JP7475836B2 - リチウム電池 - Google Patents
リチウム電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7475836B2 JP7475836B2 JP2019194573A JP2019194573A JP7475836B2 JP 7475836 B2 JP7475836 B2 JP 7475836B2 JP 2019194573 A JP2019194573 A JP 2019194573A JP 2019194573 A JP2019194573 A JP 2019194573A JP 7475836 B2 JP7475836 B2 JP 7475836B2
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- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- compound
- group
- lithium battery
- carbonate
- active material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 90
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 88
- -1 diallyl compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 98
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011856 silicon-based particle Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOCCOC ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- BJWMSGRKJIOCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound C=CC1COC(=O)O1 BJWMSGRKJIOCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CYEDOLFRAIXARV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCC CYEDOLFRAIXARV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000006749 (C6-C60) aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001290 LiPF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004450 alkenylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Natural products P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-sulfanylethyl)isoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)N(CCS)C(=O)C2=C1 UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GSINYWZNQFOYPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCOC(=O)CC.CCC(C)C(O)=O Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC.CCC(C)C(O)=O GSINYWZNQFOYPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910005143 FSO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001559 LiC4F9SO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000552 LiCF3SO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910013398 LiN(SO2CF2CF3)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 33
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 22
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 18
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 12
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 11
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 9
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000005678 chain carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 125000000923 (C1-C30) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000003358 C2-C20 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 102100028667 C-type lectin domain family 4 member A Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- MQJKPEGWNLWLTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dapsone Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 MQJKPEGWNLWLTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 101000766908 Homo sapiens C-type lectin domain family 4 member