JPH067391A - 脊椎骨間円板用人工器官 - Google Patents

脊椎骨間円板用人工器官

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Publication number
JPH067391A
JPH067391A JP5052070A JP5207093A JPH067391A JP H067391 A JPH067391 A JP H067391A JP 5052070 A JP5052070 A JP 5052070A JP 5207093 A JP5207093 A JP 5207093A JP H067391 A JPH067391 A JP H067391A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
core
plates
intervertebral disc
section
cross
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP5052070A
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English (en)
Other versions
JP3017371B2 (ja
Inventor
Karin Buettner-Janz
カリン・ビュットナー−ヤンツ
Lemair Jean-Philippe
ジャン−フィリップ・ルメール
Arnold Keller
アルノルト・ケラー
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Barudemaale Rinku & Co GmbH
Waldemar Link GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Barudemaale Rinku & Co GmbH
Waldemar Link GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of JPH067391A publication Critical patent/JPH067391A/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3017371B2 publication Critical patent/JP3017371B2/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/44—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
    • A61F2/442—Intervertebral or spinal discs, e.g. resilient
    • A61F2/4425—Intervertebral or spinal discs, e.g. resilient made of articulated components
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30108—Shapes
    • A61F2002/3011—Cross-sections or two-dimensional shapes
    • A61F2002/30112—Rounded shapes, e.g. with rounded corners
    • A61F2002/30125—Rounded shapes, e.g. with rounded corners elliptical or oval
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30108—Shapes
    • A61F2002/3011—Cross-sections or two-dimensional shapes
    • A61F2002/30138—Convex polygonal shapes
    • A61F2002/30156—Convex polygonal shapes triangular
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30108—Shapes
    • A61F2002/30199—Three-dimensional shapes
    • A61F2002/30252—Three-dimensional shapes quadric-shaped
    • A61F2002/30253—Three-dimensional shapes quadric-shaped ellipsoidal or ovoid
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30383—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by laterally inserting a protrusion, e.g. a rib into a complementarily-shaped groove
    • A61F2002/3039—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by laterally inserting a protrusion, e.g. a rib into a complementarily-shaped groove with possibility of relative movement of the rib within the groove
    • A61F2002/30392—Rotation
    • A61F2002/30393—Rotation with additional means for limiting said rotation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30621—Features concerning the anatomical functioning or articulation of the prosthetic joint
