JPH09191761A - Cultivation of eustoma russellianum g. don and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the quality and yield and provide labor saving in irrigation at the time of carrying out the treatment at a low temperature when cultivating Eustoma russellianum G. Don and provide an apparatus therefor. SOLUTION: The growth of a seedling of Eustoma russellianum G. Don seeded before the summer season is suppressed during a period from a stage of a constant growth to the autumn season suitable for setting by carrying out the low-temperature treatment and the seedling is then rapidly grown by the subsequent setting. Thereby, the Eustoma russellianum G. Don is flowered by the winter season within the year or early spring next year. In this case, the period of seeding is accelerated to the period when an unrosetted seedling is obtained. The low-temperature treatment of the grown seedling in the unrosetted state is carried out and the temperature for the low-temperature treatment is set within the range of >0 to <=8 deg.C to attain the setting period.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technique for cultivating Eustoma grandiflorum, and more particularly to a method and an apparatus for cultivating Eustoma grandiflorum which can improve the quality and yield when forcibly cultivating a large amount of seedlings in a warm region.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Eustoma grandiflorum is basically a perennial plant that is sown in the autumn and blooms after the following spring. It grows into rosettes in a seedling of about 1 cm and overwinters.

However, in Japan, there is a great demand for flowering in winter, especially in the spring season, so growers generally carry out forced cultivation using rosette-breaking seedlings by low temperature treatment.

That is, when sowing lisianthus around June, seedlings will be rosette around July, so the rosette seedlings will be kept at low temperature until around September, and then planted and grown in a greenhouse or greenhouse. And blooming in winter.

The low temperature treatment in this case is carried out by planting seedlings (real leaves 4 to 4).
6 sheets) must be treated at 10 ° C and 500 lux for 30 to 40 days.

Irrigation during low-temperature treatment for 40 days is required about once every 10 days in a garden pan capable of accommodating a large amount of culture soil, but when a container with a small amount of soil such as a 406-well cell tray is used. It is necessary to irrigate once every 4-5 days. In this case, if the upper watering is performed in a refrigerating room, it takes a long time for the leaf surface to dry, which leads to the occurrence of Botrytis cinerea. For this reason, irrigation is performed after the seedling raising tray is taken out of the room in the evening, and is restocked when the leaf surface water is dried early in the morning. In the refrigerating room used for low-temperature treatment, shelves are installed at intervals of about 20 cm so that more seedlings can be treated, and the working space inside the refrigerator is very limited. It is accepted as an action.

Conventionally, the rosette seedlings have been broken down by low-temperature treatment, but the low-temperature treatment is usually performed at 10 to 12 ° C.

However, according to this method, when seedlings that are not completely rosette are mixed, bolting is started during the treatment, and the quality of the seedlings deteriorates.

[0009]

In the conventional lisianthus cultivation technique, it takes a lot of time and labor to irrigate during low temperature treatment, and there are problems such as disease occurrence. The low-temperature treatment is intended for rosette seedlings, but there is a problem in quality, yield, etc., such as the start of bolting during low-temperature treatment due to the mixing of non-rosette seedlings.

An object of the present invention is to improve quality and yield when cultivating lisianthus and to save labor for irrigation during low temperature treatment.

[0011]

[Means for Solving the Problems] The inventor examined the bolting during low-temperature treatment that causes a decrease in yield. First, there was a problem in that the lisianthus seedlings to be low-temperature treated were rosette seedlings. I found out. That is,
Conventionally, sowing is generally performed in the beginning of June, and the time of rosette formation is reached around the beginning of July, but actually, the time of rosette formation is slightly different for each seedling. Therefore, at the time of low-temperature treatment, unrosetted seedlings are contained in the range of 1 to 50%, and the un-rosetted seedlings are bleeded during the low-temperature treatment.

Next, in the conventional technique, the low temperature treatment temperature is set to 10
It was also found that there was a problem in that the temperature was set to about ° C. Certainly, the growth of rosette seedlings is interrupted at 10 ° C. But,
At this temperature, the unrosetted seedlings grow and become incompletely developed and bloom by bleeding, reducing the commercial value.

