JPH08502731A - スクアレンシンターゼ阻害剤としてのキヌクリジン誘導体 - Google Patents
スクアレンシンターゼ阻害剤としてのキヌクリジン誘導体Info
- Publication number
- JPH08502731A JPH08502731A JP6506955A JP50695594A JPH08502731A JP H08502731 A JPH08502731 A JP H08502731A JP 6506955 A JP6506955 A JP 6506955A JP 50695594 A JP50695594 A JP 50695594A JP H08502731 A JPH08502731 A JP H08502731A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- compound
- formula
- hydrogen
- hydroxy
- mixture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000004059 squalene synthase inhibitor Substances 0.000 title description 6
- 150000008584 quinuclidines Chemical class 0.000 title description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 278
- -1 hydroxy, amino Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 154
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 125000005236 alkanoylamino group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000001301 oxygen Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052717 sulfur Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011593 sulfur Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000001140 1,4-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([*:2])=C([H])C([H])=C1[*:1] 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004644 alkyl sulfinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001715 oxadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003917 carbamoyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 8
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004390 alkyl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000005115 alkyl carbamoyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- ZKMZPXWMMSBLNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-3-one Chemical compound C1CC2C(=O)CN1CC2 ZKMZPXWMMSBLNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002098 pyridazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001113 thiadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001786 isothiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- XFZZBSVADYAQES-JXMROGBWSA-N 3-[(e)-2-[4-(5-ethyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)phenyl]ethenyl]-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-3-ol Chemical compound O1C(CC)=NC(C=2C=CC(\C=C\C3(O)C4CCN(CC4)C3)=CC=2)=N1 XFZZBSVADYAQES-JXMROGBWSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MLWYTCBWAVPQJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[2-(4-pyridin-3-ylphenyl)ethenyl]-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-3-ol Chemical compound C1N(CC2)CCC2C1(O)C=CC(C=C1)=CC=C1C1=CC=CN=C1 MLWYTCBWAVPQJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003785 benzimidazolyl group Chemical group N1=C(NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000499 benzofuranyl group Chemical group O1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005956 isoquinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000842 isoxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003373 pyrazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- FSXBRBLSPAJQLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[2-[4-(5-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)phenyl]ethenyl]-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-3-ol Chemical compound O1C(C)=NC(C=2C=CC(C=CC3(O)C4CCN(CC4)C3)=CC=2)=N1 FSXBRBLSPAJQLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003236 benzoyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000004181 carboxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000004663 dialkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000005118 N-alkylcarbamoyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 2
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 148
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 145
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 141
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 125
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 122
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 103
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 93
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 89
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 88
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 67
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 67
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 61
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 61
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 60
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 58
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 54
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 50
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 46
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 44
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 44
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 43
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 39