    • A61F2002/30639—Features concerning the anatomical functioning or articulation of the prosthetic joint having rolling elements between both articulating surfaces
    • A61F2002/30642—Features concerning the anatomical functioning or articulation of the prosthetic joint having rolling elements between both articulating surfaces having a single rolling (or sliding) ball articulating between two cups
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30621—Features concerning the anatomical functioning or articulation of the prosthetic joint
    • A61F2002/30649—Ball-and-socket joints
    • A61F2002/30663—Ball-and-socket joints multiaxial, e.g. biaxial; multipolar, e.g. bipolar or having an intermediate shell articulating between the ball and the socket
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/30841—Sharp anchoring protrusions for impaction into the bone, e.g. sharp pins, spikes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/30878—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves with non-sharp protrusions, for instance contacting the bone for anchoring, e.g. keels, pegs, pins, posts, shanks, stems, struts
    • A61F2002/30891—Plurality of protrusions
    • A61F2002/30892—Plurality of protrusions parallel
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/44—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
    • A61F2/442—Intervertebral or spinal discs, e.g. resilient
    • A61F2/4425—Intervertebral or spinal discs, e.g. resilient made of articulated components
    • A61F2002/443—Intervertebral or spinal discs, e.g. resilient made of articulated components having two transversal endplates and at least one intermediate component
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2220/00—Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2220/0025—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2230/0002—Two-dimensional shapes, e.g. cross-sections
    • A61F2230/0004—Rounded shapes, e.g. with rounded corners
    • A61F2230/0008—Rounded shapes, e.g. with rounded corners elliptical or oval
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2230/0002—Two-dimensional shapes, e.g. cross-sections
    • A61F2230/0017—Angular shapes
    • A61F2230/0023—Angular shapes triangular
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2230/0063—Three-dimensional shapes
    • A61F2230/0073—Quadric-shaped
    • A61F2230/0076—Quadric-shaped ellipsoidal or ovoid
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S606/00—Surgery
    • Y10S606/907—Composed of particular material or coated
    • Y10S606/91—Polymer

