KR20120103227A - The growing method of hydroponics ginseng and the system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: Hydroponic ginseng cultivation method and system are provided to improve the planting rate of ginseng using ginseng seedlings planted on planting holes on a permanent planting bed. CONSTITUTION: A hydroponic ginseng cultivation method comprises the following steps: preparing ginseng seedlings grown for 1 year(S100); testing for remaining agricultural medicines of the ginseng seedlings(S200); inserting the ginseng seedlings into a coconut peat medium soaked in distilled water, and storing the ginseng seedlings at 1-2 deg C for 1-10 months(S300); discharging the ginseng seedlings at room temperature in the sterilized state(S400); planting the ginseng seedlings in a light-shielded planting bed filled with coconut peat with the interval 2 by 2 cm, and germinating the ginseng seedlings for 10-15 days(S500); planting the ginseng seedlings in a cultivation tub, and growing the ginseng seedlings for 3-4 months before harvesting leaves, stems, and roots(S600, S700). [Reference numerals] (AA) Start; (BB) Finish; (S100) Preparing ginseng seedlings; (S200) Testing for remaining agricultural medicines; (S300) Pre-cooling; (S400) Discharging the ginseng seedlings; (S500) Germinating the ginseng seedlings; (S600) Growing the ginseng seedlings; (S700) Harvesting the ginseng seedlings

Description

The growing method of hydroponics ginseng and the system

The present invention relates to a hydroponic ginseng cultivation method and system, and more particularly, to a hydroponic ginseng production method and system using a multi-stage spray-glass bed and an artificial light source in a facility.

Ginseng is a plant native to Shimshan, which has been mined and medicated. However, as the production was depleted, artificial cultivation began in the 16th century. The literature describing the cultivation method is Haedong History and Officers Sixteen (林園 十六 志). ), Supplementary literature remarks, and conventional farming methods investigated by the former Korean Samjungguk (구 國 蔘 政局).

Since then, the cultivation method of Gaesong province and the cultivation method of Geumsan province have been introduced, but the standard cultivation method is now implemented nationwide.

The characteristics of ginseng cultivation are different from other crops, so it is divided into preparatory stage, seedling stage and main stage.

⑴ Selecting and Managing Sites: The terrain is flat or mildly sloped to the north or northeast, and there are few open areas without high mountains or windbreaks in the north. Soil is a loam or loam soil, and subsoil is a loam soil with a lot of clay quality. The pastures are good and the fields should be more than 10 years and paddy fields more than 6 years. The site should be closed for at least one to two years, during which the ground should be ground at least 15 times per year, more than 15 cm deep, aired, and sterilized by daylight or chemical spray to prevent pests.

⑵ Gait control and sowing: Seeds must be artificially put in care and planted on seedlings. The management is unique. Seed storage is different from other crops, and is stored in a unique facility, and the gait management is performed near planting. Gaggak care ensures proper germination by proper moisture and temperature.

Seeds to be sown are removed from the Gaejangcho 2 ~ 3 days before sowing, separated with sand and separated by sand, washed with water, washed only with seeds, stored in a shaded and cool place so as not to dry, and then disinfected after sowing. do. The sowing season is in late October to mid-November and spring is in mid-March. First, drill the gap evenly on the top surface to be sown, and carefully seed the seeds one by one.

⑶ The Ilbo hypothesis (日 覆 架設)? Transplantation: Since ginseng avoids direct sunlight, the Ilbo hypothesis is necessary. The Ilbok hypothesis should be 90cm in height and 54cm in thickness, and the coverings will be covered with this to prevent damage from direct sunlight and heavy rain. Seedling seedlings grown for 1 year in the seedling are transplanted to Hanko in late March to early April.

⑷ Fertilizer: Ginseng cultivation does not use manure or chemical fertilizer. The fertilizer of ginseng is mainly called medicinal soil (藥 土), which is prepared and fertilized by farmers. The method of preparation is as follows.

① Accumulate the leaves and leaves of hardwoods outdoors and water them properly, invert them 2-3 times a month, crush them completely so that there is no roughness, and then beat them with an iron.

② In order to promote the ripening of hardwood leaves or deciduous leaves, when adding rice bran, jelly, powdered powder, etc., the ratio of hardwood soil to additive should be 50: 1.

