JPH07507470A - 薬剤投与用リトラクタブルカニューレを備えたカテーテル - Google Patents

薬剤投与用リトラクタブルカニューレを備えたカテーテル

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JPH07507470A
JPH07507470A JP6501509A JP50150993A JPH07507470A JP H07507470 A JPH07507470 A JP H07507470A JP 6501509 A JP6501509 A JP 6501509A JP 50150993 A JP50150993 A JP 50150993A JP H07507470 A JPH07507470 A JP H07507470A
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catheter
distal end
tool
lumens
flexible elongate
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イムラン ミア エイ
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カーディアック パスウェイズ コーポレイション
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/0067Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the distal end, e.g. tips
    • A61M25/0074Dynamic characteristics of the catheter tip, e.g. openable, closable, expandable or deformable
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/0067Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the distal end, e.g. tips
    • A61M25/0082Catheter tip comprising a tool
    • A61M25/0084Catheter tip comprising a tool being one or more injection needles
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/0067Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the distal end, e.g. tips
    • A61M25/0074Dynamic characteristics of the catheter tip, e.g. openable, closable, expandable or deformable
    • A61M25/0075Valve means
    • A61M2025/0076Unidirectional valves
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/0067Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the distal end, e.g. tips
    • A61M25/0082Catheter tip comprising a tool
    • A61M25/0084Catheter tip comprising a tool being one or more injection needles
    • A61M2025/0089Single injection needle protruding axially, i.e. along the longitudinal axis of the catheter, from the distal tip

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるため要約のデータは記録されません。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 薬剤投与用リトラクタブルカニユーレを備えたカテーテル本発明は、複数の薬剤 を投与するための、リトラクタブル(後退可能)カニユーレを備えたカテーテル に関する。
