JPS6045734B2 - 空気圧縮内燃機関の排気ガス流中の煤フイルタ - Google Patents

空気圧縮内燃機関の排気ガス流中の煤フイルタ

Info

Publication number
JPS6045734B2
JPS6045734B2 JP53138973A JP13897378A JPS6045734B2 JP S6045734 B2 JPS6045734 B2 JP S6045734B2 JP 53138973 A JP53138973 A JP 53138973A JP 13897378 A JP13897378 A JP 13897378A JP S6045734 B2 JPS6045734 B2 JP S6045734B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
ceramic fiber
internal combustion
perforated plate
combustion engine
soot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP53138973A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
JPS5474913A (en
Inventor
イエルク・アプトホフ
ハンス−デイ−テル・シユステル
ロルフ・ガ−プレル
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daimler Benz AG
Original Assignee
Daimler Benz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daimler Benz AG filed Critical Daimler Benz AG
Publication of JPS5474913A publication Critical patent/JPS5474913A/ja
Publication of JPS6045734B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6045734B2/ja
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/56—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
    • B01D46/62—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in series
    • B01D46/64—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in series arranged concentrically or coaxially
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/66—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
    • B01D46/80—Chemical processes for the removal of the retained particles, e.g. by burning
    • B01D46/84—Chemical processes for the removal of the retained particles, e.g. by burning by heating only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/0211—Arrangements for mounting filtering elements in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/0217—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters the filtering elements having the form of hollow cylindrical bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • F01N3/0226—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being fibrous
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2267/00—Multiple filter elements specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D2267/40—Different types of filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2279/00—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses
    • B01D2279/30—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses for treatment of exhaust gases from IC Engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/10—Fibrous material, e.g. mineral or metallic wool
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/10—Fibrous material, e.g. mineral or metallic wool
    • F01N2330/101—Fibrous material, e.g. mineral or metallic wool using binders, e.g. to form a permeable mat, paper or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/12—Metallic wire mesh fabric or knitting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/02—Tubes being perforated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/16—Plurality of inlet tubes, e.g. discharging into different chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/18—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes the axis of inlet or outlet tubes being other than the longitudinal axis of apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/24—Concentric tubes or tubes being concentric to housing, e.g. telescopically assembled
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S55/00—Gas separation
    • Y10S55/30—Exhaust treatment

