JPH1066181A - イヤホン - Google Patents

イヤホン

Info

Publication number
JPH1066181A
JPH1066181A JP8237254A JP23725496A JPH1066181A JP H1066181 A JPH1066181 A JP H1066181A JP 8237254 A JP8237254 A JP 8237254A JP 23725496 A JP23725496 A JP 23725496A JP H1066181 A JPH1066181 A JP H1066181A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
earpiece
sound
earphone
opening
air chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP8237254A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
JP3815513B2 (ja
Inventor
Kouji Touno
耕治 投野
Katsuisa Murozaki
勝功 室崎
Naotaka Tsunoda
直隆 角田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sony Corp
Original Assignee
Sony Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sony Corp filed Critical Sony Corp
Priority to JP23725496A priority Critical patent/JP3815513B2/ja
Priority to KR1019970038237A priority patent/KR100487133B1/ko
Priority to TW086111533A priority patent/TW376674B/zh
Priority to SG1997002923A priority patent/SG55362A1/en
Priority to US08/910,663 priority patent/US5949896A/en
Priority to EP07019645A priority patent/EP1874079B1/en
Priority to DE69738190T priority patent/DE69738190T2/de
Priority to EP97306190A priority patent/EP0825796B1/en
Priority to EP10009435A priority patent/EP2254346B1/en
Publication of JPH1066181A publication Critical patent/JPH1066181A/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3815513B2 publication Critical patent/JP3815513B2/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1016Earpieces of the intra-aural type
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2803Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means for loudspeaker transducers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2815Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements of the bass reflex type
    • H04R1/2819Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements of the bass reflex type for loudspeaker transducers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/3827Portable transceivers
    • H04B1/385Transceivers carried on the body, e.g. in helmets
    • H04B2001/3866Transceivers carried on the body, e.g. in helmets carried on the head
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2811Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements for loudspeaker transducers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2815Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements of the bass reflex type
    • H04R1/2823Vents, i.e. ports, e.g. shape thereof or tuning thereof with damping material
    • H04R1/2826Vents, i.e. ports, e.g. shape thereof or tuning thereof with damping material for loudspeaker transducers