A Proteins 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000003837 (C1-C20) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000006742 (C6-C20) heteroarylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- GWAOOGWHPITOEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5,2,4-dioxadithiane 2,2,4,4-tetraoxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CS(=O)(=O)OCO1 GWAOOGWHPITOEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OZJPLYNZGCXSJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-valerolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCO1 OZJPLYNZGCXSJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 101000631760 Homo sapiens Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha Proteins 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052493 LiFePO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- 125000002178 anthracenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C12)* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphite Chemical compound CCOP(OCC)OCC BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphate Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JYVXNLLUYHCIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-mevalonolactone Natural products CC1(O)CCOC(=O)C1 JYVXNLLUYHCIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006735 (C1-C20) heteroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GHZRKQCHJFHJPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxacycloundecan-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCCCCCO1 GHZRKQCHJFHJPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004287 oxazol-2-yl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])N=C(*)O1 0.000 description 1
- 125000003145 oxazol-4-yl group Chemical group O1C=NC(=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004304 oxazol-5-yl group Chemical group O1C=NC=C1* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004817 pentamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004115 pentoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052699 polonium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002312 polyamide-imide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002480 polybenzimidazole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004368 propenyl group Chemical group C(=CC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000006413 ring segment Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021481 rutherfordium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021477 seaborgium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011871 silicon-based negative electrode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005608 sulfonated EPDM Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052713 technetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001712 tetrahydronaphthyl group Chemical group C1(CCCC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003831 tetrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000006234 thermal