However, when the low temperature treatment is performed at 8 ° C. or lower,
We also found that unrosetted seedlings also interrupted growth. If the seeding time is about one month earlier than in the past and sowing is performed in early May, the seedlings grow to a height less than that of the rosette seedlings in early June, and almost all the seedlings have not been grown at this point. We also found that it was a rosette seedling. Furthermore, it was confirmed that these unrosetted seedlings survived 100% even after low-temperature treatment until around September (100 days or more) (generally, the survival rate decreased from around 140 days to 210 days). Almost exhausted after passing).

The invention of claim 1 is based on the above findings, and the eustoma seedlings sown before the summer period are kept from a certain growth stage to a suitable autumn period for planting.
In the method of forcing culture of eustoma in which growth is suppressed by low-temperature treatment and then grown by subsequent planting and flowering by the winter of the year or early spring of the following year, the time of sowing is until the time when a rosette-free seedling is obtained. In addition to being accelerated, the grown seedlings are subjected to low temperature treatment in a non-rosetted state, and the low temperature treatment temperature is set in the range of more than 0 ° C and 8 ° C or less to reach the planting time.

In the present invention, the preferable sowing time is early May.

The desirable range of the low temperature treatment temperature is 3 ° C.
As described above, the temperature is 6 ° C or lower, and particularly preferably 5 ° C.

According to the method of the present invention, approximately 1 after low temperature treatment.
You can get high quality eustoma with a probability of 00%.

Further, the invention of claim 2 relates to an apparatus for low temperature treatment which is desirable for carrying out the above method.

That is, according to the second aspect of the invention, the room temperature is 8 ° C.
It is a cultivating device that has the following refrigerating building that is kept at a low temperature, a shelf installed in this building, and a plurality of seedling raising trays that are supported by this shelf, and that keeps eustoma seedlings at a low temperature for a certain period of time. A gutter for accumulating water is attached to the shelf, and a water-absorbing mat that is laid at the bottom of the seedling-raising tray and wets the seedling-raising tray is partially immersed in the water in the gutter. It is characterized by being installed.

According to the present invention, there is no need to take it out from the refrigerating building, and there is almost no risk of disease occurrence. For example, a trough that can be used for watering chicken is installed on each shelf on which the tray is placed, and a bottom water-absorbing mat for pots is laid down in the trough. Then, when the cell tray is placed on the mat, the water stored in the gutter is sucked up from the mat. Only by replenishing the gutter water every few days, it is not necessary to put in or take out the tray and irrigate.

When the seedlings were refrigerated for a long time (100 days or more) by this method, no mold was observed and the seedlings were sound. Moreover, when this seedling was planted, it grew healthy and flowered. It should be noted that if the treatment temperature is high, bleeding will start during the treatment and roots will enter the water-absorbing mat.

When the seedlings not in the rosette are stored at low temperature, the temperature is higher than 0 ° C and lower than 8 ° C (most preferably 5 ° C).
By adjusting the temperature to ℃), it is possible to suppress bleeding during low temperature storage for a long period of time and prevent roots from invading the water absorbing mat.

A third aspect of the present invention is a method for low temperature treatment of eustoma using the apparatus according to the second aspect,
A feature is that a plug tray having a plurality of plugs is used as a seedling raising tray, and a plurality of Eustoma grandiflorum seedlings are inserted into each plug of the plug tray for cultivation.

This makes it possible to harvest 3 to 4 times as much as in the conventional case where one plug is implanted in each plug.

[0025]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the arrangement of an eustoma cultivating apparatus according to this embodiment, particularly a low-temperature processing apparatus.

This low-temperature treatment apparatus comprises a refrigerating building 1 for keeping the indoor temperature at a low temperature of 8 ° C. or lower by a refrigerator (not shown),
Fluorescent lamp 1a as a lighting device installed in this building 1
And a plurality of shelves 2 (for example, at intervals of 20 cm in height), and a plurality of seedling raising trays 4 that are placed side by side on the shelves 3 of the respective shelves 2.

Along with each side of each shelf plate 3 of the shelf 2, there is provided a water collecting trough 5 which is, for example, a horizontally long (long in the thickness direction of the drawing) rain gutter.