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 39
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 38
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 37
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 37
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 37
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 35
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 34
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 33
- UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N borane Chemical compound B UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 27
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 24
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 23
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 22
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 238000003818 flash chromatography Methods 0.000 description 21
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 229910000085 borane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 19
- 125000002346 iodo group Chemical group I* 0.000 description 19
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 18
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000004452 microanalysis Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 17
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 16
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 16
- LJLUTMJIZANZQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-3-ol Chemical compound C1CC2C(O)(C=C)CN1CC2 LJLUTMJIZANZQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 108010022535 Farnesyl-Diphosphate Farnesyltransferase Proteins 0.000 description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 15
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 102100037997 Squalene synthase Human genes 0.000 description 13
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 13
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 13
- 125000004800 4-bromophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1Br 0.000 description 12
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 12
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 11
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 10
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- HRDXJKGNWSUIBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxybenzene Chemical group [CH2]OC1=CC=CC=C1 HRDXJKGNWSUIBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 10
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 9
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 9
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 9
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 8
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 8
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000004454 trace mineral analysis Methods 0.000 description 8
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- LSXDOTMGLUJQCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(i) iodide Chemical compound I[Cu] LSXDOTMGLUJQCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 201000001320 Atherosclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 6
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical class O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 232Th Chemical compound [232Th] ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 5
- FCHUOBPHXDXZBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4-bromophenyl)pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC(Br)=CC=C1C1=CC=CN=C1 FCHUOBPHXDXZBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 5
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 description 5
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- ONCCWDRMOZMNSM-FBCQKBJTSA-N compound Z Chemical compound N1=C2C(=O)NC(N)=NC2=NC=C1C(=O)[C@H]1OP(O)(=O)OC[C@H]1O ONCCWDRMOZMNSM-FBCQKBJTSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229960003646 lysine Drugs 0.000 description 5
- SBYHFKPVCBCYGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinuclidine Chemical group C1CC2CCN1CC2 SBYHFKPVCBCYGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 5
- YYGNTYWPHWGJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N (6E,10E,14E,18E)-2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosa-2,6,10,14,18,22-hexaene Chemical compound CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C YYGNTYWPHWGJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- VWFJDQUYCIWHTN-YFVJMOTDSA-N 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate Chemical compound CC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C\CC\C(C)=C\CO[P@](O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O VWFJDQUYCIWHTN-YFVJMOTDSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000006306 4-iodophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1I 0.000 description 4