⑸ Harvesting and harvesting: The principle of harvesting ginseng is once every 4 years. In harvesting, red ginseng is harvested for 6 years, and white ginseng for 4-5 years.

The production of ginseng according to the conventional tillage method is slow in productivity despite a lot of time, effort and facility labor costs from selection of the planned site to harvesting, and there is a problem that it takes several years to several decades to develop new varieties.

In particular, ginseng germinates in the spring, after several months of growth, leaves become yellowed in November, and after the brains are formed, they enter a dormant state for several months under low temperature, and then germinate and grow again. have.

As mentioned above, in general cultivation of ginseng, the first screw (NASA) is an economical cultivation method that is easy to maintain and productive compared to the problem of selection and management of planting area, or proper light and humidity control according to the daily hypothesis. ) Provides a method of producing ginseng under extreme environmental conditions or hydroponic cultivation, a method used in spacecraft.

For reference, other crops used for hydroponic culture include leafy vegetables such as lettuce, leafy persimmon, garland chrysanthemum, green onions, fruit and vegetables such as tomatoes, cucumbers, green peppers, eggplant watermelons, strawberries, and various vegetables such as bok choy, mustard, red chicory, tulips, Hydroponics is widely used in bulbs such as hyacinths, daffodils, fruit trees such as pineapples, taro, sweet potatoes, onions, vegetables such as bean sprouts, plants like begonias, violets, geraniums, marigolds, and houseplants such as ferremia, ivy and lucky tree. The situation is using.

In hydroponic cultivation, seedlings grown appropriately from seedlings without using soil are transplanted into the cultivation tank and the essential nutrients needed for the crops are supplied to the roots of the crops. It is a composite medium provided with a drop hose at the top of the badge bed, and a cold and hot water pipe at the bottom of the cultivation tank. The granular facet and the pearlite layer are alternately arranged or alternately placed in the channel shape badge bed, The nutrient solution deposited through the perforated mesh installed in the lower medium bed formed by the mixed mixing medium is collected in the drainage container and drained through the drainage channel to improve the water retention or to keep the nutrient solution supply period constant so that the nutrient solution is extended. It can be seen that to save the consumption of.

In addition, among other domestic source technologies, Korean Patent No. 10-0463429 'Nutrient Spray Hydroponic Cultivation Device' is a hydroponic cultivation device that supplies nutrient solution to the roots of crops in hydroponic culture. Arbitrary bone of any type as nutrient solution paper on both ends of the support frame attached with nutrient spray nozzles connected with nutrient solution supply pipes at the bottom supported by the support between the bottom of the support frame placed between the plurality of connections on the upper side. Forming and replanting of the mounting plate placed on the upper side of the support frame, nutrient spraying the roots of the leaf vegetable crops planted in the planting, nutrients in the state exposed to the air rather than containing the root of the crop in the nutrient solution It is meant to supply.

Hydroponic cultivation in the latter way of supplying nutrients to the roots of the crops planted in the culture medium of the cultivation tank as described above, or by planting on the mounting plate placed on the upper part of the cultivation tank and spraying nutrients around the roots. There is a source technology applied to the recent ginseng cultivation.

The ginseng hydroponic cultivation system disclosed in Korean Patent No. 10-0959254 'Cleaning Fresh Ginseng and Ginseng Leaf Production Method' as a representative source technology is, "After preparing seedlings stored at low temperature in a mixed medium formed inside the bed with drainage grooves, Spray ginseng hydroponic cultivation spraying to the root of seedlings through medium hard ginseng hydroponic cultivation or mist nozzle to supply the prepared nutrient solution to the mixed medium, the nutrient solution flows into the nutrient solution tank through the drain hole formed at one end of the bed and reused Ginseng hydroponic cultivation tank in the present technology is a first medium or a first medium containing the same ratio of regular clay and masato in the same ratio, or a second medium composed of the same ratio of river sand and top soil. It is disclosed by the ginseng hydroponic culture and ginseng hydroponic culture method by mist made.