Further, a water-absorbing mat 6 made of porous fiber, felt or the like is laid in a strip shape under the seedling-raising tray 4 at each stage of the shelf 2, and one end of the water-absorbing mat 6 is placed in the water 7 in the gutter 5. It is hung in a soaking condition. As a result, the water 7 in the gutter 5 is absorbed by the water-absorbing mat 6 from one end side by a capillary phenomenon, and the entire water-absorbing mat 6 is in a wet state, and by extension, water is constantly supplied to the seedling-growing tray 4 on the water-absorbing mat 6 to be in a wet state. It is designed to be.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the structure of the plug tray 4a applied to the seedling raising tray 4. The plug tray 4a has, for example, 12,000 to 15,000 plugs /
The plugs 8 are formed at a rate of 10 ares, and 3 to 4 eustoma plants are collectively planted in each plug 8.

Next, a cultivation method using the above apparatus will be described with reference to FIG. This FIG. 3 is a time chart showing the state of raising seedlings, with the horizontal axis indicating time (month of calendar) and the vertical axis indicating the length extension dimension. The solid line curve in FIG. 3 represents the case according to the present embodiment, and the virtual line curve in FIG. 3 represents the case according to the conventional method.

In the present embodiment, the seeding time of Eustoma grandiflorum was sowed in early May by about 1 month earlier than in the conventional case (early June). Approximately one month later, a few mm long unrosette seedlings (lower in height than rosette seedlings (about 1 cm)) were obtained. This is used for each plug 8 of the plug tray 4a described above.
Planted in groups of 3 to 4 each (about 45,000 seedlings / 1
It was installed on the shelf plate 3 of the low temperature treatment device.

Then, a refrigerator (not shown) is operated to set the temperature in the refrigerating building 1 to 5 ° C., and the water 7 in the gutter 5 is supplied to the plug tray 4a through the water absorbing mat 6 to be supplied in September. Kept at low temperature. During this period, the growth of un-rosetted seedlings was suppressed, and none of the plants were bolted, depleted, or diseased.

After this, planting is carried out to resume growth, and 1
When it was made to bloom in February, a high quality eustoma with well-developed flower stems was obtained with a probability of about 100%.

[0035]

As described above in detail, according to the method of the present invention, high-quality lisianthus can be cultivated with high yield and in large quantities. Further, by using the apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to omit a complicated irrigation work at the time of low-temperature treatment and to facilitate the work.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a cultivation device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a configuration example of the seedling raising tray shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a time chart showing an embodiment of a cultivation method according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Refrigerating building 1a Fluorescent lamp 2 Shelf 3 Shelf board 4 Seedling raising tray 4a Plug tray 5 Gutter 6 Water absorption mat 7 Water 8 Plug

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. Eustoma grandiflorum seedlings sown before the summer are kept under low temperature treatment during a period from a certain growth stage to a suitable autumn for planting, and are grown by subsequent planting to grow in the winter or the following year. In the method for forcibly cultivating Eustoma grandiflorum to flower by early spring, the seeding time is advanced to a time when a seedling that does not become a rosette is obtained, and the grown seedling is subjected to low temperature treatment in a non-rosetted state, and the low temperature treatment temperature is set. A method for cultivating lisianthus, which is characterized in that the planting time is reached by setting the temperature in the range from 0 ° C to 8 ° C. 2. A refrigerating building for keeping the room temperature at a low temperature of 8 ° C. or lower, a shelf installed in the building, and a plurality of seedling-raising trays supported by the shelf, and the eustoma seedlings are kept constant. A cultivation apparatus for maintaining a low temperature for a period of time, which is provided with a trough for accumulating water to accompany the shelf, and a water-absorbing mat which is laid at the bottom of the seedling raising tray and wets the seedling raising tray, A device for cultivating eustoma, which is installed so that part of it is immersed in the water inside. 3. A method for low temperature treatment of lisianthus using the apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a plug tray having a plurality of plugs is used as a seedling raising tray, and a plurality of plugs are provided for each plug of the plug tray. A method for cultivating Eustoma grandiflorum, which comprises culturing by inserting seeds of Eustoma grandiflorum each.