JPH0694449B2 - 化粧品組成物 - Google Patents
化粧品組成物Info
- Publication number
- JPH0694449B2 JPH0694449B2 JP3337506A JP33750691A JPH0694449B2 JP H0694449 B2 JPH0694449 B2 JP H0694449B2 JP 3337506 A JP3337506 A JP 3337506A JP 33750691 A JP33750691 A JP 33750691A JP H0694449 B2 JPH0694449 B2 JP H0694449B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- ceramide
- pseudo
- structural formula
- skin
- integer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 73
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 title 1
- 229940106189 ceramide Drugs 0.000 claims description 51
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,4-di(pentan-2-yl)phenoxy]acetyl chloride Chemical compound CCCC(C)C1=CC=C(OCC(Cl)=O)C(C(C)CCC)=C1 NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])[O-] QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005313 fatty acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- -1 2-hydroxyoctadecyl Chemical group 0.000 description 55
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 50
- 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 description 33
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000006210 lotion Substances 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 150000001783 ceramides Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 13
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 12
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 description 11
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007762 w/o emulsion Substances 0.000 description 10
- YDNKGFDKKRUKPY-JHOUSYSJSA-N C16 ceramide Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N[C@@H](CO)[C@H](O)C=CCCCCCCCCCCCCC YDNKGFDKKRUKPY-JHOUSYSJSA-N 0.000 description 9
- CRJGESKKUOMBCT-VQTJNVASSA-N N-acetylsphinganine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)NC(C)=O CRJGESKKUOMBCT-VQTJNVASSA-N 0.000 description 9
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- ZVEQCJWYRWKARO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceramide Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)C(=O)NC(CO)C(O)C=CCCC=C(C)CCCCCCCCC ZVEQCJWYRWKARO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- VVGIYYKRAMHVLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N newbouldiamide Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(CO)NC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC VVGIYYKRAMHVLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000007764 o/w emulsion Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 206010013786 Dry skin Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000037336 dry skin Effects 0.000 description 5
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000490 cosmetic additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008309 hydrophilic cream Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N (2s)-2-[[4-[2-(2,4-diaminoquinazolin-6-yl)ethyl]benzoyl]amino]-4-methylidenepentanedioic acid Chemical compound C1=CC2=NC(N)=NC(N)=C2C=C1CCC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=C)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IDGRSSNJMNOSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-hydroxyethylamino)octadecan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)CNCCO IDGRSSNJMNOSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PRAKJMSDJKAYCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecahydrosqualene Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C PRAKJMSDJKAYCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 3
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 210000000434 stratum corneum Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminobenzoic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AERBNCYCJBRYDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-ribo-phytosphingosine Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)C(O)C(N)CO AERBNCYCJBRYDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004166 Lanolin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001549 ceramide group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- NOPFSRXAKWQILS-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO NOPFSRXAKWQILS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000004992 fast atom bombardment mass spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 2