In addition, as another ginseng hydroponic cultivation method and apparatus, Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2010-0121042 discloses, "In the hydroponic cultivation of edible and ornamental plants containing ginseng, houseplants and root plants, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus is contained in a culture tank Water and mycelium or nutrients are dissolved to create a bubble culture water, and the growth plate is configured to be reversibly moved on the growth plate housing provided to be convenient to move in the chevron shape, easy to combine and separate; Germination pad is sown and the bubble culture water is absorbed in the lower portion so that the seeds germinate; a seeding plate is formed on the top of the germination pad is formed along the outer circumferential surface is formed with a border of the predetermined width and the distribution tray is formed at the lower portion. The configured ginseng hydroponic cultivation method and system are disclosed.

Document 1 KR 20-0174607 Y1 1999.12.29 Document 2 KR 10-0463429 B1 2004.12.15 [Reference 3] KR 10-0959254 B1 2010.05.14 Document 4 KR 10-2010-0121042 A 2010.11.17

In the present invention, in the ginseng hydroponic cultivation system or method as described above, of the ginseng cultivation system and production method by hydroponic cultivation in the conventional background techniques, in particular, to provide a hydroponic ginseng cultivation system using a spray light bed artificial light source Multi-stage cultivation to increase production per unit area and to maintain economically due to the cultivation tank that maintains a certain slope for the natural recovery of waste waste liquid at the bottom of the cultivation tank. It increases the planting rate by forming seedlings and planting seedlings.In particular, in the nutrient solution supply, the liquid supply pipe is installed directly below the bottom of the bed top plate. To increase the yield, especially based on the reference light suitable for the growth of ginseng It is to provide an economical and productive method of producing hydroponic ginseng by irradiating artificial light sources in a controlled manner to maintain appropriate light rays.

In view of the above, in the present invention, a step of preparing seedlings 1 year after planting (S100), a step of analyzing through the pesticide residue test for the prepared seedlings (S200), and the seedlings without pesticide residue test is Put in a coconut pit medium soaked in distilled water to be 80% humidity, pre-cooling step (S300) to store for 1 to 10 months at -2 ℃, thawing at room temperature in a sterile state (S400), 30 ~ 50% Coconut planted at 2 * 2cm intervals in a bed filled with coconut pit in a shaded facility of the plant to germinate for 10-15 days (S500), and growth stage by spraying plants for 3-4 months (S600) Hydroponic ginseng production method characterized in that the final step (S700) to harvest the leaves, stems, and roots through;

In the facility, the bed (20) of 50 * 100 * 25cm width * length * height is fixed on the vertical three-stage bench (50) by 30cm intervals using stainless round pipes or round or square galvanized pipes. The length of the bed is placed at the bottom, 10cm above the ground, separated from the soil, and 145cm in height with a slope of 1 ° to one side.

The installed cultivation tank 100 covers the inside and the outer surface of the tunnel-type styrofoam bed 20 with an open upper portion with an aluminum deposition film 21, and covers the bed top plate 30 of the styrofoam material bed 20. It is installed on the top, but down to the bed upper surface and the bed side with another aluminum deposition film 32,

On the bed top plate 30 covered with the aluminum deposition film 32, '*' type planting holes 31 of 3 * 3cm size are formed in four rows in the length direction of the cultivation tank at intervals of 5 * 5cm.

I cut the center of urethane sponge of width * side * thickness 3 * 3 * 2.5cm standard and wrap it in the seedling (40) stem for formality and plant it in the planting hole 31,

The nutrient solution water supply line 12 having a diameter of 20 mm branched from the feed pump 11 of the nutrient solution container 10 is installed in the middle of the upper side of the bed 20 in the longitudinal direction, and the longitudinal bed 20 having the lower slope Quarterly installed waste nutrient recovery hole (13a) in the side part to be collected in a separate collection tank (not shown),

The hydroponic ginseng cultivation system and the cultivation tank 100 are installed on both sides of the nutrient solution water supply line 12 installed close to the bed top plate at a distance of 40 cm. ) And another cultivation tank 100 'installed with the bed top plate 30', and then the LED artificial light source (60) in the middle of the round or square galvanized pipe installed at a height of 30 cm from the bed top plate 30 '. However, the artificial light source 60 is always operated when the amount of solar light is 5,000 lux or less by the power control unit 61 interlocked with the light quantity measuring device 62 separately installed in the facility so that the insufficient amount of light is optimally controlled every day. It is to provide a hydroponic ginseng cultivation system characterized by.

