JPS59115538A - 集積回路の製造方法 - Google Patents
集積回路の製造方法Info
- Publication number
- JPS59115538A JPS59115538A JP58137952A JP13795283A JPS59115538A JP S59115538 A JPS59115538 A JP S59115538A JP 58137952 A JP58137952 A JP 58137952A JP 13795283 A JP13795283 A JP 13795283A JP S59115538 A JPS59115538 A JP S59115538A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- silicon
- layer
- silicon dioxide
- isolation
- silicon nitride
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 102
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004518 low pressure chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000293849 Cordylanthus Species 0.000 description 4
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000003486 chemical etching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- MROCJMGDEKINLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorosilane Chemical compound Cl[SiH2]Cl MROCJMGDEKINLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 hydrofluoric acid-chromium trioxide-potassium nitrate Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- KPZGRMZPZLOPBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dichloro-2,2-bis(chloromethyl)propane Chemical compound ClCC(CCl)(CCl)CCl KPZGRMZPZLOPBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1N1CCN(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)CC1 VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005046 Chlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 101100145155 Escherichia phage lambda cIII gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMVBXBACMIOFDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[Si] Chemical compound [N].[Si] UMVBXBACMIOFDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004380 ashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003323 beak Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosilane Chemical class Cl[SiH3] KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005049 silicon tetrachloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/76—Making of isolation regions between components
- H01L21/762—Dielectric regions, e.g. EPIC dielectric isolation, LOCOS; Trench refilling techniques, SOI technology, use of channel stoppers
- H01L21/76202—Dielectric regions, e.g. EPIC dielectric isolation, LOCOS; Trench refilling techniques, SOI technology, use of channel stoppers using a local oxidation of silicon, e.g. LOCOS, SWAMI, SILO
- H01L21/76205—Dielectric regions, e.g. EPIC dielectric isolation, LOCOS; Trench refilling techniques, SOI technology, use of channel stoppers using a local oxidation of silicon, e.g. LOCOS, SWAMI, SILO in a region being recessed from the surface, e.g. in a recess, groove, tub or trench region
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/32—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers using masks
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Element Separation (AREA)
- Local Oxidation Of Silicon (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/450,883 US4508757A (en) | 1982-12-20 | 1982-12-20 | Method of manufacturing a minimum bird's beak recessed oxide isolation structure |
| US450883 | 1989-12-14 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59115538A true JPS59115538A (ja) | 1984-07-04 |
| JPS6323656B2 JPS6323656B2 (enExample) | 1988-05-17 |
Family
ID=23789903
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58137952A Granted JPS59115538A (ja) | 1982-12-20 | 1983-07-29 | 集積回路の製造方法 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4508757A (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP0111774B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPS59115538A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE3372893D1 (enExample) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02132830A (ja) * | 1988-11-14 | 1990-05-22 | Sony Corp | 選択酸化方法 |
| US6239001B1 (en) | 1997-01-10 | 2001-05-29 | Nec Corporation | Method for making a semiconductor device |
Families Citing this family (42)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2579828A1 (fr) * | 1985-03-29 | 1986-10-03 | Thomson Csf | Procede d'oxydation localisee pour l'obtention d'oxyde epais |
| US4654269A (en) * | 1985-06-21 | 1987-03-31 | Fairchild Camera & Instrument Corp. | Stress relieved intermediate insulating layer for multilayer metalization |