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019388 lanolin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940039717 lanolin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229940057995 liquid paraffin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003904 phospholipids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- AERBNCYCJBRYDG-KSZLIROESA-N phytosphingosine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](N)CO AERBNCYCJBRYDG-KSZLIROESA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940033329 phytosphingosine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000475 sunscreen effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000516 sunscreening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- DSEKYWAQQVUQTP-XEWMWGOFSA-N (2r,4r,4as,6as,6as,6br,8ar,12ar,14as,14bs)-2-hydroxy-4,4a,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14a-octamethyl-2,4,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14b-tetradecahydro-1h-picen-3-one Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@]2(C)CC[C@@]34C)C(C)(C)CC[C@]1(C)CC[C@]2(C)[C@H]4CC[C@@]1(C)[C@H]3C[C@@H](O)C(=O)[C@@H]1C DSEKYWAQQVUQTP-XEWMWGOFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YYGNTYWPHWGJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N (6E,10E,14E,18E)-2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosa-2,6,10,14,18,22-hexaene Chemical compound CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C YYGNTYWPHWGJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOSAWIQFTJIYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl BOSAWIQFTJIYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QMMJWQMCMRUYTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4,5-tetrachloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=CC(Cl)=C1Cl QMMJWQMCMRUYTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTNLZBOAYTXLIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(octadecan-2-ylamino)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(C)NCCO OTNLZBOAYTXLIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TYYHDKOVFSVWON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butyl-2-methoxy-1,3-diphenylpropane-1,3-dione Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C(OC)(CCCC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 TYYHDKOVFSVWON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QBJWYMFTMJFGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hexadecyloxirane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1CO1 QBJWYMFTMJFGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JDIVORNAQPSLGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-n-(2-hydroxyethyl)-n-(2-hydroxyoctadecyl)octanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)CN(CCO)C(=O)C(O)CCCCCC JDIVORNAQPSLGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RFVNOJDQRGSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCO RFVNOJDQRGSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OJIBJRXMHVZPLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl hexadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(C)C OJIBJRXMHVZPLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 4-hydroxybenzoate Chemical class OC1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ODHCTXKNWHHXJC-VKHMYHEASA-N 5-oxo-L-proline Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H]1CCC(=O)N1 ODHCTXKNWHHXJC-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001116389 Aloe Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000004385 Centaurea cyanus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005940 Centaurea cyanus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008067 Cucumis sativus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010799 Cucumis sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMSXQFUHVRWGNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane Chemical compound C[Si]1(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O1 XMSXQFUHVRWGNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYGXAGIECVVIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl decanedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCC PYGXAGIECVVIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004338 Dichlorodifluoromethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000208680 Hamamelis mollis Species 0.000 description 1
- CMBYOWLFQAFZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexyl dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCCCC CMBYOWLFQAFZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lactate Chemical compound CC(O)C([O-])=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004909 Moisturizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000772415 Neovison vison Species 0.000 description 1