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

(57)【要約】 【目的】 体が回転しても脊椎骨から離れることがな
く、しかも、その回転に対して、自然のものに近いゆる
やかな抵抗力を備えた脊椎骨間円板用人工器官を提供す
る。 【構成】 ２つのプレート１,２とコア３とを有する。
プレート１,２とコア３とは、関節面６を通じて協働す
る。関節面６の曲率半径は、左右方向断面におけるより
も前後方向断面における方が小さくなっているので、コ
ア３は、関節面６に沿って回転するとプレート１,２か
らはみ出すが、その状態は体重の負荷に対する反作用に
よって回復するようになっている。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】
【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、対応する脊椎骨の終板
に連結される２つの末端プレートと、少なくとも一方の
末端プレートと回動関節面を介して協働するコアとを有
する脊椎骨間円板用人工器官に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術及び発明の課題】従来のこのタイプの脊椎
骨間円板用人工器官（ヨーロッパ特許出願第0176728号
公開明細書、フランス特許出願第2659226号明細書、ド
イツ特許出願第2804936号明細書）では、関節面は球形
をなしている。従って、人工器官によって互いに接続さ
れる脊椎骨は、前後方向及び左右方向の曲げ運動だけで
なく、垂直軸を中心とする回転運動も自在に行うことが
できる。さらに、この回転運動は、末端プレートの一部
の衝突によって阻止されることもない。これとは対照的
に、従来の他の脊椎骨間円板用人工器官（ドイツ特許発
明第3023353号明細書）では、末端プレートが互いに衝
突することによって回転運動は不可能なものとなってお
り、前後方向のピボット運動だけが可能となっている。
これは、以下の点において不利である。つまり、末端プ
レートは同じ材料より形成されており、その一部が互い
にスライドするときには相応の高摩耗及び高摩擦を伴う
ことになる。また、それだけではなく、体が回転したと
きに生じる強い力によって、人工器官と、対応する脊椎
骨との固定を持続することができなくなることがある。
しかし、人工器官が前述のように自由に回転できるよう
になっていても、やはり具合が悪い。と言うのは、自然
の脊椎骨間円板には、その線維の構造や線維の並び方に
よって回転に対する必要な抵抗力が備わっているのだ
が、この抵抗力が、少なくとも十分な瘢痕組織が形成さ
れるまでは、欠如することになるからである。従って、
脊椎骨の湾曲した関節に過度の重みがかかり、何らかの
問題が生ずることになる。以上のように、垂直軸を中心
とする回転を、末端プレートに衝突することなく、一定
の抵抗力によって阻止できるような脊椎骨間円板用人工
器官が必要とされている。
【０００３】
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するため
の本発明に係る脊椎骨間円板用人工器官は、湾曲したア
ーチ形状をなす関節面を有しており、該アーチ形状は、
前後方向断面と左右方向断面とにおいて異なる平均半径
を有している。前後方向断面における曲率半径は、左右
方向断面における曲率半径よりも小さいことが好まし
い。この、互いに直角をなす２つの基準方向における曲
率半径は、１.２〜２.５倍、好ましくは１.５〜２倍、
の比率で適宜に相違している。各基準断面において、円
形またはほぼ円形をなす適切なアーチ形状が形成されて
いる。
【０００４】上記構成により生じる効果は以下の通りで
ある。つまり、人工器官の一部は垂直軸を中心として回
転可能であり、その際には、関節面の、横方向に傾斜し
た面が互いにスライドするので人工器官ははみ出しを生
じるけれど、体重がかかると復帰運動が生じるようにな
っている。逆に言うと、垂直軸を中心とする人工器官の
回転運動はゆるやかに止まり、その後、人工器官は中立
位置へ戻ろうとするのである。
【０００５】本発明においては、垂直軸を中心とする人
工器官の回転に対して抵抗が生ずるにもかかわらず、両
プレート間、好ましくは、関節面を通じて協働するコア
と両プレート間、において作用する停止手段を設けるこ
とによって、回転の最大有効角度を適切に制限できるよ
うになっている。普通の回転運動の範囲内では、関節面
の形状によって生じる抵抗力だけで十分であるので、停
止手段は、通常は機能することはない。停止手段は、た
だ、脊椎骨系統や人工器官それ自体を傷付ける虞れのあ
るような回転を阻止するために設けられる。通常、人工
器官の部分間の衝突は避けられている。と言うのは、体
が回転したときに強い衝突力が生じると、人工器官の一
部と骨との連結に支障を来すかもしれないからである。
本発明では、体の回転は、停止手段に到達する前に、関
節面の抵抗力によって十分に弱められるので、上記のよ
うな危険性は回避されている。
【０００６】好ましい実施例では、停止手段は、互いに
協働するコアとプレートの関節面に組み込まれている。
停止手段は、プレートの関節面では溝として好適に形成
されており、コアの関節面ではリブとして好適に形成さ
れている。これら溝とリブの形状は、人体を前方及び左
右両側面方向へ適切な程度だけ曲げるに必要な回転範囲
が保証されるように決められる。米国特許第4759766号
明細書（US-C4759766）に示されるように、突起と溝と
によってプレートとコアとを協働させることは従来から
知られている。しかし、そこに見られる停止手段は、回
転運動を止めるには適切な形状を有しておらず、また、
関節面が円柱状をなしていて回転できないので、その必
要性もない。
【０００７】溝とリブとの接続による停止手段に加え
て、あるいは、その代わりに、コアとプレートの一方に
カラーを設け、他方にカラーと協働するリムを設けるこ
とによって、回転を制限することも可能である。カラー