| US4630356A (en) * | 1985-09-19 | 1986-12-23 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method of forming recessed oxide isolation with reduced steepness of the birds' neck |
| JPS62235776A (ja) * | 1986-04-04 | 1987-10-15 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 半導体集積回路装置の製造方法 |
| US4842675A (en) * | 1986-07-07 | 1989-06-27 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Integrated circuit isolation process |
| US4892614A (en) * | 1986-07-07 | 1990-01-09 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Integrated circuit isolation process |
| US5149669A (en) * | 1987-03-06 | 1992-09-22 | Seiko Instruments Inc. | Method of forming an isolation region in a semiconductor device |
| JPH01156418U (enExample) * | 1988-04-21 | 1989-10-27 | ||
| US5369051A (en) * | 1988-09-15 | 1994-11-29 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Sidewall-sealed poly-buffered LOCOS isolation |
| US4897364A (en) * | 1989-02-27 | 1990-01-30 | Motorola, Inc. | Method for locos isolation using a framed oxidation mask and a polysilicon buffer layer |
| US5248350A (en) * | 1990-11-30 | 1993-09-28 | Ncr Corporation | Structure for improving gate oxide integrity for a semiconductor formed by a recessed sealed sidewall field oxidation process |
| US5192707A (en) * | 1991-07-31 | 1993-03-09 | Sgs-Thomson Microelectronics, Inc. | Method of forming isolated regions of oxide |
| KR940003070A (ko) * | 1992-07-10 | 1994-02-19 | 문정환 | 반도체소자의 단위소자간 격리방법 |
| KR950004972B1 (ko) * | 1992-10-13 | 1995-05-16 | 현대전자산업주식회사 | 반도체 장치의 필드산화막 형성 방법 |
| EP0641022B1 (en) * | 1993-08-31 | 2006-05-17 | STMicroelectronics, Inc. | Isolation structure and method for making same |
| US5543343A (en) * | 1993-12-22 | 1996-08-06 | Sgs-Thomson Microelectronics, Inc. | Method fabricating an integrated circuit |
| US5927992A (en) * | 1993-12-22 | 1999-07-27 | Stmicroelectronics, Inc. | Method of forming a dielectric in an integrated circuit |
| US5449638A (en) * | 1994-06-06 | 1995-09-12 | United Microelectronics Corporation | Process on thickness control for silicon-on-insulator technology |
| US5432118A (en) * | 1994-06-28 | 1995-07-11 | Motorola, Inc. | Process for forming field isolation |
| US5747357A (en) | 1995-09-27 | 1998-05-05 | Mosel Vitelic, Inc. | Modified poly-buffered isolation |
| US5972776A (en) * | 1995-12-22 | 1999-10-26 | Stmicroelectronics, Inc. | Method of forming a planar isolation structure in an integrated circuit |
| US5834360A (en) * | 1996-07-31 | 1998-11-10 | Stmicroelectronics, Inc. | Method of forming an improved planar isolation structure in an integrated circuit |
| US6472244B1 (en) * | 1996-07-31 | 2002-10-29 | Sgs-Thomson Microelectronics S.R.L. | Manufacturing method and integrated microstructures of semiconductor material and integrated piezoresistive pressure sensor having a diaphragm of polycrystalline semiconductor material |
| US5843322A (en) * | 1996-12-23 | 1998-12-01 | Memc Electronic Materials, Inc. | Process for etching N, P, N+ and P+ type slugs and wafers |
| US6306727B1 (en) * | 1997-08-18 | 2001-10-23 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Advanced isolation process for large memory arrays |
| US5856003A (en) * | 1997-11-17 | 1999-01-05 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd. | Method for forming pseudo buried layer for sub-micron bipolar or BiCMOS device |
| TW480643B (en) * | 2001-03-20 | 2002-03-21 | Mosel Vitelic Inc | Method for detecting metal on silicon chip by implantation of arsenic ions |
| US7518182B2 (en) | 2004-07-20 | 2009-04-14 | Micron Technology, Inc. | DRAM layout with vertical FETs and method of formation |
| US7247570B2 (en) * | 2004-08-19 | 2007-07-24 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Silicon pillars for vertical transistors |
| US7285812B2 (en) * | 2004-09-02 | 2007-10-23 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Vertical transistors |
| US7199419B2 (en) * | 2004-12-13 | 2007-04-03 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Memory structure for reduced floating body effect |
| US7229895B2 (en) * | 2005-01-14 | 2007-06-12 | Micron Technology, Inc | Memory array buried digit line |
| US7371627B1 (en) | 2005-05-13 | 2008-05-13 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Memory array with ultra-thin etched pillar surround gate access transistors and buried data/bit lines |