black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VPYJNCGUESNPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triallylamine Chemical compound C=CCN(CC=C)CC=C VPYJNCGUESNPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTTGYFREQJCEML-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCOP(OCCCC)OCCCC XTTGYFREQJCEML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZBZJXHCVGLJWFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloromethyl(.) Chemical compound Cl[C](Cl)Cl ZBZJXHCVGLJWFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYTQBVOFDCPGCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphite Chemical compound COP(OC)OC CYTQBVOFDCPGCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QOPBTFMUVTXWFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCOP(OCCC)OCCC QOPBTFMUVTXWFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FQLSDFNKTNBQLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)phosphane Chemical compound FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1P(C=1C(=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C=1F)F)C1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F FQLSDFNKTNBQLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OPYUOUCILLEBBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,4-difluorophenyl)phosphane Chemical compound FC1=C(C=CC(=C1)F)P(C1=C(C=C(C=C1)F)F)C1=C(C=C(C=C1)F)F OPYUOUCILLEBBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEPJPYNDFSOARB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(4-fluorophenyl)phosphane Chemical compound C1=CC(F)=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC(F)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 GEPJPYNDFSOARB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMZOBROUFBEGAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(trimethylsilyl) phosphite Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)OP(O[Si](C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C VMZOBROUFBEGAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005609 vinylidenefluoride/hexafluoropropylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
正極;負極;及び前記正極と負極との間に介在される電解質;を含み、
前記正極は、下記化学式1で表される正極活物質を含み、
前記電解質は、リチウム塩;非水系溶媒;及び下記化学式2で表されるジアリル(diallyl)化合物を含むリチウム電池が提供される:
<化学式1>
LixNiyM1-yO2-zAz
前記化学式1において、
0.9≦x≦1.2、0.7≦y≦0.98、0≦z<0.2であり、
Mは、Al、Mg、Mn、Co、Fe、Cr、V、Ti、Cu、B、Ca、Zn、Zr、Nb、Mo、Sr、Sb、W及びBiからなる群から選択される1つ以上の元素であり;
Aは、酸化数-1、-2または、-3である元素であり;
L1及びL2は、互いに独立して、単一結合、置換もしくは非置換のC1-C20アルキレン基及び置換もしくは非置換のC2-C20アルケニレン基のうちから選択され、
A1は、-NH-または、-Si(R1)(R2)-のうちから選択され、
R1及びR2は、それぞれ独立して、水素、置換もしくは非置換の線形または分枝状のC1-C30アルキル基、置換もしくは非置換のC2-C20アルケニル基、置換もしくは非置換のC2-C20ビニル基、置換もしくは非置換のC2-C20アリル基及び置換もしくは非置換のC6-C60アリール基のうちから選択される。
<化学式1>
LixNiyM1-yO2-zAz
前記化学式1において、
0.9≦x≦1.2、0.7≦y≦0.98、0≦z<0.2であり、
Mは、Al、Mg、Mn、Co、Fe、Cr、V、Ti、Cu、B、Ca、Zn、Zr、Nb、Mo、Sr、Sb、W及びBiからなる群から選択される1つ以上の元素であり;
Aは、酸化数-1、-2、または、-3である元素であり;
L1及びL2は、互いに独立して、単一結合、置換もしくは非置換のC1-C20アルキレン基及び置換もしくは非置換のC2-C20アルケニレン基のうちから選択され、
A1は、-NH-または、-Si(R1)(R2)-のうちから選択され、