- YBGZDTIWKVFICR-JLHYYAGUSA-N Octyl 4-methoxycinnamic acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=C(OC)C=C1 YBGZDTIWKVFICR-JLHYYAGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019485 Safflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000151637 Sambucus canadensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000018735 Sambucus canadensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019486 Sunflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BHEOSNUKNHRBNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetramethylsqualene Natural products CC(=C)C(C)CCC(=C)C(C)CCC(C)=CCCC=C(C)CCC(C)C(=C)CCC(C)C(C)=C BHEOSNUKNHRBNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000299461 Theobroma cacao Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009470 Theobroma cacao Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LEHOTFFKMJEONL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uric Acid Chemical compound N1C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1NC(=O)N2 LEHOTFFKMJEONL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GANNOFFDYMSBSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [AlH3].[Mg] Chemical class [AlH3].[Mg] GANNOFFDYMSBSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011399 aloe vera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004050 aminobenzoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous methyl chloride Natural products ClC NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960005193 avobenzone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000021302 avocado oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008163 avocado oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- JAONZGLTYYUPCT-UHFFFAOYSA-K bismuth subgallate Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C2O[Bi](O)OC2=C1 JAONZGLTYYUPCT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000007123 blue elder Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006172 buffering agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- DHAZIUXMHRHVMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl tetradecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCC DHAZIUXMHRHVMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003123 carboxymethyl cellulose sodium Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- KQXDGUVSAAQARU-HZJYTTRNSA-N linoleoyl ethanolamide Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)NCCO KQXDGUVSAAQARU-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- TUHBEKDERLKLEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N squalene Natural products CC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC=C(/C)CCC=C(/C)CC=C(C)C)C)C)C TUHBEKDERLKLEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005207 tetraalkylammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BORJONZPSTVSFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)O BORJONZPSTVSFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DZKXJUASMGQEMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecyl tetradecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCC DZKXJUASMGQEMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C235/00—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms
- C07C235/02—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C235/04—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
- C07C235/08—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to an acyclic carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/68—Sphingolipids, e.g. ceramides, cerebrosides, gangliosides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
- A61Q19/007—Preparations for dry skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q3/00—Manicure or pedicure preparations
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB909022922A GB9022922D0 (en) | 1990-10-22 | 1990-10-22 | Cosmetic composition |
| GB9022922.0 | 1990-10-22 | ||
| GB909027708A GB9027708D0 (en) | 1990-12-20 | 1990-12-20 | Cosmetic composition |
| GB9027708.8 | 1990-12-20 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04282304A JPH04282304A (ja) | 1992-10-07 |
| JPH0694449B2 true JPH0694449B2 (ja) | 1994-11-24 |
Family
ID=26297836
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3337506A Expired - Lifetime JPH0694449B2 (ja) | 1990-10-22 | 1991-10-22 | 化粧品組成物 |
Country Status (8)
Families Citing this family (57)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9022921D0 (en) * | 1990-10-22 | 1990-12-05 | Unilever Plc | Cosmetic composition |
| GB9100816D0 (en) * | 1991-01-15 | 1991-02-27 | Unilever Plc | Cosmetic composition |
| WO1992018094A1 (en) * | 1991-04-17 | 1992-10-29 | Yamahatsu Sangyo Kaisha, Ltd. | Hair tinting composition |
| GB9124360D0 (en) * | 1991-11-15 | 1992-01-08 | Unilever Plc | Cosmetic compositions |
| GB9209860D0 (en) * | 1992-05-07 | 1992-06-24 | Unilever Plc | Synthesis of cosmetic ingredient |
| JPH06107521A (ja) * | 1992-09-29 | 1994-04-19 | Shiseido Co Ltd | 皮膚洗浄料 |
| CA2144452C (en) * | 1992-10-07 | 1999-12-28 | Keith Robert Motion | Hydroxy alkyl amides of dicarboxylic acids and their use in cosmetic compositions |