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910021595 Copper(I) iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VWFJDQUYCIWHTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Farnesyl pyrophosphate Natural products CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCOP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O VWFJDQUYCIWHTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 208000035150 Hypercholesterolemia Diseases 0.000 description 4
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- 125000005951 trifluoromethanesulfonyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BPLKQGGAXWRFOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethylsulfoxonium iodide Chemical compound [I-].C[S+](C)(C)=O BPLKQGGAXWRFOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WIOADUFWOUUQCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphanium dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].C1=CC=CC=C1[PH+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1[PH+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 WIOADUFWOUUQCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001665 trituration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940035936 ubiquinone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000011733 vascular alteration Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004869 vascular alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D453/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinuclidine or iso-quinuclidine ring systems, e.g. quinine alkaloids
- C07D453/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinuclidine or iso-quinuclidine ring systems, e.g. quinine alkaloids containing not further condensed quinuclidine ring systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
- Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)
- Enzymes And Modification Thereof (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9218334.2 | 1992-08-28 | ||
| GB929218334A GB9218334D0 (en) | 1992-08-28 | 1992-08-28 | Heterocyclic compounds |
| PCT/GB1993/001802 WO1994005660A1 (en) | 1992-08-28 | 1993-08-24 | Quinuclidine derivatives as squalene synthase inhibitors |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08502731A true JPH08502731A (ja) | 1996-03-26 |
Family
ID=10721113
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6506955A Pending JPH08502731A (ja) | 1992-08-28 | 1993-08-24 | スクアレンシンターゼ阻害剤としてのキヌクリジン誘導体 |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5714496A (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP0656897B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPH08502731A (enExample) |
| AT (1) | ATE161843T1 (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU4969193A (enExample) |
| CA (2) | CA2143430A1 (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE69316224D1 (enExample) |
| FI (1) | FI950893A0 (enExample) |
| GB (2) | GB9218334D0 (enExample) |
| IL (1) | IL106797A0 (enExample) |
| TW (1) | TW231293B (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO1994005660A1 (enExample) |
| ZA (1) | ZA936201B (enExample) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6599917B1 (en) | 1999-09-28 | 2003-07-29 | Eisai Co., Ltd. | Quinuclidine compounds and drugs containing the same as the active ingredient |
| JPWO2002076973A1 (ja) * | 2001-03-27 | 2004-10-21 | エーザイ株式会社 | Ｎ−アリール環状アミン誘導体およびそれを有効成分として含有する医薬 |
| JP2005512974A (ja) * | 2001-10-17 | 2005-05-12 | ユ セ ベ ソシエテ アノニム | キヌクリジン誘導体、その調製方法、及びｍ２及び／又はｍ３ムスカリン受容体阻害剤としてのその使用 |
| JP2015523402A (ja) * | 2012-07-30 | 2015-08-13 | アスター バイオテック リミテッド ライアビリティ カンパニー | タンパク質キナーゼ阻害薬 |
Families Citing this family (33)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5385912A (en) * | 1991-03-08 | 1995-01-31 | Rhone-Poulenc Rorer Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Multicyclic tertiary amine polyaromatic squalene synthase inhibitors |
| DE122006000066I2 (de) * | 1991-05-31 | 2007-12-06 | Pfizer | Chinuclidinderivate |
| IL109451A0 (en) * | 1993-04-29 | 1994-07-31 | Zeneca Ltd | Heterocyclic derivatives |
| DE4417837A1 (de) * | 1994-05-20 | 1995-11-23 | Basf Ag | Substituierte 3-Phenylpyrazole |
| GB9412145D0 (en) * | 1994-06-17 | 1994-08-10 | Zeneca Ltd | Heterocycles |
| AU7871498A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-07-17 | Novo Nordisk A/S | A method of treating hypercholesterolemia and related disorders |
| US6472528B1 (en) * | 1999-08-10 | 2002-10-29 | Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. | Synthesis of substituted pyrazolopyrimidines |
| JP2004506686A (ja) * | 2000-08-21 | 2004-03-04 | ジョージタウン ユニバーシティ | モノアミン輸送体のモジュレーターとしての２，３−二置換キヌクリジン、及びこれに基づく治療及び診断法 |
| GB0127731D0 (en) * | 2001-11-20 | 2002-01-09 | Coin Controls | Coin handling apparatus |
| CA2480378A1 (en) * | 2002-05-07 | 2003-11-20 | Neurosearch A/S | Novel azacyclic ethynyl derivatives |
| PT1988397E (pt) | 2002-12-19 | 2011-12-02 | Scripps Research Inst | Composições e utilizações para estabilização da transtirretina e inibição do enrolamento |