In the three-stage installed cultivation tank in the hydroponic ginseng cultivation method and system according to the present invention, the yield per unit area is increased and the cultivation bottom is formed at a certain slope to be managed with economical maintenance costs by the method of natural wastewater recovery. A planting hole of certain size and shape is formed in the bed to increase the planting rate by planting seedlings.In particular, in the nutrient solution supply, the liquid supply pipe is installed directly below the bottom of the bed top and sprayed downward from the root of the seedlings. Compared to the conventional bottom-up spray mirror method which stops for 5 minutes after feeding 1 minute by bed method, nutrient solution is supplied by supplying nutrient solution for 50 seconds after feeding for 10 seconds. Comparing agent that irradiates artificial light source with insufficient amount of light It is a useful invention to provide a method and system for producing hydroponic ginseng, which is more economical and productive than the method of manually adjusting the shading curtain in a conventional facility by maintaining a proper light beam at all times.

1 is a flow chart of the production method of hydroponic ginseng
2 is a perspective view of a multi-stage spray mirror cultivation system
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the cultivation of the spray hydroponic ginseng cultivation system
Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the cultivation of hydroponic ginseng cultivation system using an artificial light source

In order to achieve the above object, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail by the accompanying drawings.

1 is a flow chart of the production method of hydroponic ginseng.

Referring to Figure 1, the hydroponic ginseng production method of the present invention is a step of preparing a seedling ginseng 1 year after sowing (S100), the step of analyzing through the pesticide residue test for the prepared seedlings (S200), and pesticide residue test problem Seedlings that do not have a pre-cooling step (S300) stored in a medium of coconut pit soaked in distilled water to be 80% humidity for 1-10 months at? 2 ℃, thawing at room temperature in a sterile state (S400), Planted at an angle of 2 * 2cm at an interval of 2 * 2cm in a bed filled with coconut pit in a 30-50% shaded facility, germinating for 10-15 days (S500), and grown in a cultivation tank for 3-4 months by spraying After the development step (S600) consists of the final step (S700) to harvest the leaves, stems, roots.

In the production method, seedlings undergoing pre-cooling and germination in cultivation and seeding and rooting seedlings are shown in Table 1 below.

     step                          Picture S300

S500

Seedlings before planting

S600

After meal
Day 39
Seedling

Looking at the main system of the cultivation system that grows and grows according to the hydroponic ginseng cultivation method in detail as follows.

Figure 2 is a perspective view of a multi-stage spray gourd cultivation system, Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the cultivation tank of the spray gourd ginseng cultivation system,

The cultivation tank 100 of the spray light cultivation system according to the present invention is a bed 20 having a width * length * height of 50 * 100 * 25cm standard using sten round pipes or round or square galvanized pipes. Its height is placed on the vertical three-stage bench (50) at 30cm intervals, and the bed located at the bottom is installed at 10cm height from the ground above the mulching ground separated from the soil, but installed at a height of 145cm with a slope of 1 ° to one side do.

The installed cultivation tank 100 covers the inside and the outer surface of the tunnel-type styrofoam bed 20 with an open upper portion with an aluminum deposition film 21, and covers the bed top plate 30 of the styrofoam material bed 20. It is installed on the top, but the aluminum deposition film 32 to cover the bed upper surface and the bed side to increase the light reflection efficiency.

On the bed top plate 30 covered with the aluminum deposition film 32, '*' type planting hole 31 of 3 * 3cm standard is formed in four rows in the length direction of the cultivation tank at intervals of 5 * 5cm.

Horizontal * horizontal * thickness 3 * 3 * 2.5 ㎝ tearing the center of the urethane sponge wraps the formal seedlings (40) stems and planted in the planting hole (31).

The nutrient solution water supply line 12 having a diameter of 20 mm branched from the feed pump 11 of the nutrient solution container 10 is installed in the middle of the upper side of the bed 20 in the longitudinal direction, and the longitudinal bed 20 having the lower slope Waste nutrient recovery holes (15) are installed on each side to be collected in a separate collecting tank (not shown).

In the above, both sides of the nutrient solution water supply line 12 installed close to the bed plate is installed 50 ~ 100㎛ spray nozzles every 40cm intervals.