R1及びR2は、それぞれ独立して、水素、置換もしくは非置換の線形または分枝状のC1-C30アルキル基、置換もしくは非置換のC2-C20アルケニル基、置換もしくは非置換のC2-C20ビニル基、置換もしくは非置換のC2-C20アリル基及び置換もしくは非置換のC6-C60アリール基のうちから選択される。
メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、イソプロピル基、ブチル基、sec-ブチル基、tert-ブチル基及びイソブチル基のうちから選択された少なくとも1つで置換された、フェニル基、ナフチル基、アントラセニル基、ビフェニル基及びターフェニル基;のうちから選択される。
n1及びn2は、それぞれ0ないし5の整数であり、
R11及びR12は、互いに独立して、水素、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、イソプロピル基、ブチル基、sec-ブチル基、tert-ブチル基及びイソブチル基のうちから選択される。
前記ジアリル化合物の還元電位が前記環状カーボネート化合物、または前記環状酸無水物化合物の還元電位よりも高いものでもある。
<化学式3>
LixNiyCo1-y-zAlzO2
<化学式4>
LixNiyCo1-y-zMnzO2
前記化学式3及び化学式4において、0.9≦x≦1.2、0.88≦y≦0.98、0<z<0.1、0<1-y-z<0.2である。
下記表1に記載の構成の通り、リチウム電池を製造した。各構成は、具体的に下記のように製造した。
正極活物質としてLiNi0.88Co0.10Mn0.02O2、導電材としてカーボンブラック、バインダとしてPVdFを使用し、前記正極活物質、導電材、バインダを97.7:1:1.1の重量比でN-メチルピロリドン(NMP)に入れてミキシングした後、15μm厚さのアルミニウムホイルに一面当り33mg/cm2で分散させて両面コーティングし、乾燥後圧延して、電極密度が3.6g/ccになるように正極1を製造した。
正極活物質としてLiNi0.88Co0.08Mn0.04O2、導電材としてカーボンブラック、バインダとしてPVdFを使用し、前記正極活物質、導電材、バインダを97.7:1:1.1の重量比でN-メチルピロリドン(NMP)に入れてミキシングした後、12μm厚さのアルミニウムホイルに一面当り33.58mg/cm2で分散させて両面コーティングし、乾燥後圧延して、電極密度が3.6g/ccになるように正極2を製造した。
負極活物質として、SSC-G(SSC(約100nmサイズのSiを含む2次粒子を作った後、CVD及びピッチでカーボンコーティングして、1300mAh/gの容量を発揮するように設計した活物質):グラファイト=14.7:85:3)とバインダ(AGバインダ)を96:4の重量比でNMPに入れてミキシングした後、8μm厚さの銅ホイルに一面当り15.5mg/cm2で分散させて両面コーティングし、乾燥後圧延して、電極密度が1.65g/ccになるように負極1を製造した。
SCN2(約100nmサイズのSiを含む2次粒子を作った後、カーボンコーティングして、1300mAh/gの容量を発揮するように設計した活物質)、グラファイト、CMC、SBRを13:85:1.5:0.5の重量比でNMPに入れてミキシングした後、15μm厚さの銅ホイルに一面当り17.25mg/cm2で分散させて両面コーティングし、乾燥後圧延して、電極密度が1.65g/ccになるように負極を製造した。
溶媒1としては、1.15M LiPF6、FEC/EC/EMC/DMC(体積比:3/10/47/40)、溶媒2としては、1.15M LiPF6、FEC/EC/EMC/DMC(体積比:5/20/35/40)を利用し、添加剤として下記表1に記載の添加剤を添加して、電解質を製造した。
DADPS: Diallyldiphenylsilane
DAA: Diallylamine
TAA: Triallylamine
TEA: Triethylamine
BR2: Fluorodimethyl(phenyl)silane
BR8: Fluoro(methyl)diphenylsilane
FTPhSi: fluorotriphenylsilane
HQC: 3-Hydroxy-2-quinoxalinecarboxylic acid
前記正極と負極との間にポリプロピレンで製造された16μ厚さの分離膜を介在し、前記電解質を注入してリチウム電池を製造した。
実施例1ないし5及び比較例1ないし9でそれぞれ製造されたリチウム電池を、25℃で0.2C rateの電流で電圧が3.6V(vs.Li)に至るまで定電流充電し、次いで放電時に電圧が2.8V(vs.Li)に至るまで、0.2 rateの定電流で放電した(化成段階、1stサイクル)。次いで、0.2C rateの電流で電圧が4.25V(vs.Li)に至るまで定電流充電した。次いで、放電時に電圧が2.8V(vs.Li)に至るまで0.2 rateの定電流で放電した(化成段階2ndサイクル)。3番目に、0.5C rateの電流で電圧が4.25V(vs.Li)に至るまで定電流充電し、次いで、定電圧モードで4.25Vを保持しつつ0.05C rateの電流でカットオフ(cut-off)した。次いで、放電時に電圧が2.8V(vs.Li)に至るまで0.2 rateの定電流で放電した。四番目に、化成工程は、三番目工程の反復である(0.5C充電/0.2C放電)。最後に、0.2C rateで4.25Vまで定電流充電し、定電圧モードで4.25V保持しつつ0.05C rateの電流でカットオフする。
実施例1、2、比較例1及び2でそれぞれ製造されたリチウム電池の初期充電時の充電グラフから得られた微分容量曲線を図2に示す。微分容量曲線とは、充放電容量を電圧で微分して得られる微分容量(dQ/dV)と、電圧(V)の関係を示すグラフである。すなわち、微分容量曲線は、単位電圧当たりのセル容量の変化量を示す。
112 負極
113 セパレータ
114 正極セパレータ
120 電池ケース
140 キャップアセンブリー
Claims (20)
- 正極;負極;及び前記正極と負極との間に介在される電解質;を含み、
前記正極は、下記化学式1で表される正極活物質を含み、
前記電解質は、リチウム塩;非水系溶媒;及び下記化学式2で表されるジアリル(diallyl)化合物を含むリチウム電池:
<化学式1>
LixNiyM1-yO2-zAz
前記化学式1において、
0.9≦x≦1.2、0.7≦y≦0.98、0≦z<0.2であり、
Mは、Al、Mg、Mn、Co、Fe、Cr、V、Ti、Cu、B、Ca、Zn、Zr、Nb、Mo、Sr、Sb、W及びBiからなる群から選択される1つ以上の元素であり;
Aは、酸化数-1、-2、または、-3である元素であり;
L1及びL2は、互いに独立して、単一結合、置換もしくは非置換のC1-C20アルキレン基及び置換もしくは非置換のC2-C20アルケニレン基のうちから選択され、