Abstract

(57)【要約】 【課題】 周波数特性が素直で、より自然な音感の得ら
れるイヤホンを提供する。 【解決手段】 オーディオ信号を音響に変換する電気音
響変換素子1を設ける。耳孔に挿入されたとき、電気音
響変換素子1の発した音を外耳道へ導くイヤーピース3
を、電気音響変換素子1の放音側に設ける。イヤーピー
ス3により形成された気室32を外部に開放する開口3
4を、イヤーピース3に設けるとともに、この開口34
に通気抵抗体35を設ける。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、音質を改善した
イヤホンに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】イヤホンは、基本的には図6に示すよう
に構成されている。すなわち、符号1は、オーディオ信
号を音響に変換する電気音響変換素子を示し、これは例
えばムービングコイル形に構成され、振動板11を有す
る。そして、素子1の放音側、つまり、前面には、振動
板11の保護板2が設けられるとともに、この保護板2
には、振動板11からの音波を通過させる透孔21が形
成される。
【0003】さらに、この保護板2の前面は、イヤーピ
ース3で覆われる。このイヤーピース3は、イヤホンの
使用時、リスナの耳孔に挿入される部分であり、このた
め、例えば適度の弾力性を有するプラスチック材によ
り、外耳道の入り口に対応した形状に形成される。そし
て、その先端には、放音用の開口(透孔)31が形成さ
れる。
【0004】また、素子1の背面は、プラスチック材に
より形成されたカバー4により覆われる。この場合、カ
バー4の内部において、素子1の背面には所定の容積の
気室41が形成されるとともに、この気室41が透孔4
2を通じて外部に開放され、素子1の背面に所定の制動
抵抗を有する音響回路が構成される。
【0005】さらに、素子1には、カバー4を通じてイ
ヤホンコード5が接続される。
【0006】したがって、イヤーピース3を耳孔へ挿入
すれば、素子1の発した音は、イヤーピース3を通じて
外耳道へと導かれ、これを聴くことができる。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところが、上述のイヤ
ホンの周波数特性を測定すると、例えば図2に曲線Xで
示すようになり、低音域が過剰で、こもった音になって
しまう。
【0008】これは、音響等価回路によると、次のよう
に説明される。すなわち、上述のイヤホンにおいては、
イヤーピース3により素子1の前面に気室32が形成さ
れるとともに、この気室32はほぼ閉じている。このた
め、図5に音響等価回路を示すように、気室32が音響
負荷として作用するとともに、この気室32は容量性
(容量CL)を示す。したがって、低音域では、制動側
が容量制御になるので、ほぼ平坦な周波数特性になる。
しかし、高音域では慣性制御になるので、レベル不足に
なる。つまり、図2に曲線Xで示すような周波数特性と
なる。
【0009】そこで、図7に示すように、イヤーピース
3に小孔33を設け、低音域のレベルを下げることが考
えられる。
【0010】しかし、このようにすると、図4に音響等
価回路を示すように、音響負荷は、気室32による容量
CLと、小孔33によるイナータンスMLとの並列回路に
なる。したがって、低音域では、慣性負荷になるので、
図2に曲線Yにより周波数特性の測定結果を示すよう
に、低音域のレベルの減衰が急峻になり、低音の伸びが
なくなる。また、容量CLおよびイナータンスMLにより
中音域に共振を生じるようになる。この結果、くせのあ
る音となり、音質上の問題が避けられない。
【0011】この発明は、以上のような問題点を解決し
ようとするものである。
【0012】
【課題を解決するための手段】この発明においては、オ
ーディオ信号を音響に変換する電気音響変換素子と、こ
の電気音響変換素子の放音側に設けられ、耳孔に挿入さ
れたとき、上記電気音響変換素子の発した音を外耳道へ
導くイヤーピースとを有するイヤホンにおいて、上記イ
ヤーピースにより上記電気音響変換素子の放音側に形成
された気室を外部に開放する開口を、上記イヤーピース
に設けるとともに、この開口に通気抵抗体を設けるよう
にしたイヤホンとするものである。
【0013】この結果、低音域の過剰さが抑えられると
ともに、中音域の共振も解消され、素直な周波数特性と
される。
【0014】
【発明の実施の形態】図1において、イヤホンが、電気
音響変換素子1、イヤーピース3およびカバー4などに
より例えば図6において説明したように構成される。た
だし、このとき、イヤーピース3に、所定の大きさの開
口(透孔)34が形成されるとともに、この開口34を
ふさぐように、イヤーピース3の内側に、通気抵抗とし
て例えば不織布35が貼付される。
【0015】この場合、開口34は、イヤーピース3の
うち、これを耳孔に挿入したときに外耳道が接する部分
よりも外側の部分に形成される。また、開口34(およ
び不織布35)の数は、目的とする特性が得られるよう
に、複数個とすることができる。
【0016】このような構成によれば、気室32は、開
口34および不織布35を通じて外部に開放されるとと
もに、このとき、不織布35により通気抵抗が与えられ
るので、このイヤホンの音響等価回路は図3に示すよう
になり、音響負荷は、気室32による容量CLと、不織
布35による抵抗RLとの並列回路になる。したがっ
て、低音域および中音域ではレベルが減衰するととも
に、低音域に向かってなだらかに減衰する。また、開口
34により中音域における共振が解消される。
【0017】図2において、曲線Aは、図1のイヤホン
の周波数特性の測定結果を示すもので、この測定結果か
らも明らかなように、低音域が過剰となることがなく、
しかも、より低い周波数まで特性が伸びている。また、
中音域に共振がなく、特性が平坦である。
【0018】こうして、このイヤホンによれば、より優
れた周波数特性を得ることができるので、これまでのイ
ヤホンでは実現しにくかった、より自然な音感を得るこ
とができる。しかも、そのためには、イヤーピース3に
開口34および不織布35を設けるだけでよい。
【0019】なお、上述において、イヤーピース3は、
硬質のプラスチック材により構成することできる。
【0020】
【発明の効果】この発明によれば、周波数特性が素直
で、より自然な音感のイヤホンを得ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】この発明の一形態を示す断面図である。
【図2】周波数特性の測定結果を示す図である。
【図3】この発明の一形態の音響等価回路である。
【図4】この発明を説明するための音響等価回路であ
る。
【図5】この発明を説明するための音響等価回路であ
る。
【図6】この発明を説明するための断面図である。
【図7】この発明を説明するための断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1=電気音響変換素子、2=保護板、3=イヤーピー
ス、4=カバー、5=イヤホンコード、11=振動板、
31=透孔、32=気室、34=開口、35=不織布、
41=気室、42=透孔