Through the nutrient solution supply line 12 installed as described above, the nutrient solution is operated in a manner in which the nutrient solution is stopped for 10 seconds and 50 seconds by the timer (not shown) and the feed pump 11 provided in the nutrient container 10. It is.

On the other hand, in the nutrient container inside the cooling and heating rod (10a) to maintain the liquid temperature at 25 ℃ always to increase the nutrient absorption metabolism of the hydroponic ginseng spraying, so that the root zone temperature is maintained in the 15 ~ 30 ℃ range.

The nutrient solution prepared in the nutrient solution container 10 according to the present invention has an ion concentration of 1.2 ± 0.4 dS / m, which is 1/2 unit of the standard nutrient solution of the Japanese Horticultural Testing Laboratory, which is widely used, and the ginseng hydroponic range of pH 5.5-6.5. Use standard nutrient solutions for cultivation.

Formal seedlings formulated in the cultivation tank 100 provided as a cultivation system as described above is to harvest short-term within a period of 3-4 months.

On the other hand, Figure 4 with reference to the cross-sectional view showing the cultivation of hydroponic ginseng cultivation system using an artificial light source, looking at another cultivation system of the present invention as follows.

In the facility, the bed (20 ') of width * length * height 50 * 100 * 25cm is separated from the soil by using stainless steel round pipe or bench (50') with round or square galvanized pipe. The cultivation tank 100 'is installed in one step with a slope of 1 ° to one side at a height of 10 cm.

The installed cultivation tank 100 'covers the inside and the outer surface of the tunnel type styrofoam bed 20' with the upper portion coated with an aluminum deposition film 21 ', and covers the bed top plate 30' of the styrofoam material. It is installed on the bed 20 ', but it is covered with another aluminum deposition film 32' down to the bed upper surface and the side of the bed to improve the light reflection efficiency, and to the bed upper plate 30 'covered with the aluminum deposition film 32'. '*' Type planting hole (31 ') of 3 * 3㎝ size is formed in 4 rows in the length direction of the cultivation tank at intervals of 5 * 5cm, and the center of the urethane sponge of horizontal * width * thickness It tears and wraps the stem of the formal seedling (40 ') and is planted in the planting hole (31'), and the nutrient solution supply line (12 ') of 20 mm diameter branched from the feed pump (11) of the nutrient solution container (10) to the bed (20) ) Is installed in the upper middle of the longitudinal direction, and the waste nutrient recovery hole (13a ') is branched to one side of the longitudinal bed (20') of the lower inclined side of the collecting tank (not shown). 50-100 μm spray nozzles are installed on each side of the nutrient solution water supply line 12, which is installed in close proximity to the bed plate, and the nutrient solution container 10 is installed through the nutrient solution supply line 12 installed thereon. The nutrient solution is operated in a manner that the nutrient solution is stopped by 10 seconds supply, 50 seconds by a timer (not shown) and the liquid supply pump (11) provided in the, and the liquid temperature inside the nutrient solution container by installing a heating and heating rod (10a) Maintaining at 25 ℃ to increase the nutrient absorption metabolism of the hydroponic ginseng, and to maintain the root zone temperature in the 15 ~ 30 ℃ range is the same as the three-stage installation culture tank (100).

However, in the first stage installation cultivation tank 100 ', the LED artificial light source 60 is located at the middle point of the round or square galvanized pipe installed at a height of 30 cm from the bed top plate 30' installed on the bed 20 '. Although installed, the artificial light source 60 is always operated when the amount of solar light is less than 5,000 lux by the power control unit 61 that is interlocked with the light quantity measuring device 62 installed in the facility so that the insufficient amount of light is optimally controlled every day.

In addition, supplying the nutrient solution and recovering the waste nutrient solution is the same as the three-stage installation cultivation tank.

For reference, the waste nutrient solution collected according to the present invention is collected in a separate collecting tank (not shown) to recycle within 10% of the newly prepared nutrient solution through an antibacterial filter in the collecting tank.

Table 2 below is a reference state of use of the three-stage installation cultivation tank 100 and the one-stage installation cultivation tank 100 'installed with an artificial light source according to the present invention.

3 stage installation

1 stage installation

As an artificial light source installed in the single-stage installation cultivation tank 100 ', a method of selecting a fluorescent lamp or an LED light source is used.

