JPH0536426A - 固体電解質燃料電池 - Google Patents

固体電解質燃料電池

Info

Publication number
JPH0536426A
JPH0536426A JP3213059A JP21305991A JPH0536426A JP H0536426 A JPH0536426 A JP H0536426A JP 3213059 A JP3213059 A JP 3213059A JP 21305991 A JP21305991 A JP 21305991A JP H0536426 A JPH0536426 A JP H0536426A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
solid electrolyte
fuel cell
sealing material
thermal expansion
glass
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP3213059A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
JP3068264B2 (ja
Inventor
Hiroshi Tsukuda
洋 佃
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority to JP3213059A priority Critical patent/JP3068264B2/ja
Publication of JPH0536426A publication Critical patent/JPH0536426A/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3068264B2 publication Critical patent/JP3068264B2/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02Details
    • H01M8/0271Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

(57)【要約】 【目的】 固体電解質燃料電池に関する。 【構成】 固体電解質と異部材間の接合部に、SnO2
熱膨張率より2×10-6/℃以上大きく、かつ800〜
1100℃の融点を有するガラスに、粒径10〜500
μmのSnO2 粒子を5〜40容量%添加したシール材
を塗布して、前記接合部を密封固定してなる固体電解質
燃料電池。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】
【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は固体電解質燃料電池に関
し、特に該電池の固体電解質と異部材間の接合部のシー
ルに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】図1に示す固体電解質燃料電池は、電解
質1、該電解質1の両面に塗布された多孔質電極2、該
電解質1を支持するためのセラミックスチューブ3、該
電極2に接続され、出力を取り出すための電気取り出し
線4、前記電解質1に燃料ガスを供給、排出するための
ガス管5、前記電解質1近傍の高温部での燃料ガスのシ
ールを行うためのシール材6、低温部での燃料ガスのシ
ールを行うためのゴム栓7、シリコンゴム8及び電気炉
9より構成されている。
【0003】従来の固体電解質燃料電池においては、シ
ール材6は電解質1に熱膨張率が近く、固体電解質燃料
電池の作動付近の温度で溶融する。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】従来の固体電解質燃料
電池では、シール材6と電解質1の熱膨張率を近くして
いるが、僅かな熱膨張率の差で発生する応力のため冷却
時に電解質1が割れ、このため再度高温にした場合、燃
料ガスがもれ、燃料電池の出力が低下する欠点があっ
た。
【0005】本発明は上記技術水準に鑑み、従来の固体
電解質燃料電池の有する上述のような欠点のない固体電
解質燃料電池を提供しようとするものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は固体電解質と異
部材間の接合部に、SnO2 熱膨張率より2×10-6
℃以上大きく、かつ800〜1100℃で融けるガラス
に、粒径10〜500μmのSnO2 粒子を5〜40容
量%添加したシール材を塗布して、前記接合部を密封固
定してなることを特徴とする固体電解質燃料電池であ
る。
【0007】本発明で使用される固体電解質としては一
般的にZrO2 系のものが使用され、また、SnO2
熱膨張率より2×10-6/℃以上大きく、かつ800〜
1100℃の融点を有するガラスとしては一般的なガラ
スがこの物性を有するので、殆んどのガラスが使用でき
る。
【0008】
【作用】固体電解質燃料電池を作動させ、高温(800
〜1100℃)にした後、温度を室温まで降下した時、
シール材マトリックス(ガラス)と分散粒子(Sn
2 )、固体電解質の間に熱膨張率差が生じ歪が発生す
る。本発明におけるシール材を使用すると、この歪によ
り発生する割れがシール材の内部で発生し、固体電解質
に歪を発生させないようにすることができる。
【0009】本発明におけるシール材を、SnO2 (熱
膨張率:4×10-6/℃)の熱膨張率より2×10-6
℃以上大きく、かつ800〜1100℃で融けるガラス
に、粒径10〜500μmのSnO2 粒子を5〜40容
量%添加したものにするのは、固体電解質燃料電池の作
動温度(800〜1100℃)で、該シール材に割れを
発生させ、固体電解質に割れの発生を起こさせないため
である。なお、SnO2 粒子はガラス中に分散した状態
で存在する。
【0010】本発明におけるシール材はそれ自体が割れ
ることによって応力を逃がし、固体電解質の割れを防止
するが、次に使用する時には加熱して融けることにより
割れがなくなり、再びシール材として機能する。
【0011】本発明におけるシール材の一例として、一
般のガラス(熱膨張率:9.6×10-6/℃)に平均粒
径20μmのSnO2 粒子を10容量%添加したものを
例に採ると、その曲げ強度は約2.8kgf/cm2
ある。
【0012】本発明におけるシール材の微細組織の光学
顕微鏡写真(倍率:500倍)を図2に示す。
【0013】
【実施例】本発明の固体電解質燃料電池に使用するシー
ル材について、マトリックスとしてPbO−Al2 3
−SiO2 ガラスを用い、下記の諸点についての実験結
果を説明する。
【0014】 シール材の熱膨張率が固体電解質(8
mol%Y2 3 −ZrO2 )に与える影響(表1) 熱膨張率が4×10-6/℃の平均粒径30μmのSnO
2 を、熱膨張率が4×10-6/℃、6×10-6/℃、8
×10-6/℃のシール材マトリックス中に20容量%分
散させたシール材を図1のシール材6に適用した。10
00℃でのシールの漏れを確認した後、降温後の割れ状
況を降温後炉外に固体電解質部を取出し観察し、次いで
固体電解質部を炉内に入れて再昇温し、1000℃での
シール状況を再度確認した。この結果を表1に示す。
【表1】
【0015】以上の結果より、シール材マトリッ
クスの熱膨張率の方が大きく、分散粒子の熱膨張率との
差が2×10-6/℃以上であれば固体電解質に割れが発
生しないことが判る。
【0016】 シール材に分散する分散粒子の粒径が
固体電解質の割れに与える影響(表2) 熱膨張率が8×10-6/℃のシール材マトリックス中
に、熱膨張率が4×10-6/℃のSnO2 で、平均粒径
が5μm、10μm、30μm、250μm、500μ
m、750μmのものを20容量%分散させ、これらの
シール材を図1のシール材6に適用した。次に、上記
と同様な確認試験を行い、その結果を表2に示す。
【表2】
【0017】以上の結果より、分散粒子径が10〜50
0μmであれば固体電解質に割れが発生しないことが判
る。
【0018】 シール材に混入する分散粒子の量が固
体電解質の割れに与える影響(表3) 熱膨張率が8×10-6/℃のシール材マトリックス中に
熱膨張率が4×10-6/℃で平均粒径が30μmのSn
2 を、容量%で3%、5%、10%、20%、40
%、60%分散させた。これを図1のシール材6に適用
し、上記と同様な確認試験を行い、その結果を表3に
示す。
【表3】
【0019】以上の結果より、分散粒子の分散量が5〜
40容量%であれば固体電解質に割れが発生しないこと
が判る。
【0020】
【発明の効果】本発明により固体電解質とシール材の昇
温、降温時の熱膨張率の差に基く熱歪による固体電解質
の割れが防止できる固体電解質燃料電池が提供される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】固体電解質燃料電池の一般的な説明図。
【図2】本発明で使用するシール材の微細組織を示す光
学顕微鏡写真。

