JPS51143027A - Glossy pigments containing rutile and method of their preparation - Google Patents

Glossy pigments containing rutile and method of their preparation

Info

Publication number
JPS51143027A
JPS51143027A JP50113113A JP11311375A JPS51143027A JP S51143027 A JPS51143027 A JP S51143027A JP 50113113 A JP50113113 A JP 50113113A JP 11311375 A JP11311375 A JP 11311375A JP S51143027 A JPS51143027 A JP S51143027A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
preparation
pigments containing
containing rutile
glossy pigments
glossy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP50113113A
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS5643068B2 (de
Inventor
Etsuseruborun Rainaa
Berunharuto Horusuto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Merck Patent GmbH
Original Assignee
Merck Patent GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Merck Patent GmbH filed Critical Merck Patent GmbH
Publication of JPS51143027A publication Critical patent/JPS51143027A/ja
Publication of JPS5643068B2 publication Critical patent/JPS5643068B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
    • C09C1/0015—Pigments exhibiting interference colours, e.g. transparent platelets of appropriate thinness or flaky substrates, e.g. mica, bearing appropriate thin transparent coatings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K8/11—Encapsulated compositions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
    • A61K8/26—Aluminium; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
    • A61K8/29—Titanium; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q1/00—Make-up preparations; Body powders; Preparations for removing make-up
    • A61Q1/12—Face or body powders for grooming, adorning or absorbing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44F—SPECIAL DESIGNS OR PICTURES
    • B44F9/00—Designs imitating natural patterns
    • B44F9/08—Designs imitating natural patterns of crystalline structures, pearl effects, or mother-of-pearl effects
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
    • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
    • A61K2800/41—Particular ingredients further characterized by their size
    • A61K2800/412—Microsized, i.e. having sizes between 0.1 and 100 microns
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
    • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
    • A61K2800/42—Colour properties
    • A61K2800/43—Pigments; Dyes
    • A61K2800/436—Interference pigments, e.g. Iridescent, Pearlescent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
    • C01P2002/50—Solid solutions
    • C01P2002/52—Solid solutions containing elements as dopants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
    • C01P2004/61—Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C2200/00—Compositional and structural details of pigments exhibiting interference colours
    • C09C2200/10—Interference pigments characterized by the core material
    • C09C2200/102—Interference pigments characterized by the core material the core consisting of glass or silicate material like mica or clays, e.g. kaolin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C2200/00—Compositional and structural details of pigments exhibiting interference colours
    • C09C2200/30—Interference pigments characterised by the thickness of the core or layers thereon or by the total thickness of the final pigment particle
    • C09C2200/301—Thickness of the core
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C2200/00—Compositional and structural details of pigments exhibiting interference colours
    • C09C2200/30—Interference pigments characterised by the thickness of the core or layers thereon or by the total thickness of the final pigment particle
    • C09C2200/302—Thickness of a layer with high refractive material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C2200/00—Compositional and structural details of pigments exhibiting interference colours
    • C09C2200/30—Interference pigments characterised by the thickness of the core or layers thereon or by the total thickness of the final pigment particle
    • C09C2200/305—Thickness of intermediate layers within the stack
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C2220/00—Methods of preparing the interference pigments
    • C09C2220/10—Wet methods, e.g. co-precipitation
    • C09C2220/106—Wet methods, e.g. co-precipitation comprising only a drying or calcination step of the finally coated pigment
JP50113113A 1975-05-22 1975-09-17 Glossy pigments containing rutile and method of their preparation Granted JPS51143027A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2522572A DE2522572C2 (de) 1975-05-22 1975-05-22 Rutilhaltige Perlglanzpigmente

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS51143027A true JPS51143027A (en) 1976-12-09
JPS5643068B2 JPS5643068B2 (de) 1981-10-08

Family

ID=5947102

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP50113113A Granted JPS51143027A (en) 1975-05-22 1975-09-17 Glossy pigments containing rutile and method of their preparation