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は、内燃機関の排気口近傍に設けられた円筒状
フィルタケースに、内燃機関から半径方向または接線方
向に出る入口接続管片が接続され、このフィルタケース
内に周壁から離れて円筒状の外側穴あき板が設けられ、
この外側穴あき板内に同心的に円筒状の内側穴あき板が
設けられ、これら両穴あき板の間に円筒状フィルタ素子
が挿入されている、空気圧縮内燃機関の排気ガス流中の
煤フィルタに関する。
このような煤フィルタでは、フィルタ素子にたまる煤
粒子は、高温の排気ガスにより焼却される。
ディーゼル機関では、過剰な空気で運転が行なわれるた
め、煤の焼却にとつて充分な酸素が存在し、焼却に必要
な温度も得られるので、煤の焼却は比較的よく行われる
。しかしこのような煤フィルタでは、フィルタ素子にた
まつた煤をできるだけ完全に焼却させねばならないとい
う問題がおこる。
この場合考慮すべきことは、煤が凝集する傾向をもち、
すなわち互いに衝突する煤が焼結体状に結合し、時間の
経過につれて成長して煤層を形成してしまうことである
。このような煤層は付加的手段なしにはほとんど燃焼し
ない。なぜならば煤粒子の結合により、酸素の接触に利
用できる自由表面が非常に小さくなるからである。本発
明の課題は、煤粒子を充分焼却できる煤フィルタを提供
することである。
この課題を解決するため本発明によれば、フィルタ素子
が、ゆるいセラミック繊維バッドの外層と織り合わせた
内側セラミック繊維マットとをもつセラミック繊維材料
からなり、内側セラミック繊維マットと内側穴あき板と
の間に、少なくとも１層の金網が設けられている。
本発明によれば、セラミック繊維バッドおよびセラミッ
ク繊維マットからなる層をもつフィルタ素子としてセラ
ミック繊維材料を使用することにより、煤粒子はます異
なる深さで繊維材料中へ侵入することができる。
繊維材料は開いた通路をもつていないので、フィルタ層
へ侵入した煤粒子は個々の繊維により包まれて、他の煤
粒子との接触を阻止される。これにより煤粒子の凝集が
防止される。繊維材料中に個々に捕えられた煤粒子は、
したがつて酸素との接触に対して大きい自由表面をもち
、それにより個々の煤粒子の確実な焼却が行なわれる。
しかも金網は内側セラミック繊維マットを支えると共に
、内側セラミック繊維マットから内側穴あき板へのガス
流の流れの状態を改善する。図面に示された実施例につ
いて本発明をさらに説明する。
第１図および第２図によれば、煤フィルタは円筒状フィ
ルタケース１をもち、このケース１に接線方向あるいは
半径方向に入り込む複数の入口接続管片２が接続され、
これらの入口接続管片２はフランジ３により内燃機関の
排気側へ直接取付け可能である。
フィルタケース１内には、外側穴あき板４と内ｌ側穴あ
き板５との間にセラミック繊維材料６が円筒状に設けら
れて、入口接続管片２を通つて流入する排気ガスが、フ
ィルタケース１内で穴あき板４の外側に分布し、それか
ら半径方向にセラミック繊維材料６を通り、穴あき板５
内の円柱状空胴７から、フィルタケース１へ接続された
導管８を通つて内燃機関の排気系へ出て行く。
第３図からよくわかるように、フィルタケース１内の穴
あき板４，５の間にあるセラミック繊維材料６は、ゆる
いセラミック繊維バッド９の半径方向外側層と、このセ
ラミック繊維バッド９を支える織り合わせたセラミック
繊維マット１０の半径方向内側層１０とから構成されて
いる。
セラミック繊維マット１０は小さい網目の金網１１によ
り支えられ、この金網１１と内側穴あき板５との間には
大きい網目の金網１２が設けられている。
【図面の簡単な説明】
第１図は煤フィルタの正面図、第２図はその平面図、第
３図はこの煤フィルタの一部の断面図である。 １・・・・・フィルタケース、２・・・・・・入口接続
管片、４，５・・・・・・穴あき板、６・・・・・・セ
ラミック繊維材料、７・・・・・・空胴、８・・・・・
・排気導管、９・・・・・・ゆるいセラミック繊維バッ
ド、１０・・・・・・織り合わせたセラミック繊維マッ
ト。

Claims (1)

  1. 【特許請求の範囲】 １ 内燃機関の排気口近傍に設けられた円筒状フィルタ
    ケースに、内燃機関から半径方向または接線方向に出る
    入口接続管片が接続され、このフィルタケース内に周壁
    から離れて円筒状の外側穴あき板が設けられ、この外側
    穴あき板内に同心的に円筒状の内側穴あき板が設けられ
    、これら両穴あき板の間に円筒状フィルタ素子が挿入さ
    れているものにおいて、フィルタ素子が、ゆるいセラミ
    ック繊維パッド９の外層と織り合わせた内側セラミック
    繊維マット１０とをもつセラミック繊維材料からなり、
    内側セラミック繊維マット１０と内側穴あき板５との間
    に、少なくとも１層の金網１１，１２が設けられている
    ことを特徴とする、空気圧縮内燃機関の排気ガス流中の
    煤フィルタ。 ２ 内側穴あき板５と内側セラミック繊維マット１０と
    の間に２層の金網が設けられ、そのうちセラミック繊維
    マット１０に接する外側金網１１が小さい網目をもち、
    穴あき板５上に巻付けられる金網１２が大きい網目をも
    つていることを特徴とする、特許請求の範囲第１項に記
    載の煤フィルタ。
JP53138973A 1977-11-15 1978-11-13 空気圧縮内燃機関の排気ガス流中の煤フイルタ Expired JPS6045734B2 (ja)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2750960.0 1977-11-15
DE19772750960 DE2750960A1 (de) 1977-11-15 1977-11-15 Russfilter im abgasstrom von luftverdichtenden brennkraftmaschinen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5474913A JPS5474913A (en) 1979-06-15
JPS6045734B2 true JPS6045734B2 (ja) 1985-10-11