100; 100 ': recycle
10: Nutrient bottle 10a: Heating and heating rod
11: Pump
12; 12 ': Nutrient Supply Line 13a: 13a': Nutrient Recovery Line
14; 14 ': Spray nozzle 15; 15': Waste liquid recovery work
20; 20 ': bed
21; 21 ';32;32': Aluminum Deposition Film
30; 30 ': bed top plate 31; 31': perforation hole
33; 33 ': urethane sponge
40; 40 ': Formula seedlings 50; 50': Bench
60: artificial light source 61: power control unit
62: photometer

Claims (5)

Preparing seedlings 1 year old after sowing (S100), analyzing the pesticide residues on the prepared seedlings (S200), and the seedlings without problems in pesticide residues inspection Coconut feet soaked in distilled water to 80% humidity Pre-cooling step (S300) stored in the medium for 1-10 months at -2 ℃ and thawing at room temperature in sterile conditions (S400), 30 to 50% of the filling in coconut pit in the shaded facility After planting at an interval of 2 * 2㎝ at an interval of 2 * 2㎝ to germinate for 10-15 days (S500) and planting in a cultivation tank for 3-4 months through the growth stage of growth (S600) to harvest leaves, stems and roots Hydroponic ginseng production method characterized in that the end step (S700). In the facility, the bed (20) of 50 * 100 * 25cm width * length * height is fixed on the vertical three-stage bench (50) by 30cm intervals using stainless round pipes or round or square galvanized pipes. The length of the bed is placed at the bottom, 10cm above the ground, separated from the soil, and 145cm in height with a slope of 1 ° to one side.
The installed cultivation tank 100 covers the inside and the outer surface of the tunnel-type styrofoam bed 20 with an open upper portion with an aluminum deposition film 21, and covers the bed top plate 30 of the styrofoam material bed 20. It is installed on the top, but down to the bed upper surface and the bed side with another aluminum deposition film 32,
On the bed top plate 30 covered with the aluminum deposition film 32, '*' type planting holes 31 of 3 * 3cm size are formed in four rows in the length direction of the cultivation tank at intervals of 5 * 5cm.
I cut the center of urethane sponge of width * side * thickness 3 * 3 * 2.5cm standard and wrap it in the seedling (40) stem for formality and plant it in the planting hole 31,
The nutrient solution water supply line 12 having a diameter of 20 mm branched from the feed pump 11 of the nutrient solution container 10 is installed in the middle of the upper side of the bed 20 in the longitudinal direction, and the longitudinal bed 20 having the lower slope Each of the waste liquid recovery holes 15 are installed at the side surface to be collected by a separate collection tank (not shown).
Hydroponic ginseng cultivation system, characterized in that 50 ~ 100㎛ spray nozzles are installed on both sides of the nutrient solution water supply line 12 installed close to the bed top plate. According to claim 2, the spray nozzle provided with the nutrient solution supply line 12, the nutrient solution is fed by the timer (not shown) and the liquid feed pump 11 provided in the nutrient container 10, stop for 10 seconds, stop 50 seconds Hydroponic ginseng cultivation system, characterized in that to operate in a way. According to claim 2 or 3, in the nutrient container (10) by installing a heating and heating rod (10a) to maintain the liquid temperature at 25 ℃ always to increase the nutrient absorption metabolism of the hydroponic hydroponic ginseng, the root zone temperature is 15 ~ 30 Hydroponic ginseng cultivation system, characterized in that to be maintained in the range ℃. The mulching according to claim 2, wherein the bed (20 ') having a width * length * height of 50 * 100 * 25cm is isolated from the soil by using a stainless steel round pipe or a bench 50' made of round or square galvanized pipe. The cultivation tank 100 in the facility having a slope of 1 ° to one side at a height of 10 cm from the ground above constitutes a cultivation tank 100 'having a bed 12' and a bed top plate 30 'installed in only one stage. After installing the artificial LED light source 60 in the middle of the circular or rectangular galvanized pipe installed at a height of 30 cm from the bed top plate (30 '), the power control unit 61 is interlocked with the photometer 62 installed in the facility Hydroponic ginseng cultivation system, characterized in that the artificial light source 60 is always operated when the amount of sunlight is less than 5,000 lux to be optimally controlled every day.

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