Country Status (17)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS51143027A (de)
BE (1) BE842130A (de)
BR (1) BR7601188A (de)
CA (1) CA1054755A (de)
CS (1) CS193544B2 (de)
DD (1) DD125932A5 (de)
DE (1) DE2522572C2 (de)
ES (1) ES448122A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2311824A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1533430A (de)
IE (1) IE43109B1 (de)
IN (1) IN143277B (de)
IT (1) IT1061301B (de)
NL (1) NL7605473A (de)
PL (1) PL107380B1 (de)
SE (1) SE412759B (de)
SU (1) SU822757A3 (de)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5761677A (en) * 1980-09-27 1982-04-14 Ishizuka Glass Rare metal color pattern dressing method for ceramic product
JPS59212422A (ja) * 1983-05-19 1984-12-01 Shiseido Co Ltd 化粧料
JPS6234962A (ja) * 1985-08-07 1987-02-14 メルク・パテント・ゲゼルシヤフト・ミツト・ベシユレンクテル・ハフツング 酸化鉄被覆層を有する真珠光沢顔料
JP2009173934A (ja) * 2009-01-27 2009-08-06 Merck Ltd 高輝度高彩度虹彩顔料およびその製造方法
JP2015535876A (ja) * 2012-10-02 2015-12-17 エッカルト ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングＥｃｋａｒｔ ＧｍｂＨ 耐候性真珠光沢顔料、それを製造するためのプロセス、およびそれの使用
JP2016503082A (ja) * 2012-12-20 2016-02-01 メルク パテント ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングＭｅｒｃｋ Ｐａｔｅｎｔ Ｇｅｓｅｌｌｓｃｈａｆｔ ｍｉｔ ｂｅｓｃｈｒａｅｎｋｔｅｒ Ｈａｆｔｕｎｇ 顔料
JP2018507271A (ja) * 2014-12-19 2018-03-15 エッカルト ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングＥｃｋａｒｔ ＧｍｂＨ 高い彩度および高い輝度を有する金色効果顔料、それを生産するための方法、ならびにその使用
JP2018507272A (ja) * 2014-12-19 2018-03-15 エッカルト ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングＥｃｋａｒｔ ＧｍｂＨ 高い彩度および高い輝度を有する赤色装飾的顔料、それを生産するための方法、ならびにその使用
JP2018507924A (ja) * 2014-12-19 2018-03-22 エッカルト ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングＥｃｋａｒｔ ＧｍｂＨ 高い透明度、高い彩度、および高い輝度を有する効果顔料、それを生産するための方法、ならびにその使用
JP2018509487A (ja) * 2014-12-19 2018-04-05 エッカルト ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングＥｃｋａｒｔ ＧｍｂＨ 高い彩度および高い輝度を有する効果顔料、それを生産するための方法、ならびにその使用
US10759941B2 (en) 2014-12-19 2020-09-01 Eckart Gmbh Metal effect pigments with high chroma and high brilliancy, method for the production and use thereof

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DE2928287A1 (de) * 1979-07-13 1981-01-29 Merck Patent Gmbh Perlglanzpigmente, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung
DE3150483A1 (de) * 1981-12-19 1983-06-30 Herberts Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal Waessriges anstrichmittel, damit versehener gegenstand und verwendung von interferenzpigmenten hierfuer
DE3535818A1 (de) * 1985-10-08 1987-04-09 Merck Patent Gmbh Glasur- und emailstabile perlglanzpigmente
DE4120921A1 (de) 1991-06-25 1993-01-07 Merck Patent Gmbh Oberflaechenmodifizierte plaettchenfoermige substrate mit verbessertem absetz- und aufruehrverhalten
DE4421933A1 (de) 1994-06-23 1996-01-04 Basf Ag Glanzpigmente mit stickstoffhaltigen Metallschichten
DE4443048A1 (de) 1994-12-05 1996-06-13 Merck Patent Gmbh Effektpulverlacke
US5693134A (en) 1994-12-29 1997-12-02 Merck Patent Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung Gray interference pigment and process for producing the same
DE10046152A1 (de) 2000-09-15 2002-03-28 Merck Patent Gmbh Pigmentpräparation in Granulatform
DE19951869A1 (de) 1999-10-28 2001-05-03 Merck Patent Gmbh Farbstarke Interferenzpigmente
DE19951871A1 (de) 1999-10-28 2001-05-03 Merck Patent Gmbh Farbstarke Interferenzpigmente
US20030157041A1 (en) * 2000-01-13 2003-08-21 Dreher John D. Optical makeup compositon
DE10061178A1 (de) 2000-12-07 2002-06-20 Merck Patent Gmbh Silberfarbenes Glanzpigment
DE10120179A1 (de) 2001-04-24 2002-10-31 Merck Patent Gmbh Farbige Pigmente
DE10137831A1 (de) 2001-08-02 2003-02-13 Merck Patent Gmbh Mehrschichtige Interferenzpigmente
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DE602007001237D1 (de) 2007-04-05 2009-07-16 Eckart Gmbh Effektpigmente mit einem Substrat aus Glasplättchen
DE602007005101D1 (de) 2007-04-05 2010-04-15 Eckart Gmbh Kosmetische Zusammensetzungen enthaltend Perlglanzpigmente
DE602008004913D1 (de) 2007-07-12 2011-03-24 Basf Se Interferenzpigmente auf basis von perlitschuppen
DE102007058601A1 (de) 2007-12-04 2009-06-10 Merck Patent Gmbh Sicherheitspigment
CN101903471B (zh) * 2007-12-19 2014-04-16 默克专利股份有限公司 具有导电性核的强着色和/或光学可变的颜料
JP5856737B2 (ja) * 2007-12-19 2016-02-10 メルク パテント ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングＭｅｒｃｋ Ｐａｔｅｎｔ Ｇｅｓｅｌｌｓｃｈａｆｔ ｍｉｔ ｂｅｓｃｈｒａｅｎｋｔｅｒ Ｈａｆｔｕｎｇ 高導電性の光学可変性顔料
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US9657185B2 (en) 2010-12-09 2017-05-23 Merck Patent Gmbh Brilliant black pigments
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EP2607432A1 (de) 2011-12-21 2013-06-26 Merck Patent GmbH Effektpigmente basierend auf Substraten die einen Kreisformfaktor von 1,2-2 aufweisen
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US9168394B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2015-10-27 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc. Pigmented skin-care compositions
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US8585818B1 (en) * 2013-03-14 2013-11-19 Basf Se Coated perlite flakes
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL280256A (de) * 1961-06-28
US3087828A (en) * 1961-06-28 1963-04-30 Du Pont Nacreous pigment compositions
FR1326901A (fr) * 1961-06-28 1963-05-10 Du Pont Nouvelles compositions de pigments
CA964403A (en) * 1971-03-26 1975-03-18 Howard R. Linton Nacreous pigments of improved luster and process for their manufacture