は、それを取り付けている、コアもしくはプレートを取
り囲むように構成することが好ましい。このようなカラ
ーとリムをコアとプレートに設けること自体は、ヨーロ
ッパ特許出願第0176728号公開明細書の図１〜３に示さ
れるように従来より知られたものであるが、それは、人
工器官の部材を横方向の相対移動に対して保持するため
に、円周方向の制限手段を備えている。本発明では、部
材の基本的形状が楕円形であっても、その部材による垂
直軸を中心とする回転を同様に制限できるようになって
いる。
【０００８】
【実施例】以下に、添付図面に示した本発明の実施例に
ついて詳細に説明する。
【０００９】図に示す脊椎骨間円板用人工器官は、２つ
のプレート、すなわち、底部プレート１と上部プレート
２、とコア３とを有する。プレートは金属よりなる。プ
レートの上面４は、それらと対面する、脊椎骨の上面と
接するようになっている。上面４には歯状部５が設けら
れており、この歯状部５が脊椎骨に食い込むことによっ
て、人工器官は脊椎骨に対して固定される。
【００１０】コア３は、良好なスライド特性を有するプ
ラスチック、特に高密度ポリエチレン、よりなる。プレ
ート１,２とコア３とによって関節面６が形成されてい
る。関節面６は、中立状態（図１,３）では合致状態に
ある。関節面６は、左右方向中央断面（図１）では、前
後方向断面（図３）と同様に、円形のアーチ状をなす。
他のすべての、前後方向断面及び左右方向断面におい
て、関節面６は、円形のアーチ状あるいはほぼ円形のア
ーチ状をなすことが好ましい。このことより、図２,４
に示すように、左右方向及び前後方向における曲げ運動
が可能となり、さらに、この左右方向と前後方向との合
成による斜め方向の曲げ運動も可能となっている。コア
３にはカラー７が設けられている。図２の右側面に明確
に示されるように、カラー７は、プレート１,２に対す
るコア３の横方向の相対移動を制限するために、プレー
ト１,２のリム８と協働する。以上のことは、従来の人
工器官によって既に知られている。
【００１１】本発明では、関節面６の曲率半径は前後方
向断面と左右方向断面において異なっている。すなわ
ち、前後方向断面（図３）における曲率半径の方が左右
方向断面（図１）における曲率半径よりも小さくなって
いる。スライド面が球状をなしている場合には、プレー
トがコアに対して垂直軸９を中心に符号１０の方向へ回
転しても、スライド面の合致状態は保たれるが、本発明
のように基準面の関節面に対して各断面の関節面の形状
が異なるときには、その合致状態はもはや存在しない。
つまり、コア３は、プレート１,２の関節面６の面に沿
って回転したときに、各断面箇所においてはみ出すので
ある。従って、体重がかかるとプレート１,２にはねじ
り方向の力が生ずる。そしてその結果、プレート１,２
は、体重の負荷に対する反作用によって反対方向に回転
し、中立位置へ戻ろうとする。プレートの回転に対する
抵抗力は、プレート及びコアの関節面の協働する面の傾
斜によって定まる。従って、これらの面の角度を変える
ことによって、抵抗力は、プレートと脊椎骨間に伝えら
れる両者の固定力をいかなる場合においても越えること
のないように適切に調節される。
【００１２】人工器官のすべての構成要素の軸９が一列
に並んでいても、コアのカラー７は、一定のねじり角度
においてプレートのリム８と係合する。これによって、
過度のねじりは停止する。また、カラーと関節面との距
離、及び、カラーと、中立位置におけるリム８との距離
を変えることによって、ねじり停止の利くねじり角度を
調節することも可能である。この点に関して、カラー７
とリム８は、関節面６の外縁と平行である必要はない。
【００１３】図８〜１１に示す第２実施例は、以下に述
べる点以外については第１実施例と一致している。
【００１４】カラー７とリム８だけでは回転運動に対す
る制限効果が不十分である場合に備えて、コア３の前後
方向にはリブ１１が、プレートの関節面の、リブ１１に
相応すべき所定の位置には溝１２が形成されており、リ
ブ１１と溝１２は係合するようになっている。リブ１１
と溝１２の輪郭は、平面図（図１０,１１）においてや
や異なっている。図２,４に示されるような曲げ運動を
可能なものとするために、前後方向断面及び左右方向断
面において、リブ１１の幅は溝１２の幅よりも小さくな
っている。それ以外にも、特に、溝１２内でリブ１１が
回転運動しうるように、リブ１１の端部は、その中央部
よりも、そして、溝１２よりも狭くなっている。この回
転運動は、リブ１１のその狭まった端部が溝１２の側壁
に衝突した場合にのみ、止まる。図に示すようにコアの
上方と下方とに何対かのスライド面を設ければ、両プレ
ートに対してコアの停止機構が作用することになる。一
方、コアがプレートにしっかりと連結しているのであれ
ば、この種の停止機構は一面に設けるだけで十分であ
る。
【００１５】リブ１１と溝１２との協働によって、人工
器官の回転運動だけでなくその曲げ運動も制限されるの
で、図１２,１３に示す第３実施例のように、コア３に
カラー７を設ける必要はない。この点を除くと、第３実
施例は、図８〜１１に示す第２実施例と一致している。
【００１６】第２,３実施例（図８〜１３）では、リブ
１１はコア３に、そして、リブ１１と協働する溝１２は
プレートに設けられているが、その位置は、第４実施例
（図１４）では逆になっている。すなわち、プレートに
設けられたリブ１３がコアに設けられた溝１４内に突出
しているのである。この場合においても、リブ１３は、
図１０に示されるような、端部に対するテーパー形状を
なしており、一方、溝１４は平行な面を有している。
【００１７】図１４に示す第４実施例は、コアにカラー
があってもなくても使用できるものである。図１４には
カラーのない場合が、図１５の第５実施例にはカラー７
のある場合が示されている。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 本発明の第１実施例に係る人工器官の中立位
置における左右方向中央断面図である。
【図２】 図１の人工器官が横方向に曲がったときの左
右方向中央断面図である。