これまで、患者の体内部位に薬剤を投与するためのカテーテルが提供されている 。代表的には、このようなカテーテルには、薬剤を投与するための単一ルーメン が設けられている。同一部位に第2薬剤を投与したい場合、又は第2部位に第2 薬剤を投与したい場合には、第2薬剤を投与する前に、第1薬剤を投与したカテ ーテルのルーメンを洗浄して第1薬剤を除去しなければならない。これは、特に 、患者の部位に投与される薬剤の量の制御が困難なため、多くの場合、好ましく ないことが判明している。また、当該部位に2種類の薬剤を投与するのに、非常 に長時間を要する。従って、複数の薬剤の投与に使用できる新規で改善されたカ テーテルが要望されている。
本発明の目的は、概略的には、複数の薬剤を投与するための、リトラクタブルカ ニユーレを備えたカテーテルを提供することにある。
本発明の他の目的は、上記特徴を有するカテーテルであって、カテーテルにより 次の薬剤を投与する前に、カテーテルから一薬剤を洗浄する必要があるカテーテ ルを提供することにある。
本発明の他の目的は、上記特徴を有するカテーテルであって、投与される薬剤が 混合される可能性が最小であるカテーテルを提供することにある。
本発明の他の目的及び特徴は、添付図面に関連して述べる好ましい実施例につい ての以下の説明から明らかになるであろう。
第1図は、本発明を導入した複数の薬剤を投与するためのりトラクタプルカニユ ーレを備えたカテーテルと、該カテーテルと組み合わせて使用する制御コンソー ルとを示す側面図である。
第2図は、第1図に示すカテーテルの先端側端部の拡大部分断面図であり、カニ ユーレが後退位置にあるところを示すものである。
第3図は、第2図の3−3線に沿う断面図である。
第4図は、第2図と同様な断面図であり、カニユーレが伸長位置にあるところを 示すものである。
第5図は、第4図の5−5線に沿う断面図である。
一般に、複数の薬剤を投与するための、リトラクタブルカニユーレを備えたカテ ーテルは可撓性のある長い部材(可撓性長部材)からなり、該部材は、中央に配 置されたルーメンと、第1及び第2流体通路ルーメンを含む周方向に間隔を隔て て配置された複数のルーメンとを有している。可撓性長部材は、手元側端部及び 先端側端部とを有している。中央ルーメン内には、アクチュエータ部材と係合し て該アクチュエータ部材を伸長位置と引込み位置との間で移動させるための手段 が配置されている。先端側端部を倫えたツールがアクチュエータ部材により支持 されており、該ツールは、先端側端部を貫通して延びる内部通路を有する。可撓 性長部材の手元側端部には第1及び第2フイツテイングが固定されており、該フ ィッティングは第4及び第2流体通路ルーメンと連通している。ツール及び可撓 性長部材の先端側端部により協働手段が支持されており、該協働手段は、ツール が伸長位置に前進されたときに、流体を前記第1及び第2流体通路ルーメンから ツール内の流路へと供給する。
より詳しくは、第1図〜第5図には、複数の薬剤を投与するための、リトラクタ ブルカニユーレを備えたカテーテルが示されており、該カテーテルは、制御コン ソール12に連結できるカテーテル11からなる。カテーテル11は、手元側端 部14及び先端側端部16が設けられたプラスチックのような適当な材料で形成 された可撓性長部材13からなる。可撓性長部材には、中央ルーメン17と、少 なくとも第1及び第2流体通路ルーメンを含む周方向に間隔を隔てた複数のルー メン18〜25とが設けられている。かくして、図示のように、ルーメン21及 びルーメン25は流体通路ルーメンであり且っ可撓性長部材の直径方向に配置さ れている。可撓性長部材13の先端側端部16において、中央ルーメン17内に はアクチュエータ部材31が摺動可能に取り付けられている。
アクチュエータ部材31は円筒状すなわち管状ロッド32からなり、該ロッド3 2の手元側端部及び先端側端部には円形ディスク33.34が取り付けられてい る。チューブ32には、この軸線方向に延びたボア35が設けられている。ディ スク34は、傾斜した切刃37が設けられた円形カニユーレの形態をなすツール 36と一体に形成されている。
ツール及び可撓性長部材I3の先端側端部により協働手段が支持されており、該 協働手段は、流体を前記第1及び第2流体通路ルーメン21.25がら、カニユ ーレ又はツール内に設けられ且つこれらの先端側端部を通って延びている流路3 8へと供給する。この手段はツール36の環状凹部39を有し、該環状凹部39 は、周方向に間隔を隔て且つ環状凹部39から通路38へと半径方向に延びた複 数の孔41を有する。環状凹部は、可撓性長部材13に設けられ且つそれぞれ流 体通路ルーメン21.25から延びた孔42.43と整合するように移動できる 。液体薬剤のような流体を流体通路ルーメン21.25に供給する手段が設けら れている。該手段は管状部材46.47からなり、該管状部材46.47には、 それぞれ流体通路ルーメン21.25と連通する流路が設けられている。