| US7120046B1 (en) * | 2005-05-13 | 2006-10-10 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Memory array with surrounding gate access transistors and capacitors with global and staggered local bit lines |
| US7381631B2 (en) * | 2005-07-05 | 2008-06-03 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Use of expanding material oxides for nano-fabrication |
| US7888721B2 (en) | 2005-07-06 | 2011-02-15 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Surround gate access transistors with grown ultra-thin bodies |
| US7768051B2 (en) | 2005-07-25 | 2010-08-03 | Micron Technology, Inc. | DRAM including a vertical surround gate transistor |
| US7696567B2 (en) | 2005-08-31 | 2010-04-13 | Micron Technology, Inc | Semiconductor memory device |
| US7923373B2 (en) | 2007-06-04 | 2011-04-12 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Pitch multiplication using self-assembling materials |
| US9401363B2 (en) | 2011-08-23 | 2016-07-26 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Vertical transistor devices, memory arrays, and methods of forming vertical transistor devices |
| TWI602779B (zh) * | 2013-03-28 | 2017-10-21 | 三菱綜合材料股份有限公司 | 矽構材及矽構材之製造方法 |
| US10163679B1 (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2018-12-25 | Globalfoundries Inc. | Shallow trench isolation formation without planarization |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS51142982A (en) * | 1975-05-05 | 1976-12-08 | Intel Corp | Method of producing single crystal silicon ic |
| JPS5840839A (ja) * | 1981-09-04 | 1983-03-09 | Toshiba Corp | 半導体装置の製造方法 |
| JPS5994843A (ja) * | 1982-11-24 | 1984-05-31 | Toshiba Corp | 半導体装置の製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL153374B (nl) * | 1966-10-05 | 1977-05-16 | Philips Nv | Werkwijze ter vervaardiging van een halfgeleiderinrichting voorzien van een oxydelaag en halfgeleiderinrichting vervaardigd volgens de werkwijze. |
| US3534234A (en) * | 1966-12-15 | 1970-10-13 | Texas Instruments Inc | Modified planar process for making semiconductor devices having ultrafine mesa type geometry |
| US3648125A (en) * | 1971-02-02 | 1972-03-07 | Fairchild Camera Instr Co | Method of fabricating integrated circuits with oxidized isolation and the resulting structure |
| NL7204741A (enExample) * | 1972-04-08 | 1973-10-10 | ||
| JPS547882A (en) * | 1977-06-21 | 1979-01-20 | Fujitsu Ltd | Manufacture for semiconductor device |
| US4373248A (en) * | 1978-07-12 | 1983-02-15 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Method of making high density semiconductor device such as floating gate electrically programmable ROM or the like |
| US4307180A (en) * | 1980-08-22 | 1981-12-22 | International Business Machines Corp. | Process of forming recessed dielectric regions in a monocrystalline silicon substrate |
| US4419142A (en) * | 1980-10-24 | 1983-12-06 | Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of forming dielectric isolation of device regions |
| EP0051534B1 (en) * | 1980-10-29 | 1986-05-14 | FAIRCHILD CAMERA & INSTRUMENT CORPORATION | A method of fabricating a self-aligned integrated circuit structure using differential oxide growth |
| US4407696A (en) * | 1982-12-27 | 1983-10-04 | Mostek Corporation | Fabrication of isolation oxidation for MOS circuit |
-
1982
- 1982-12-20 US US06/450,883 patent/US4508757A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1983
- 1983-07-29 JP JP58137952A patent/JPS59115538A/ja active Granted
- 1983-11-24 EP EP83111758A patent/EP0111774B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-11-24 DE DE8383111758T patent/DE3372893D1/de not_active Expired
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS51142982A (en) * | 1975-05-05 | 1976-12-08 | Intel Corp | Method of producing single crystal silicon ic |
| JPS5840839A (ja) * | 1981-09-04 | 1983-03-09 | Toshiba Corp | 半導体装置の製造方法 |
| JPS5994843A (ja) * | 1982-11-24 | 1984-05-31 | Toshiba Corp | 半導体装置の製造方法 |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02132830A (ja) * | 1988-11-14 | 1990-05-22 | Sony Corp | 選択酸化方法 |
| US6239001B1 (en) | 1997-01-10 | 2001-05-29 | Nec Corporation | Method for making a semiconductor device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4508757A (en) | 1985-04-02 |
| EP0111774A1 (en) | 1984-06-27 |
| JPS6323656B2 (enExample) | 1988-05-17 |
| EP0111774B1 (en) | 1987-08-05 |
| DE3372893D1 (en) | 1987-09-10 |
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