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5761677A (en) * 1980-09-27 1982-04-14 Ishizuka Glass Rare metal color pattern dressing method for ceramic product
JPS59212422A (ja) * 1983-05-19 1984-12-01 Shiseido Co Ltd 化粧料
JPH058168B2 (de) * 1983-05-19 1993-02-01 Shiseido Kk
JPS6234962A (ja) * 1985-08-07 1987-02-14 メルク・パテント・ゲゼルシヤフト・ミツト・ベシユレンクテル・ハフツング 酸化鉄被覆層を有する真珠光沢顔料
JP2009173934A (ja) * 2009-01-27 2009-08-06 Merck Ltd 高輝度高彩度虹彩顔料およびその製造方法
US9631097B2 (en) 2012-10-02 2017-04-25 Eckart Gmbh Weather-resistant pearlescent pigments, process for the production and use thereof
JP2015535876A (ja) * 2012-10-02 2015-12-17 エッカルト ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングＥｃｋａｒｔ ＧｍｂＨ 耐候性真珠光沢顔料、それを製造するためのプロセス、およびそれの使用
US9909010B2 (en) 2012-12-20 2018-03-06 Merck Patent Gmbh Pigments
JP2016503082A (ja) * 2012-12-20 2016-02-01 メルク パテント ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングＭｅｒｃｋ Ｐａｔｅｎｔ Ｇｅｓｅｌｌｓｃｈａｆｔ ｍｉｔ ｂｅｓｃｈｒａｅｎｋｔｅｒ Ｈａｆｔｕｎｇ 顔料
JP2018507271A (ja) * 2014-12-19 2018-03-15 エッカルト ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングＥｃｋａｒｔ ＧｍｂＨ 高い彩度および高い輝度を有する金色効果顔料、それを生産するための方法、ならびにその使用
JP2018507272A (ja) * 2014-12-19 2018-03-15 エッカルト ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングＥｃｋａｒｔ ＧｍｂＨ 高い彩度および高い輝度を有する赤色装飾的顔料、それを生産するための方法、ならびにその使用
JP2018507924A (ja) * 2014-12-19 2018-03-22 エッカルト ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングＥｃｋａｒｔ ＧｍｂＨ 高い透明度、高い彩度、および高い輝度を有する効果顔料、それを生産するための方法、ならびにその使用
JP2018509487A (ja) * 2014-12-19 2018-04-05 エッカルト ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングＥｃｋａｒｔ ＧｍｂＨ 高い彩度および高い輝度を有する効果顔料、それを生産するための方法、ならびにその使用
US10759941B2 (en) 2014-12-19 2020-09-01 Eckart Gmbh Metal effect pigments with high chroma and high brilliancy, method for the production and use thereof
US10799432B2 (en) 2014-12-19 2020-10-13 Eckart Gmbh Effect pigments with high chroma and high brilliancy, method for the production and use thereof
US10934436B2 (en) 2014-12-19 2021-03-02 Eckart Gmbh Effect pigments having high transparency, high chroma and high brilliancy, method for the production and use thereof
US10947391B2 (en) 2014-12-19 2021-03-16 Eckart Gmbh Gold-coloured effect pigments having high chroma and high brilliancy, method for the production and use thereof
US11202739B2 (en) 2014-12-19 2021-12-21 Eckart Gmbh Red-coloured decorative pigments with high chroma and high brilliancy, method for their production and use of same
JP2022003140A (ja) * 2014-12-19 2022-01-11 エッカルト ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングEckart GmbH 高い彩度および高い輝度を有する効果顔料、それを生産するための方法、ならびにその使用

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IN143277B (de) 1977-10-29
DE2522572C2 (de) 1982-06-03
IE43109L (en) 1976-11-22
SU822757A3 (ru) 1981-04-15
NL7605473A (nl) 1976-11-24
SE412759B (sv) 1980-03-17
IT1061301B (it) 1983-02-28
DE2522572A1 (de) 1976-12-09
CS193544B2 (en) 1979-10-31
BE842130A (nl) 1976-11-22
SE7602746L (sv) 1976-11-23
BR7601188A (pt) 1977-02-01
IE43109B1 (en) 1980-12-17
ES448122A1 (es) 1977-11-01
CA1054755A (en) 1979-05-22
JPS5643068B2 (de) 1981-10-08
DD125932A5 (de) 1977-06-01
PL107380B1 (pl) 1980-02-29
FR2311824B1 (de) 1979-06-29
FR2311824A1 (fr) 1976-12-17
GB1533430A (en) 1978-11-22

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