管状部材46.47の手元側端部にはルア形フィッティング48.49が取り付 けられており、該フィッティング48.49は、例えば使用すべき液体薬剤のよ うな流体を収容する注射器51.52に連結されるようになっている。
中央ルーメン17内には、アクチュエータ部材3Iと係合して該アクチュエータ 部材31を伸長位置と後退位置との間で移動させる手段が設けられている。後退 位置は、接着剤等の適当な手段によりルーメン17内に固定された環状ストッパ 54により決定される。このような手段は、ニチノール(Nitinol )等 の形状記憶材料で形成された第1及び第2螺旋ばね56.57の形態にすること ができる。これらのばね56.57はロッド32上に同心状に配置され、ばね5 6の手元側端部はディスク33と係合し、先端側端部は、中央ルーメン17内に 設けられ且つ接着剤等の適当な手段により中央ルーメン形成壁に固定された環状 部材59と係合している。他方のはねすなわち螺旋ばね57は、環状部材59と 係合する手元側端部と、ディスク34と係合する先端側端部とを有する。
ばね56.57に電気エネルギを供給する手段が設けられており、該手段は導体 (導線)61からなる。該導体61は、第2図に示すように、中央ルーメン17 を通ってボア35内に入り、更に孔62を通って管状部材32内に入り、ばね5 6の手元側端部に接続されている。同様に、他の導体63が、中央ルーメン17 及びボア35を通り、更に管状部材32の孔64を通ってばね57の先端側端部 に接続されている。ばね57の手元側端部は、環状部材59の孔(図示せず)を 通って延びているクロスリンク65を介してばね56の先端側端部に連結されて いる。クロスリンク65は、孔68を通る共通の戻り導体66に接続されている 。共通の戻り導体66はルーメン21を通って延びている。導体61.63には 、アクチュエータ部材31の直線運動に適応できるようにするコイル部分61a 、63aが設けられている。
導体61.63及び共通の戻り導体66は、可撓性長部材14の手元側端部で、 コネクタ72に連結されたケーブル71に接続されている。コネクタ72は、ケ ーブル74を介して制御コンソール12に連結された相手コネクタ73に連結さ れている。制御コンソールには、アクチュエータ部材3Iを前後に移動させるた めの、上下に移動できるスライド機構76の制御の下でケーブル74にエネルギ を供給する手段が設けられている。制御コンソールは、係属中の1992年6月 5日付米国特許出願第07/893.770号(A −55929/l+cH) に開示された形式のものである。制御コンソールには、オンオフスイッチ77と 、スイッチが入っていることを表示するための発光ダイオードの形態をなす表示 ランプ78とが設けられている。
カテーテル11の先端側端部16を操縦できるようにするため、係属中の199 1年11月18日付米国特許出願第07/753.858号に開示された形式の 手段が設けられる。この米国特許出願に開示されているように、このような操縦 手段は、日本のTok i社から供給されるFlexin(11等の負の膨張係 数をもつ材料で形成された第11第2及び第3ワイヤすなわち長いエレメント( 長エレメント)81.82.83て構成できる。これらの長エレメント81,8 2.83は、ルーメン19.22.24内に配置され且つ互いに約120’の間 隔でオフセットされている。このような長エレメントを3つ以上設ける場合には 、これらの長エレメントを120゜より小さい角度でオフセットする。これらの 長エレメントは、ルーメン19.22.24を通る可撓性径エレメントの手元側 端部まで延びる導体に接続され、ケーブル71に接続され且つ制御コンソール1 2に接続される。長エレメント81.82.83の先端側端部は相互連結され且 つ戻り導体66(該戻り導体もケーブル77内に延び且つ制御コンソールに接続 されている)に接続されている。
制御コンソールはジョイスティック9Iを有し、該ジョイスティックは、360 ゜に亘って延びているコーンを介して枢動でき、且つエレメント81,82.8 3にエネルギを選択的に供給し、上記米国特許第077793.858号に開示 されているようにしてカテーテル11の先端側端部を曲げるすなわち操縦する。
本発明に従って構成されるカテーテルの長さは150〜200cmの範囲にする ことができる。また、外径は0.030〜0.120インチ(0,762〜3. 05m5+)の範囲にすることができる。カニユーレ36は、切刃37を形成す べく斜めに切断されたハイポチューブの形態にすることができ、該ハイポチュー ブの外径は0.015インチ(0,381m)が適当である。
