)163部、エピクロロヒドリン433部(7モル当量 対 フェノール樹脂)、メタノール130部を加え、撹拌下で溶解し、70〜75℃にまで昇温した。次いでフレーク状の水酸化ナトリウム30部を90分かけて分割添加した後、更に75℃で75分反応を行った。反応終了後、水90部で水洗を行い、油層からロータリーエバポレーターを用いて減圧下、過剰のエピクロルヒドリン等の溶剤類を留去した。残留物にメチルイソブチルケトン380部を加え溶解し、75℃にまで昇温した。撹拌下で30重量%の水酸化ナトリウム水溶液11部を加え、1時間反応を行った後、油層の洗浄水が中性になるまで水洗を行った。得られた溶液をロータリーエバポレーターを用いて減圧下、メチルイソブチルケトン等を留去することで本発明のエポキシ樹脂(EP1)183部を得た。得られたエポキシ樹脂のエポキシ当量は304g/eq.であった。
実施例1で得られたフェノール樹脂(P1)ないし比較用のフェノール樹脂(P3)を、エポキシ樹脂(EP1及びEP2)、フィラー(無機充填材)、ワックス、カップリング剤、硬化促進剤を表1の割合(当量)で配合し、ミキシングロールを用いて均一に混合・混練し、硬化性樹脂組成物を得た。この硬化性樹脂組成物をミキサーにて粉砕し、更にタブレットマシーンにてタブレット化した。このタブレット化された硬化性樹脂組成物をトランスファー成型(175℃×60秒)し、更に脱型後160℃×2時間+180℃×6時間の条件で硬化し、評価用試験片を得た。この評価用試験片を用いて、耐熱性と難燃性を以下の要領で測定、評価した。試験結果を表1に示す。
動的粘弾性測定器:TA−instruments製、DMA−2980
測定温度範囲:−30℃〜280℃
温速度:2℃/分
試験片サイズ:5mm×50mmに切り出した物を使用した(厚みは約800μm)。
解析条件Tg:DMA測定に於けるTanδのピーク点(tanδMAX)をTgとした。
<難燃性試験>
・難燃性の判定:UL94に準拠して行った。ただし、サンプルサイズは幅12.5mm×長さ150mmとし、厚さは0.8mmで試験を行った。
・残炎時間:5個1組のサンプルに10回接炎したあとの残炎時間の合計。
EP2:日本化薬社製 NC3000
P3:三井化学社製 ミレックスXLC−3L
P2:P1とP3を重量比で33:67の割合になるように混合
P4:P1とP3を重量比で5:95の割合になるように混合
P5:P1とP3を重量比で10:90の割合になるように混合
ワックス:カルナバ1号
硬化促進剤:トリフェニルフォスフィン(北興化学社製 TPP)
カップリング剤:信越化学工業社製 KBM−303
無機充填材:溶融シリカ 瀧森工業社製 MSR−2122 対樹脂83wt%
硬化促進剤使用量:
耐熱性の評価に使用する試料ではエポキシ樹脂重量に対し1%とし、難燃性の評価に使用する試料ではエポキシ樹脂重量に対し2%とした。
ワックス使用量:0.3重量% 対組成物
カップリング剤使用量:0.4重量% 対フィラー
エポキシ樹脂・硬化剤比率:1等当量
なお、本出願は、2013年10月9日付で出願された日本国特許出願(特願2013−211750)に基づいており、その全体が引用により援用される。また、ここに引用されるすべての参照は全体として取り込まれる。
Claims (7)
- 下記式(1)で表されるフェノール化合物と、下記式(2)で表される化合物との反応によってフェノール化合物(a)を得た後、さらに下記式(3)で表されるリン含有化合物を反応させて得られるフェノール樹脂(b)。
- 下記式(4)で表されるフェノール樹脂。
- 請求項1又は請求項2に記載のフェノール樹脂にエピハロヒドリンを反応させて得られるエポキシ樹脂。
- 請求項1又は請求項2に記載のフェノール樹脂とエポキシ樹脂を含有してなるエポキシ樹脂組成物。
- 半導体封止用途に用いられる請求項4に記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物。
- 請求項4に記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物及びシート状の繊維基材からなるプリプレグ。
- 請求項4若しくは請求項5に記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物、または請求項6に記載のプリプレグを硬化してなる硬化物。
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