| CN103724343A (zh) | 2004-03-25 | 2014-04-16 | 记忆药物公司 | 吲唑、苯并噻唑、苯并异噻唑、苯并异噁唑及其制备和用途 |
| WO2005113523A1 (en) | 2004-05-20 | 2005-12-01 | Foldrx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | 2-((hetero) aryl)-benzoxazole compounds and derivatives, compositions and methods for stabilizing transthyretin and inhibiting transthyretin misfolding |
| US7772271B2 (en) * | 2004-07-14 | 2010-08-10 | Ptc Therapeutics, Inc. | Methods for treating hepatitis C |
| US7868037B2 (en) * | 2004-07-14 | 2011-01-11 | Ptc Therapeutics, Inc. | Methods for treating hepatitis C |
| US7781478B2 (en) * | 2004-07-14 | 2010-08-24 | Ptc Therapeutics, Inc. | Methods for treating hepatitis C |
| EA200700243A1 (ru) * | 2004-07-14 | 2007-08-31 | ПиТиСи ТЕРАПЬЮТИКС, ИНК. | Способы лечения гепатита с |
| CA2578636A1 (en) * | 2004-07-22 | 2006-02-23 | Ptc Therapeutics, Inc. | Thienopyridines for treating hepatitis c |
| CA2584485C (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2013-12-31 | Resverlogix Corp. | Stilbenes and chalcones for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases |
| CN101365446B (zh) | 2005-07-29 | 2013-05-22 | 雷斯弗洛吉克斯公司 | 预防和治疗复杂疾病的药物组合物及其经由可植入医药装置的递送 |
| US8106066B2 (en) | 2005-09-23 | 2012-01-31 | Memory Pharmaceuticals Corporation | Indazoles, benzothiazoles, benzoisothiazoles, benzisoxazoles, pyrazolopyridines, isothiazolopyridines, and preparation and uses thereof |
| WO2008034016A2 (en) * | 2006-09-15 | 2008-03-20 | Foldrx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Assays for detecting native-state proteins and identifying compounds that modulate the stability of native-state proteins |
| DK2118074T3 (en) | 2007-02-01 | 2014-03-10 | Resverlogix Corp | Compounds for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases |
| ES2532402T3 (es) | 2008-06-26 | 2015-03-26 | Resverlogix Corporation | Métodos de preparación de derivados de quinazolinona |
| JP5635535B2 (ja) | 2009-01-08 | 2014-12-03 | レスバーロジックス コーポレイション | 心血管疾患の予防および治療のための化合物 |
| CN105859639A (zh) | 2009-03-18 | 2016-08-17 | 雷斯韦洛吉克斯公司 | 新的抗炎剂 |
| CN107252429B (zh) | 2009-04-22 | 2023-06-16 | 雷斯韦洛吉克斯公司 | 新抗炎剂 |
| JP5869677B2 (ja) | 2011-09-16 | 2016-02-24 | ファイザー・インク | トランスサイレチン解離阻害剤の固体形態 |
| JP5992049B2 (ja) | 2011-11-01 | 2016-09-14 | レスバーロジックス コーポレイション | 置換されたキナゾリノンのための経口速放性製剤 |
| WO2014080290A2 (en) | 2012-11-21 | 2014-05-30 | Rvx Therapeutics Inc. | Cyclic amines as bromodomain inhibitors |
| WO2014080291A2 (en) | 2012-11-21 | 2014-05-30 | Rvx Therapeutics Inc. | Biaryl derivatives as bromodomain inhibitors |
| AU2013365926B9 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2019-01-17 | Zenith Epigenetics Ltd. | Novel heterocyclic compounds as bromodomain inhibitors |
| CN114984016A (zh) | 2015-03-13 | 2022-09-02 | 雷斯韦洛吉克斯公司 | 用于治疗补体相关疾病之组合物及治疗方法 |
Family Cites Families (33)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3405134A (en) * | 1965-08-17 | 1968-10-08 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Quinuclidyl esters of aromatic acids |
| NL6715600A (enExample) * | 1966-12-02 | 1968-06-04 | ||
| US3534053A (en) * | 1967-05-24 | 1970-10-13 | American Home Prod | Quinuclidine derivatives |
| US3763168A (en) * | 1968-09-09 | 1973-10-02 | Sterling Drug Inc | N-(3-quinuclidinyl) acylanilides |
| US3655675A (en) * | 1968-09-09 | 1972-04-11 | Sterling Drug Inc | N-(n-heteryl)-acylanilides |
| US3725410A (en) * | 1970-07-15 | 1973-04-03 | American Home Prod | 3-aminomethyl-3-quinuclidinols |
| US3679690A (en) * | 1971-03-18 | 1972-07-25 | Sterling Drug Inc | Certain n-(pyridyl) propionanilides |
| FR2183565B1 (enExample) * | 1972-05-10 | 1975-12-26 | Cerm Cent Europ Rech Mauvernay | |
| CA1014958A (en) * | 1973-10-05 | 1977-08-02 | Jacques Moleyre | .alpha.-QUINUCLIDYLMETHYL PHENYL KETONES |
| SU495310A1 (ru) * | 1974-03-05 | 1975-12-15 | Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский Химико-Фармацевтический Институт Им.С.Орджоникидзе | Хинуклидил-3-диарал(гетерил) карбинолы, про вл ющие антигистаминную, антисеротониновую и антиаллергическую активность и способ их получени |
| US4038402A (en) * | 1974-03-05 | 1977-07-26 | Mikhail Emmanuilovich Kaminka | Method of effecting antihistaminic, antiserotonin and antiallergic actions |
| US4599344A (en) * | 1984-10-31 | 1986-07-08 | Schering A.G. | Quinuclidines and quinuclidinium salts as antiarrhythmic agents |
| CH667657A5 (de) * | 1985-01-07 | 1988-10-31 | Sandoz Ag | Carbocyclische und heterocyclische carbonylmethylen- und methylpiperidine und -pyrrolidine. |
| NZ225999A (en) * | 1987-09-10 | 1992-04-28 | Merck Sharp & Dohme | Azacyclic- or azabicyclic-substituted thiadiazole derivatives and pharmaceutical compositions |
| IE63906B1 (en) * | 1987-11-13 | 1995-06-14 | Novo Nordisk As | Azabicyclic compounds and their preparation and use |