Family

ID=6023759

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP53138973A Expired JPS6045734B2 (ja) 1977-11-15 1978-11-13 空気圧縮内燃機関の排気ガス流中の煤フイルタ

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4205971A (ja)
JP (1) JPS6045734B2 (ja)
DE (1) DE2750960A1 (ja)
FR (1) FR2408721A1 (ja)
GB (1) GB2007532B (ja)
IT (1) IT1107759B (ja)
SE (1) SE440385B (ja)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994007588A1 (en) * 1992-09-25 1994-04-14 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho Heat-resistant filter

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DE2852226A1 (de) * 1978-12-02 1980-06-19 Daimler Benz Ag Russfilter im abgasstrom von luftverdichtenden brennkraftmaschinen
DE2853720A1 (de) * 1978-12-13 1980-07-03 Daimler Benz Ag Abgassammelleitung fuer luftverdichtende brennkraftmaschinen
FR2453667A1 (fr) * 1979-04-10 1980-11-07 Bourguignonne Mec Smb Filtre pour le depoussierage d'un fluide gazeux
SE8004632L (sv) * 1979-06-29 1980-12-30 Johnson Matthey Co Ltd Forbrenningsmotor med avgasrenare samt forfarande for avgasrening
DE2944841A1 (de) * 1979-11-07 1981-05-21 Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Katalytischer abgaskonverter fuer brennkraftmaschinen
US4290263A (en) * 1979-12-12 1981-09-22 General Motors Corporation Diesel engine exhaust trap particulate distribution and incineration balancing system
US4270936A (en) * 1980-01-18 1981-06-02 General Motors Corporation Coiled fibrous metallic material and coating for diesel exhaust particulate trap
US4326378A (en) * 1980-01-31 1982-04-27 Texaco Inc. Filter for an internal combustion engine having rejuvenation capabilities
DE3007642C2 (de) * 1980-02-29 1985-01-31 Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Rußfilter im Abgasstrom einer Brennkraftmaschine
US4283207A (en) * 1980-06-19 1981-08-11 General Motors Corporation Diesel exhaust filter-incinerator
DE3024539C2 (de) * 1980-06-28 1982-06-09 Filterwerk Mann & Hummel Gmbh, 7140 Ludwigsburg Vorrichtung zum Beseitigen von Ruß aus den Abgasen einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE3111228C2 (de) * 1981-03-21 1986-07-31 Filterwerk Mann & Hummel Gmbh, 7140 Ludwigsburg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Beseitigen von Ruß aus den Abgasen einer Brennkraftmaschine
CH647846A5 (de) * 1983-02-04 1985-02-15 Alessandro Luigi D Auspuffeinrichtung.
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5474913A (en) 1979-06-15
US4205971A (en) 1980-06-03
SE7811758L (sv) 1979-05-16
GB2007532A (en) 1979-05-23
DE2750960A1 (de) 1979-05-17
SE440385B (sv) 1985-07-29
FR2408721A1 (fr) 1979-06-08
DE2750960C2 (ja) 1991-07-25
IT1107759B (it) 1985-11-25
IT7851897A0 (it) 1978-11-14
GB2007532B (en) 1982-02-17
FR2408721B1 (ja) 1984-02-24

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