A1は、-NH-または、-Si(R1)(R2)-のうちから選択され、
R1及びR2は、それぞれ独立して、置換もしくは非置換のC6-C60アリール基から選択される。 - 前記ジアリル化合物の含量は、前記電解質100重量部当たり0.05重量部ないし5重量部である、請求項1に記載のリチウム電池。
- 前記ジアリル化合物は、下記化学式3または化学式4で表される化合物である、請求項1に記載のリチウム電池:
n1及びn2は、それぞれ0ないし5の整数であり、
R11及びR12は、互いに独立して、水素、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、イソプロピル基、ブチル基、sec-ブチル基、tert-ブチル基及びイソブチル基のうちから選択される。 - 前記ジアリル化合物は、下記化学式5または6で表される化合物である、請求項1に記載のリチウム電池:
- 前記リチウム塩がLiPF6、LiBF4、LiCF3SO3、Li(CF3SO2)2N、LiC2F5SO3、Li(FSO2)2N、LiC4F9SO3、LiN(SO2CF2CF3)2、及び化学式22ないし25で表される化合物のうちから選択された1つ以上を含む、請求項1に記載のリチウム電池:
- 前記電解質のうち、前記リチウム塩の濃度は、1.0Mないし1.5Mである、請求項1に記載のリチウム電池。
- 前記非水系溶媒は、ジメチルカーボネート(DMC)、ジエチルカーボネート(DEC)、エチルメチルカーボネート(EMC)、ジプロピルカーボネート(DPC)、メチルプロピルカーボネート(MPC)、エチルプロピルカーボネート(EPC)、メチルエチルカーボネート(MEC)、エチレンカーボネート(EC)、プロピレンカーボネート(PC)、ブチレンカーボネート(BC)、メチルプロピオネート(Methyl Propionate:MP)、エチルプロピオネート(Ethyl Propionate)、プロピルプロピオネート(Propyl Propionate:PP)テトラエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル(TEGDME)及びこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載のリチウム電池。
- 前記電解質は、環状カーボネート(cyclicCarbonate)化合物、環状酸無水物(cyclic acid anhydride)化合物、リン(P)含有化合物、硫黄(S)含有化合物またはこれらの混合物をさらに含む、請求項1に記載のリチウム電池。
- 前記電解質は、環状カーボネート化合物、環状酸無水物化合物、またはこれらの混合物を含み、
前記ジアリル化合物の還元電位が前記環状カーボネート化合物、または前記環状酸無水物化合物の還元電位よりも高い、請求項8に記載のリチウム電池。 - 前記電解質100重量部当たり、前記環状カーボネート化合物、環状酸無水物化合物、またはこれらの混合物の含量は、0.1重量部ないし30重量部である、請求項9に記載のリチウム電池。
- 前記環状カーボネート化合物は、フッ化エチレンカーボネート(fluoro-ethyleneCarbonate:FEC)、ビニレンカーボネート(vinyleneCarbonate:VC)及びビニルエチレンカーボネート(vinyl ethyleneCarbonate:VEC)のうちから選択された1つ以上であり、
前記環状酸無水物化合物は、無水マレイン酸(maleic anhydride)及び無水コハク酸(succinic anhydride)のうちから選択された1つ以上である、請求項8に記載のリチウム電池。 - 前記リン含有化合物は、ホスフィン化合物、ホスフェート化合物及びホスファイト化合物のうちから選択された1つ以上であり、
前記硫黄含有化合物は、スルホン化合物、スルホネート化合物、スルトン(sultone)化合物及びジスルホネート化合物のうちから選択された1つ以上である、請求項8に記載のリチウム電池。 - 前記化学式1において、yが0.8≦y≦0.98を満たす、請求項1に記載のリチウム電池。
- 前記化学式1において、Mは、Co、Ni及びMnのうち、1つ以上の元素である、請求項1に記載のリチウム電池。
- 前記正極活物質は、下記化学式3または化学式4で表される、請求項1に記載のリチウム電池:
<化学式3>
LixNiyCo1-y-zAlzO2
<化学式4>
LixNiyCo1-y-zMnzO2
前記化学式3及び化学式4において、0.9≦x≦1.2、0.88≦y≦0.98、0<z<0.1、0<1-y-z<0.2である。 - 前記正極は、 Li1.02Ni0.88Co0.08Mn0.04O2, Li1.02Ni0.88Co0.10Mn0.02O2, Li1.02Ni0.91Co0.06Mn0.03O2, LiNi0.94Co0.04Mn0.02O2, Li1.02Ni0.88Co0.08Al0.04O2, Li1.02Ni0.88Co0.10Al0.02O2, Li1.02Ni0.91Co0.06Al0.03O2、LiNi0.88Co0.10Mn0.02O2、LiNi0.88Co0.08Mn0.04O2、及びLiNi0.94Co0.04Al0.02O2のうちから選択された1つ以上を含む、請求項1に記載のリチウム電池。
- 前記負極は、負極活物質を含み、
前記負極活物質が、シリコン系化合物、炭素系化合物、シリコン系化合物と炭素系化合物の複合体、及びシリコン酸化物(SiOx1、0<x1<2)のうちから選択された1つ以上を含む、請求項1に記載のリチウム電池。 - 前記負極活物質がシリコン系化合物またはシリコン酸化物を含み、
前記シリコン系化合物は、シリコン粒子を含み、前記シリコン粒子の平均径は、200nm以下である、請求項17に記載のリチウム電池。 - 25℃で200サイクル充放電後の容量維持率は、75%以上である、請求項1に記載のリチウム電池。
- セルエネルギー密度は、500Wh/L以上である、請求項1に記載のリチウム電池。
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CN111106342A (zh) | 2020-05-05 |
JP2020068212A (ja) | 2020-04-30 |
US11527773B2 (en) | 2022-12-13 |
US20200136174A1 (en) | 2020-04-30 |
EP3644418B1 (en) | 2022-08-10 |
KR20200047199A (ko) | 2020-05-07 |
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KR102690813B1 (ko) | 2024-08-02 |
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