次に、複数の薬剤を投与するためのりトラクタプルカニユーレを備えたカテーテ ルの操作及び使用方法について簡単に説明する。係属中の1991年2月15日 付米国特許出願第07/656.764号に開示された装置を用いて、患者の心 臓に関してマツピング及び切除処置(nappinng and ablati on procedure)を行っている最中であると想定されたい。また、マ ツピングが行われており、且つ患者の心臓の不整脈を無くすため心筋層内の迷走 性経路を破壊すべく心筋層の一部の化学的切除の形成を望んでいるものと想定さ れたい。本発明のカテーテル11が装置内に挿入され且つ適当な心室(例えば左 心室)内に前進される。これは、医者がカテーテルの手元側端部を押して該カテ ーテルを前進させることにより行われる。カテーテルの先端側端部を適当な方向 に向けるため、医者は、上記米国特許出願第07/793.858号に開示され ているように、ジョイスティックを操作してカテーテルの先端側端部を所望位置 に操縦することができる。
流体通路ルーメン21.25の先端側端部は適当なプラスチックからなる栓96 .97により閉鎖されており、これにより、流体はこれらの流体通路ルーメン2 1.25から可撓性長部材13の先端側端部を通って流れることができない。
カニユーレ36が後退位置にあり且つ例えば弾性材料のような可撓性材料で形成 された円形ディスクからなるときに、血液及び他の液体がカニユーレ36内に流 入することを防止するため。ディスク98にはカニユーレ36が通り得るスリッ ト99が設けられている。
カテーテル11の先端側端部が前進されて心筋層と接触するようになった後、ス ライダ機構76を操作して電気エネルギをばね57に供給し、カニユーレ36を 膨張させてディスク状シール98のスリット99に通して前方に押し出し、カニ ユーレ36のナイフェツジ37で心筋層に孔を穿ける。カニユーレ36が前方に 移動されるとき、カニユーレの凹部が、流体通路ルーメン21,25と連通して いる孔42.43と整合するように移動される。このことが行われると直ぐに、 注射器51を用いて、所望の薬剤を管状部材46及び流体通路ルーメン21内に 導入し、薬剤をルーメン21に通してカテーテルの先端側端部へと流入させ、次 に孔42を通って環状凹部39内に導き、更にカニユーレの孔41及びカニユー レに設けられた通路78に通して心筋層に導く。この処置は、注射器51から所 望量の薬剤が投与されるまで続けられる。
ここで、他の薬剤をカテーテルから投与したい場合を想定されたい。これは、注 射器52に薬剤を入れ、該注射器52を操作して液体の形態をなす薬剤を管状部 材47に通して流体通路ルーメン25内に導入し、次に孔43を通って環状凹部 39内に導き、更にカニユーレ36の孔41及び通路38に通して再び心筋層に 導くことにより容易に行われる。環状凹部39と孔42.43との整合が達成さ れているかは容易に確認できる。なぜならば、この情報は、液体が注射器51゜ 52によりルーメン内に導入されるときに流体通路ルーメン21,25内に発生 する圧力柱を介して伝達されるからである。環状凹部が通路42.43と整合し ていない場合にはカテーテルを介して液体を導入することはできず、このことは 、注射器51.52を操作する医者にとって容易に明らかになる。
したがって、他方の通路21に存在する薬剤を洗浄する必要なくして、複数(上 記説明の場合は2種類)の薬剤を心筋層に導入できることが理解されよう。
また、カテーテル自体内に導入された2種類の薬剤は殆ど混合されないことも理 解されよう。薬剤が移送される共通経路は、基本的には、カニユーレ36に設け られた通路38である。所望の量及び種類の薬剤が心筋層内に導入されると直ぐ に、スライダ機構76を操作することにより、ばね56を付勢してアクチュエー タ部材31を後退させて、カニユーレ36を後退位置に後退させることができる 。
これは、ばね56の膨張により引き起こされる。次に、カテーテルは慣用的な方 法で引き抜くことができる。
以上から、ワイヤ等を引っ張る必要なくして伸長及び後退(すなわち前後に移動 )させることができるカニユーレが提供されることが理解されよう。これは、プ ルワイヤの使用によりカテーテルの先端側端部をむやみに剛くすることなく、カ テーテルの先端側端部を比較的柔軟に保つことを可能にする。
また、異なる2種類の薬剤の混合が最少量になるようにして2種類の薬剤を投与 でき、カテーテルの最後の約1/4インチ(6,350)まで薬剤を分離でき、 カテーテルを洗浄することなく且つカテーテルの伸長された長さに亘ってカテー テル内の2種類の薬剤を混合させる必要なくして、一方の薬剤を投与し且つ次に 他方の薬剤を投与することができる上記特徴をもつカテーテルを提供することが できる。
環状凹部39と孔42.43との整合がなされているか否かの確認は容易である 。なぜならば、この情報は、液体が注射器51,52によりルーメン内に導入さ れるときに流体通路ルーメン21,25内に発生する圧力柱を介して伝達される からである。環状凹部と通路42.43とが整合されない場合にはカテーテルを 通して液体を導入することが不可能であり、これは、注射器51.52を操作す る医者にとって容易に明らかになる。