| JPH06145123A (ja) * | 1992-11-02 | 1994-05-24 | Kao Corp | アミド誘導体及びその製造中間体、並びに該アミド誘導体を含有する皮膚外用剤 |
| WO1994010131A1 (en) * | 1992-11-03 | 1994-05-11 | Unilever Plc | Method of synthesising phytosphingosine-containing ceramides and cosmetic compositions comprising them |
| GB9308103D0 (en) * | 1993-04-20 | 1993-06-02 | Unilever Plc | Cosmetic composition |
| FR2711138B1 (fr) * | 1993-10-12 | 1995-11-24 | Oreal | Céramides, leur procédé de préparation et leurs applications en cosmétique et en dermopharmacie. |
| US5919960A (en) * | 1993-10-28 | 1999-07-06 | Gist-Brocades, B.V. | Phytosphingosine-based ceramide I analogs |
| WO1995016665A1 (en) * | 1993-12-17 | 1995-06-22 | Unilever Plc | Synthetic ceramides and their use in cosmetic compositions |
| DE4401102A1 (de) * | 1994-01-17 | 1995-07-20 | Henkel Kgaa | Pseudoceramide |
| DE4402929C1 (de) * | 1994-02-01 | 1995-06-22 | Henkel Kgaa | Pseudoceramide, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung |
| WO1995029151A1 (en) * | 1994-04-27 | 1995-11-02 | Gist-Brocades B.V. | Short chain 2-hydroxycarboxylic acid-based derivatives of ceramides |
| FR2719216B1 (fr) * | 1994-05-02 | 1996-05-31 | Oreal | Composition pour le traitement et la protection des cheveux à base de céramides et de polymères de Vinylpyrrolidone. |
| FR2721210B1 (fr) * | 1994-06-17 | 1996-08-02 | Oreal | Composition de nettoyage contenant des grains lipidiques. |
| DE4424530A1 (de) * | 1994-07-12 | 1996-01-18 | Henkel Kgaa | Pseudoceramide |
| US5820873A (en) * | 1994-09-30 | 1998-10-13 | The University Of British Columbia | Polyethylene glycol modified ceramide lipids and liposome uses thereof |
| JP3299054B2 (ja) * | 1994-10-19 | 2002-07-08 | 花王株式会社 | 皮膚化粧料 |
| US5476661A (en) * | 1994-10-21 | 1995-12-19 | Elizabeth Arden Co., Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Compositions for topical application to skin, hair and nails |
| US5560917A (en) * | 1995-02-01 | 1996-10-01 | Maybelline Intermediate Company | Cosmetic makeup composition |
| JP3122333B2 (ja) * | 1995-02-28 | 2001-01-09 | 株式会社薬理学中央研究所 | 赤血球を原料とするスフィンゴミエリンおよびセラミドの新規製造方法とセラミド配合治療剤又は化粧品 |
| US6673364B1 (en) | 1995-06-07 | 2004-01-06 | The University Of British Columbia | Liposome having an exchangeable component |
| DE19523479C1 (de) * | 1995-06-28 | 1996-10-10 | Henkel Kgaa | Verwendung von Zuckermonosäureamiden in kosmetischen Präparaten |
| NZ299379A (en) | 1995-10-27 | 1997-04-24 | Unilever Plc | Topical flavanone-containing composition |
| AU727426B2 (en) * | 1996-07-02 | 2000-12-14 | Children's Hospital Medical Center | Skin lightening compositions |
| FR2752420B1 (fr) * | 1996-08-14 | 1998-10-02 | Oreal | Derives n-(alkyloxycarbonyl)-n-(2-hydroxy-3-alkyloxypropyl)- ethanolamine et leur utilisation dans et pour la preparation de compositions cosmetiques ou dermatologiques |
| JP4101320B2 (ja) * | 1996-10-11 | 2008-06-18 | 高砂香料工業株式会社 | 一級アミド誘導体の製造方法 |
| JP3457813B2 (ja) * | 1996-11-07 | 2003-10-20 | 花王株式会社 | 化粧料 |
| TW491707B (en) * | 1996-11-22 | 2002-06-21 | Kao Corp | Hair cosmetic compositions |
| US6060612A (en) * | 1996-12-26 | 2000-05-09 | Pacific Corporation | Ceramide-like compounds and a method for preparation thereof, and a cosmetic composition containing the same |
| IN187860B (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) * | 1997-08-27 | 2002-07-06 | Revlon Consumer Prod Corp | |
| US6734171B1 (en) | 1997-10-10 | 2004-05-11 | Inex Pharmaceuticals Corp. | Methods for encapsulating nucleic acids in lipid bilayers |
| DE19748399A1 (de) * | 1997-11-03 | 1999-05-06 | Henkel Kgaa | Sulfatierte Pseudoceramide |
| US5882665A (en) * | 1997-11-18 | 1999-03-16 | Elizabeth Arden Co., Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Phytosphingosine salicylates in cosmetic compositions |
| US6180121B1 (en) | 1998-03-05 | 2001-01-30 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Fragrance enhancing compositions for cosmetic products |
| KR100352986B1 (ko) * | 2000-04-28 | 2002-09-18 | 주식회사 태평양 | 세라미드 유사 화합물 및 이의 제조방법, 및 이를함유하는 화장료 조성물 |
| CA2406823A1 (en) * | 2000-04-28 | 2001-11-08 | Lawrence John Penkler | Amphiphilic macrocyclic derivatives and their analogues |
| WO2001082881A1 (fr) * | 2000-04-28 | 2001-11-08 | Ceramide Co., Ltd. | Compositions de frisage et methode de frisage utilisant ces compositions |
| US6444196B1 (en) | 2000-06-30 | 2002-09-03 | Ethnic Magic, Inc. | Hair treatment composition and method |
| KR20020021698A (ko) * | 2000-09-16 | 2002-03-22 | 김기범 | 제습조성물 및 그 제조방법 |
| GB0204133D0 (en) * | 2002-02-22 | 2002-04-10 | Quest Int | Improvements in or relating to hair care compositions |