Claims (1)

  1. 【特許請求の範囲】 【請求項1】 固体電解質と異部材間の接合部に、Sn
    2 熱膨張率より2×10-6/℃以上大きく、かつ80
    0〜1100℃で融けるガラスに、粒径10〜500μ
    mのSnO2 粒子を5〜40容量%添加したシール材を
    塗布して、前記接合部を密封固定してなることを特徴と
    する固体電解質燃料電池。
JP3213059A 1991-07-31 1991-07-31 固体電解質燃料電池 Expired - Fee Related JP3068264B2 (ja)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3213059A JP3068264B2 (ja) 1991-07-31 1991-07-31 固体電解質燃料電池

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3213059A JP3068264B2 (ja) 1991-07-31 1991-07-31 固体電解質燃料電池

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0536426A true JPH0536426A (ja) 1993-02-12
JP3068264B2 JP3068264B2 (ja) 2000-07-24

Family

ID=16632855

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP3213059A Expired - Fee Related JP3068264B2 (ja) 1991-07-31 1991-07-31 固体電解質燃料電池

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3068264B2 (ja)

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JP2006185775A (ja) * 2004-12-28 2006-07-13 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> 固体酸化物形燃料電池用シール材および固体酸化物形燃料電池用シール材の製造方法
CN110021771A (zh) * 2019-04-23 2019-07-16 湖北大学 基于SnO2-SDC半导体-离子导体的肖特基结燃料电池的制备方法

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