3種類以上の薬剤を投与したい場合には、形状記憶合金で形成された付加螺旋ば ねをアクチュエータ部材31に設け、アクチュエータ部材31により、カニユー レ36を、可撓性長部材13に設けられた他の流体通路ルーメン(図示せ′0と 連通する他の孔(単−又は複数)と整合させるべく移動させる付加位置を設ける ことができる。

Claims (7)

    【特許請求の範囲】
  1. 1.中央に配置されたルーメン及び第1及び第2流体通路ルーメンを含む複数の 周方向に間隔を隔てたルーメンを備えた可撓性長部材を有し、該可撓性長部材が 手元側端部及び先端側端部を備え、前記中央に配置されたルーメン内に摺動可能 に取り付けられたアクチュエータ部材と、前記中央に配置されたルーメン内に配 置され且つアクチュエータ部材と係合して可撓性長部材に対して伸長位置と後退 位置との間でアクチュエータ部材を移動させる手段と、前記アクチュエータ部材 により支持された先端側端部を備えたツールとを有し、該ツール内にはその先端 側端部を通って延びている流路が設けられ、可撓性長部材の手元側端部に固定さ れ且つ可撓性長部材の第1及び第2流体通路ルーメンと連通する内部通路を備え た第1及び第2注射器と、ツールが伸長位置に前進されたときに前記第1及び第 2流体通路ルーメンからツールの流路に流体を供給するための、可撓性長部材の 先端側端部でツールにより支持された協働手段とを更に有することを特徴とする 複数の薬剤を投与するためのリトラクタプルカニューレを備えたカテーテル。
  2. 2.前記協働手段が、ツールに形成された環状凹部と、該環状凹部に形成され且 つツールの流路内に延びている孔とを備え、可撓性長部材の先端側端部の孔が流 体の流路と連通し且つツールが伸長位置にあるときに環状凹部内に開口すること を特徴とする請求の範囲第1項に記載のカテーテル。
  3. 3.前記ツールが、切刃を備えたカニューレの形態をなしていることを特徴とす る請求の範囲第1項に記載のカテーテル。
  4. 4.前記アクチュエータ部材を移動させる前記手段が、負の膨張係数を備えた第 1及び第2螺旋ばねと、該第1及び第2螺旋ばねを選択的に付勢する手段とを有 し、前記第1ばねが付勢されるとアクチュエータ部材が伸長位置に移動され、前 記第2ばねが付勢されるとアクチュエータ部材が後退位置に移動されることを特 徴とする請求の範囲第1項に記載のカテーテル。
  5. 5.前記カテーテルの先端側端部を操縦する手段を更に有することを特徴とする 請求の範囲第1項に記載のカテーテル。
  6. 6.前記操縦手段が、約120°の間隔を隔てて周方向に配置されたルーメン内 に配置された第1、第2及び第3長エレメントと、カテーテルの先端側端部を曲 げ移動させて該先端側端部を操縦できるようにするため、前記第1、第2及び第 3長エレメントに選択的にエネルギを供給する手段とを備えていることを特徴と する請求の範囲第5項に記載のカテーテル。
  7. 7.前記アクチュエータ部材が、手元側端部及び先端側端部を備えた円筒状ロッ ド及び前記手元側端部及び先端側端部に固定されたディスクの形態をなしており 、該ディスクの間で第1及び第2ばねがロッド上に同心状に取り付けられ、前記 中央ルーメン内には環状部材が配置され、該環状部材が可撓性長部材の先端側端 部に固定され、前記第1ばねの先端側端部が環状部材と係合し、第2ばねの手元 側端部も環状部材と係合していることを特徴とする請求の範囲第4項に記載のカ テーテル。
JP6501509A 1992-06-05 1993-05-27 薬剤投与用リトラクタブルカニューレを備えたカテーテル Pending JPH07507470A (ja)

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US07/894,080 US5236424A (en) 1992-06-05 1992-06-05 Catheter with retractable cannula for delivering a plurality of chemicals
US894,080 1992-06-05
PCT/US1993/005060 WO1993025263A1 (en) 1992-06-05 1993-05-27 Catheter with retractable cannula for delivery of chemicals

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EP0684854A4 (en) 1995-03-08

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