Claims (2)

    【特許請求の範囲】
  1. 【請求項1】オーディオ信号を音響に変換する電気音響
    変換素子と、 この電気音響変換素子の放音側に設けられ、耳孔に挿入
    されたとき、上記電気音響変換素子の発した音を外耳道
    へ導くイヤーピースとを有するイヤホンにおいて、 上記イヤーピースにより上記電気音響変換素子の放音側
    に形成された気室を外部に開放する開口を、上記イヤー
    ピースに設けるとともに、 この開口に通気抵抗体を設けるようにしたイヤホン。
  2. 【請求項2】請求項1に記載のイヤホンにおいて、 上記イヤーピースを弾性体により形成するようにしたイ
    ヤホン。
JP23725496A 1996-08-19 1996-08-19 イヤホン Expired - Lifetime JP3815513B2 (ja)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP23725496A JP3815513B2 (ja) 1996-08-19 1996-08-19 イヤホン
KR1019970038237A KR100487133B1 (ko) 1996-08-19 1997-08-11 이어폰
TW086111533A TW376674B (en) 1996-08-19 1997-08-12 Earphone
US08/910,663 US5949896A (en) 1996-08-19 1997-08-13 Earphone
SG1997002923A SG55362A1 (en) 1996-08-19 1997-08-13 Earphone
EP07019645A EP1874079B1 (en) 1996-08-19 1997-08-14 Earphone
DE69738190T DE69738190T2 (de) 1996-08-19 1997-08-14 Hörkapsel
EP97306190A EP0825796B1 (en) 1996-08-19 1997-08-14 Earphone
EP10009435A EP2254346B1 (en) 1996-08-19 1997-08-14 Earphone

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP23725496A JP3815513B2 (ja) 1996-08-19 1996-08-19 イヤホン

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH1066181A true JPH1066181A (ja) 1998-03-06
JP3815513B2 JP3815513B2 (ja) 2006-08-30

Family

ID=17012691

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP23725496A Expired - Lifetime JP3815513B2 (ja) 1996-08-19 1996-08-19 イヤホン

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5949896A (ja)
EP (3) EP2254346B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP3815513B2 (ja)
KR (1) KR100487133B1 (ja)
DE (1) DE69738190T2 (ja)
SG (1) SG55362A1 (ja)
TW (1) TW376674B (ja)

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JP2008017473A (ja) * 2006-06-30 2008-01-24 Bose Corp イヤフォン
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JP2010004378A (ja) * 2008-06-20 2010-01-07 Final Audio Design Jimusho Kk カナレ型イヤフォン
KR100946259B1 (ko) 2008-03-11 2010-03-09 크레신 주식회사 체크밸브가 적용된 헤드폰
JP2011049686A (ja) * 2009-08-25 2011-03-10 Molex Inc イヤホン
JP2012015689A (ja) * 2010-06-30 2012-01-19 Elecom Co Ltd イヤーキャップ及びイヤーキャップを備えたイヤホン
JP2012151575A (ja) * 2011-01-17 2012-08-09 Final Audio Design Jimusho Kk イヤホン用プレッシャーカバー及びイヤホン
JP2012525799A (ja) * 2009-04-30 2012-10-22 ヴェルト メディカル ソリューションズ、エルエルシー イヤホンシステム
JP2013085302A (ja) * 2013-02-08 2013-05-09 Sony Corp イヤホン装置
JP2013123260A (ja) * 2013-02-08 2013-06-20 Sony Corp イヤホン装置
US8594351B2 (en) 2006-06-30 2013-11-26 Bose Corporation Equalized earphones
US8611581B2 (en) 2006-01-12 2013-12-17 Sony Corporation Earphone device
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CN101433097A (zh) 2006-03-24 2009-05-13 森海泽电子两合公司 耳机及音量调节单元
US7889881B2 (en) * 2006-04-25 2011-02-15 Chris Ostrowski Ear canal speaker system method and apparatus
US8073181B2 (en) 2006-06-30 2011-12-06 Bose Corporation Passive headphone equalizing
US8249287B2 (en) 2010-08-16 2012-08-21 Bose Corporation Earpiece positioning and retaining
KR100757462B1 (ko) 2006-07-14 2007-09-11 삼성전자주식회사 이어폰
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