| EP0322182A3 (en) * | 1987-12-22 | 1992-01-02 | Beecham Group Plc | Azabicyclic compounds, process for their preparation and pharmaceutical compositions containing them |
| DK730588A (da) * | 1988-02-03 | 1989-08-04 | Asta Pharma Ag | Anvendelse af pyridin-2-ethere eller pyridin-2-thioethere med en nitrogenholdig cycloalifatisk ring som antidepressivt laegemiddel |
| NZ227841A (en) * | 1988-02-12 | 1991-08-27 | Merck Sharp & Dohme | Heterocyclic compounds with at least two non-condensed five membered rings and pharmaceutical compositions |
| US5242914A (en) * | 1988-04-01 | 1993-09-07 | Sankyo Company, Limited | 2-(heterocyclylthio) carbapenem derivatives, their preparation and their use as antibiotics |
| FI91258C (fi) * | 1988-04-01 | 1994-06-10 | Sankyo Co | Menetelmä lääkeaineina käyttökelpoisten 2-(heterosyklyylitio)karbapeneemijohdannaisten valmistamiseksi |
| DE8817121U1 (de) * | 1988-11-22 | 1993-02-04 | Boehringer Ingelheim Kg, 55218 Ingelheim | Neue Quinuclidine |
| US5286864A (en) * | 1988-11-22 | 1994-02-15 | Boehringer Ingelheim Kg | Quinuclidines, their use as medicaments and processes for their preparation |
| GB8918061D0 (en) * | 1989-08-08 | 1989-09-20 | Merck Sharp & Dohme | Therapeutic agents |
| DE4116582A1 (de) * | 1990-05-19 | 1991-11-21 | Boehringer Ingelheim Kg | Bicyclische 1-aza-cycloalkane |
| YU84791A (sh) * | 1990-05-19 | 1994-06-10 | Boehringer Ingelheim Kg. | Biciklicni 1-aza-cikloalkalni |
| ZA92278B (en) * | 1991-02-01 | 1992-10-28 | Akzo Nv | 3-quinuclidine derivatives |
| US5385912A (en) * | 1991-03-08 | 1995-01-31 | Rhone-Poulenc Rorer Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Multicyclic tertiary amine polyaromatic squalene synthase inhibitors |
| CA2105655A1 (en) * | 1991-03-08 | 1992-09-09 | Kent Neuenschwander | Multicyclic tertiary amine polyaromatic squalene synthetase inhibitors |
| US5135935A (en) * | 1991-05-17 | 1992-08-04 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Squalene synthetase inhibitors |
| GB9127279D0 (en) * | 1991-12-23 | 1992-02-19 | Ici Plc | Heterocyclic derivatives |
| GB9201749D0 (en) * | 1992-01-28 | 1992-03-11 | Smithkline Beecham Plc | Medicaments |
| GB9202443D0 (en) * | 1992-02-05 | 1992-03-18 | Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co | A novel substituted-acetamide compound and a process for the preparation thereof |
| GB9211796D0 (en) * | 1992-06-04 | 1992-07-15 | Ici Plc | Heterocyclic derivatives |
-
1992
- 1992-08-28 GB GB929218334A patent/GB9218334D0/en active Pending
-
1993
- 1993-08-18 GB GB939317153A patent/GB9317153D0/en active Pending
- 1993-08-24 JP JP6506955A patent/JPH08502731A/ja active Pending
- 1993-08-24 ZA ZA936201A patent/ZA936201B/xx unknown
- 1993-08-24 EP EP93919477A patent/EP0656897B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-08-24 CA CA002143430A patent/CA2143430A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-08-24 AU AU49691/93A patent/AU4969193A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-08-24 DE DE69316224T patent/DE69316224D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-08-24 AT AT93919477T patent/ATE161843T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-08-24 WO PCT/GB1993/001802 patent/WO1994005660A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1993-08-25 US US08/392,928 patent/US5714496A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-08-25 IL IL106797A patent/IL106797A0/xx unknown
- 1993-08-27 CA CA002104981A patent/CA2104981A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-08-31 TW TW082107086A patent/TW231293B/zh active
-
1995
- 1995-02-27 FI FI950893A patent/FI950893A0/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6599917B1 (en) | 1999-09-28 | 2003-07-29 | Eisai Co., Ltd. | Quinuclidine compounds and drugs containing the same as the active ingredient |
| JPWO2002076973A1 (ja) * | 2001-03-27 | 2004-10-21 | エーザイ株式会社 | Ｎ−アリール環状アミン誘導体およびそれを有効成分として含有する医薬 |
| US7112593B2 (en) | 2001-03-27 | 2006-09-26 | Eisai Co., Ltd. | N-aryl-substituted cyclic amine derivative and medicine containing the same as active ingredient |
| JP2005512974A (ja) * | 2001-10-17 | 2005-05-12 | ユ セ ベ ソシエテ アノニム | キヌクリジン誘導体、その調製方法、及びｍ２及び／又はｍ３ムスカリン受容体阻害剤としてのその使用 |
| JP2015523402A (ja) * | 2012-07-30 | 2015-08-13 | アスター バイオテック リミテッド ライアビリティ カンパニー | タンパク質キナーゼ阻害薬 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5714496A (en) | 1998-02-03 |
| IL106797A0 (en) | 1993-12-08 |
| CA2104981A1 (en) | 1994-03-01 |
| GB9218334D0 (en) | 1992-10-14 |
| ATE161843T1 (de) | 1998-01-15 |
| EP0656897B1 (en) | 1998-01-07 |
| FI950893A7 (fi) | 1995-02-27 |
| FI950893A0 (fi) | 1995-02-27 |
| WO1994005660A1 (en) | 1994-03-17 |
| EP0656897A1 (en) | 1995-06-14 |
| GB9317153D0 (en) | 1993-10-06 |
| CA2143430A1 (en) | 1994-03-17 |
| DE69316224D1 (de) | 1998-02-12 |
| AU4969193A (en) | 1994-03-29 |
| TW231293B (enExample) | 1994-10-01 |
| ZA936201B (en) | 1994-02-28 |
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