【図３】 図１の人工器官の前後方向断面図である。
【図４】 図１の人工器官が前方に曲がったときの前後
方向断面図である。
【図５】 図１の人工器官のプレートの外面の平面図で
ある。
【図６】 図１の人工器官のコアの平面図である。
【図７】 図１の人工器官のプレートの内面の平面図で
ある。
【図８】 本発明の第２実施例に係る人工器官の中立位
置における左右方向中央断面図である。
【図９】 図８の人工器官の前後方向断面図である。
【図１０】 図８の人工器官のコアの平面図である。
【図１１】 図８の人工器官のプレートの内面の平面図
である。
【図１２】 本発明の第３実施例に係る人工器官の中立
位置における左右方向中央断面図である。
【図１３】 図１２の人工器官の前後方向断面図であ
る。
【図１４】 本発明の第４実施例に係る人工器官の中立
位置における左右方向中央断面図である。
【図１５】 本発明の第５実施例に係る人工器官の中立
位置における左右方向中央断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 底部プレート ２ 上部プレート ３ コア ４ 上面 ５ 歯状部 ６ 関節面 ７ カラー ８ リム ９ 垂直軸 １０ 回転方向 １１,１３ リブ １２,１４ 溝
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 カリン・ビュットナー−ヤンツ ドイツ連邦共和国オー−1144ベルリン、レ ーツァー・ヴェーク63番 (72)発明者 ジャン−フィリップ・ルメール フランス、エフ−21121フォンテーヌ・ レ・ディジョン、リュ・ドゥ・クレオ１番 クリニーク・ドゥ・フォンテーヌ (72)発明者 アルノルト・ケラー ドイツ連邦共和国2061カイフーデ、アン・ デア・ナーエルフルト５番

Claims (8)

    【特許請求の範囲】
  1. 【請求項１】 対応する脊椎骨の終板に連結するように
    なっている２つのプレート（１,２）と、垂直軸（９）
    を中心とする回転運動を可能にする関節面（６）を通じ
    て上記プレート（１,２）の少なくとも一方と協働する
    コア（３）とを有する脊椎骨間円板用人工器官であっ
    て、 上記関節面（６）は、前後方向断面と左右方向断面とに
    おいて異なる平均半径を有する湾曲したアーチ形状をな
    すことを特徴とする脊椎骨間円板用人工器官。
  2. 【請求項２】 上記前後方向断面における曲率半径は上
    記左右方向断面における曲率半径よりも小さいことを特
    徴とする請求項１記載の脊椎骨間円板用人工器官。
  3. 【請求項３】 一方の基準方向における平均曲率半径
    が、上記一方の基準方向に対して直角をなす他の基準方
    向における平均曲率半径よりも、１.２〜２.５倍、好ま
    しくは１.５〜２倍、の比率で大きいことを特徴とする
    請求項１または２記載の脊椎骨間円板用人工器官。
  4. 【請求項４】 上記関節面（６）の湾曲したアーチ形状
    は、上記前後方向断面及び上記左右方向断面の両方にお
    いて実質的に円形をなすことを特徴とする請求項１〜３
    のいずれかに記載の脊椎骨間円板用人工器官。
  5. 【請求項５】 上記コア（３）と、上記関節面（６）を
    通じて上記コア（３）と接続する上記プレート（１,
    ２）とには、回転運動を制限するために、協働する停止
    手段が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項１〜４の
    いずれかに記載の脊椎骨間円板用人工器官。
  6. 【請求項６】 上記コア（３）と上記プレート（１,
    ２）とには、少なくとも１つの溝（１２,１４）と、上
    記溝（１２,１４）内に収容される少なくとも１つのリ
    ブ(１１,１３)とが設けられており、上記溝（１２,１
    ４）と上記リブ（１１,１３）とは、上記基準方向に沿
    っており、相互に回転できる遊びを有することを特徴と
    する請求項５記載の脊椎骨間円板用人工器官。
  7. 【請求項７】 上記コア(３)と上記プレート（１,２）
    の一方にはカラー（７）が、上記コア(３）と上記プレ
    ート（１,２）の他方にはリム（８）が設けられてお
    り、上記カラー（７）は、回転方向に遊びを有して、上
    記リム（８）を取り囲むことを特徴とする請求項５記載
    の脊椎骨間円板用人工器官。
  8. 【請求項８】 上記２つのプレート（１,２）には、回
    転運動を制限するために、複数個の協働する停止手段が
    設けられていることを特徴とする請求項１〜５のいずれ
    かに記載の脊椎骨間円板用人工器官。
JP5052070A 1992-03-13 1993-03-12 脊椎骨間円板用人工器官 Expired - Fee Related JP3017371B2 (ja)

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EP (1) EP0560141B1 (ja)
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AT (1) ATE144695T1 (ja)
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ATE144695T1 (de) 1996-11-15
EP0560141A1 (de) 1993-09-15
DE4208116C2 (de) 1995-08-03
ES2094393T3 (es) 1997-01-16
DE4208116A1 (de) 1993-09-23
DE59304327D1 (de) 1996-12-05
JP3017371B2 (ja) 2000-03-06
EP0560141B1 (de) 1996-10-30
US5401269A (en) 1995-03-28

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