| US7582306B2 (en) | 2002-02-26 | 2009-09-01 | Coreana Cosmetics Co., Ltd. | Pseudoceramides and cosmetic compositions comprising the same |
| KR20040048777A (ko) * | 2002-12-04 | 2004-06-10 | 권혁수 | 아치 보정구를 내장하는 신발깔창 |
| US6645514B1 (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2003-11-11 | Access Business Group International, Llc | Increasing skin cell renewal with water-soluble Vitamin E |
| US20040219177A1 (en) * | 2003-04-29 | 2004-11-04 | Jacobs Randy J. | Depleted skin barrier replenishing skin creams composition and method of application |
| BRPI0516437A (pt) * | 2004-10-04 | 2008-09-02 | Oreal E Nestec S A L | utilização de uma quantidade eficaz de pelo menos um microorganismo, processo de tratamento cosmético, composição cosmética e/ou dermatológica e composição para absorção oral |
| FR2889057B1 (fr) * | 2005-08-01 | 2008-07-18 | Oreal | Composition cosmetique et/ou dermatologique pour la prevention et/ou le traitement des peaux sensibles ou seches |
| FR2919501B1 (fr) * | 2007-08-02 | 2010-12-31 | Oreal | Utilisation d'hesperidine ou de l'un de ses derives pour la prevention et/ou le traitement des peaux relachees |
| FR2920304B1 (fr) * | 2007-09-04 | 2010-06-25 | Oreal | Utilisation cosmetique de lysat bifidobacterium species pour le traitement de la secheresse. |
| FR2920305B1 (fr) * | 2007-09-04 | 2010-07-30 | Oreal | Utilisation d'un lysat de bifidobacterium species pour le traitement de peaux sensibles. |
| ES2461791T3 (es) * | 2007-09-04 | 2014-05-21 | L'oréal | Utilización de una combinación de hesperidina y de un microorganismo para actuar sobre la función de barrera de la piel |
| FR2940908B1 (fr) | 2009-01-12 | 2012-08-24 | Oreal | Association cosmetique d'un microorganisme et d'un derive phytosphingosine |
| FR2942719B1 (fr) * | 2009-03-04 | 2011-08-19 | Oreal | Utilisation de microorganismes probiotiques pour limiter les irritations cutanees |
| CN104530117B (zh) * | 2014-11-21 | 2017-05-24 | 何彦波 | 一种妥尔油酸二乙醇酰胺磷酸酯及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB420883A (en) * | 1932-03-02 | 1934-12-03 | Ig Farbenindustrie Ag | Process for the manufacture of new reaction products of acid amides |
| FR2499852A1 (fr) * | 1981-02-19 | 1982-08-20 | Rocador Sa | Medicament a base de n-hydroxyethylacetamide pour le traitement des affections occasionnees par la seborrhee sur le cuir chevelu humain |
| US4534899A (en) * | 1981-07-20 | 1985-08-13 | Lipid Specialties, Inc. | Synthetic phospholipid compounds |
| AU546872B2 (en) * | 1982-06-16 | 1985-09-26 | Unilever Plc | Skin treatment compositions containing a fatty acid or ester |
| JPS59187787A (ja) * | 1983-04-11 | 1984-10-24 | Meito Sangyo Kk | 酵素法スフインゴリン脂質誘導体の製法 |
| MY100343A (en) * | 1985-12-20 | 1990-08-28 | Kao Corp | Amide derivative and external medicament comprising same |
| JPS63178842A (ja) * | 1987-01-19 | 1988-07-22 | Kanebo Ltd | リポソ−ム形成剤 |
| JPS63185441A (ja) * | 1987-01-27 | 1988-08-01 | Kanebo Ltd | リポソ−ム形成剤 |
| JPS63185442A (ja) * | 1987-01-27 | 1988-08-01 | Kanebo Ltd | リポソ−ム形成剤 |
| JPS63192703A (ja) * | 1987-02-04 | 1988-08-10 | Kao Corp | 皮膚外用剤 |
| DE3884021T2 (de) * | 1987-03-06 | 1994-04-14 | Kao Corp | Äusserliches Hautpflegepräparat. |
| DE3905325A1 (de) * | 1989-02-17 | 1990-09-06 | Schering Ag | Hydroxyalkancarbonsaeure-derivate, deren herstellung und verwendung |
| GB9009793D0 (en) * | 1990-05-01 | 1990-06-20 | Unilever Plc | Cosmetic composition |
| GB9100816D0 (en) * | 1991-01-15 | 1991-02-27 | Unilever Plc | Cosmetic composition |
-
1991
- 1991-10-18 AU AU86002/91A patent/AU639373B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1991-10-21 EP EP19910309702 patent/EP0482860A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1991-10-21 US US07/781,052 patent/US5198210A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-10-21 CA CA002053794A patent/CA2053794A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-10-22 JP JP3337506A patent/JPH0694449B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-10-22 BR BR919104565A patent/BR9104565A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-10-22 KR KR1019910018554A patent/KR920007617A/ko not_active Ceased
-
1992
- 1992-02-10 TW TW081100880A patent/TW228514B/zh active
- 1992-12-04 US US07/985,993 patent/US5326565A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU639373B2 (en) | 1993-07-22 |
| KR920007617A (ko) | 1992-05-27 |
| AU8600291A (en) | 1992-04-30 |
| US5198210A (en) | 1993-03-30 |
| US5326565A (en) | 1994-07-05 |
| EP0482860A1 (en) | 1992-04-29 |
| BR9104565A (pt) | 1992-06-09 |
| TW228514B (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1994-08-21 |
| JPH04282304A (ja) | 1992-10-07 |
| CA2053794A1 (en) | 1992-04-23 |
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