JP7457434B2 - 核酸増幅のための方法 - Google Patents
核酸増幅のための方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7457434B2 JP7457434B2 JP2020541387A JP2020541387A JP7457434B2 JP 7457434 B2 JP7457434 B2 JP 7457434B2 JP 2020541387 A JP2020541387 A JP 2020541387A JP 2020541387 A JP2020541387 A JP 2020541387A JP 7457434 B2 JP7457434 B2 JP 7457434B2
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- nucleic acid
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Description
本出願は、2018年1月29日に出願された米国仮特許出願第62/623,471号の利益を主張するものであり、参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる。
本明細書で言及される全ての刊行物、特許、および特許出願は、あたかも個々の刊行物、特許、または特許出願が引用によって組み込まれるよう具体的且つ個別に示されるかのように、同じ程度まで引用により本明細書に組み込まれる。
図3Aおよび図3Bで示されるように、ジデオキシヌクレオチド(「可逆的」)のみを用いた増幅のマッピング率とマッピング品質のスコアはそれぞれ、15.0+/-2.2および0.8+/-0.08であり、エキソヌクレアーゼ耐性のα-チオジデオキシヌクレオチドターミネーター(「不可逆的」)の取り込みはそれぞれ、97.9+/-0.62および46.3+/-3.18のマッピング率と品質のスコアを結果としてもたらした。可逆的ddNTP、およびターミネーターの様々な濃度を使用して、実験をさらに実行した(図2A、下)。
一旦シーケンシングデータが獲得されると、各細胞のクロノタイプが確立される。これを達成するために、変異体をコールしてクロノタイプを決定する。PTAを利用することによって、現在使用されるWGA法の間に導入される対立遺伝子欠落(allelic dropout)およびカバレッジのバイアスが制限される。MDAを受けた単一細胞から変異体をコールするためのツールの体系的比較を実施し、最近開発されたツールMonovarは、最も高い感度および特異性を有することが分かった(Zafar et al., Nature Methods, 2016, 13:505-507)。一旦変異コールが行われると、対立遺伝子欠落により一部の変異コールが欠落しているにかかわらず、2つの細胞は同じクロノタイプを有しているかどうかが決定される。これを達成するために、多変量のBernoulli分布の混合モデルを使用してもよい(Gawad et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2014, 111(50):17947-52)。細胞が同じクロノタイプを有することが立証された後に、カタログに含める変異体を決定する。以下の基準のいずれかを満たす遺伝子が含まれる:1)大規模な小児の癌ゲノムシーケンシングプロジェクトで識別された既知の癌抑制遺伝子に生じる、突然変異のホットスポットまたは機能喪失型変異体(フレームシフト、ナンセンス、スプライシング)のいずれかで検出された非同義変異体であること;2)再発性の癌サンプル中で繰り返し検出される変異体であること;および、3)ALL患者が6週間の処置を受けるため、残存病変の現在のバルクシーケンシング試験において正の選択を受ける再発性変異体であること。クローンは、これらの基準を満たす少なくとも2つの変異体を有しない場合、カタログに含まれない。処置抵抗あるいは疾患再発に関連したより多くの遺伝子が同定されると、クローンを「救出」し、カタログに含むことができる。クロノタイプが対照と薬剤処置の間の正または負の選択を受けたか否かを決定するために、フィッシャーの正確確率検定を使用して、対照とは有意に異なるクローンを同定する。突然変異の少なくとも2つの一致した組み合わせが特定の薬剤への暴露と同じ相関を有すると示される場合のみ、クローンをカタログに加える。癌遺伝子中の既知の活性化する突然変異あるいは同じ遺伝子中の腫瘍抑制因子中の機能喪失型突然変異は、クローン間で同等であると考えられる。クロノタイプが正確に一致していない場合、共通の突然変異をカタログに入れる。例えば、クロノタイプ1がA+B+Cであり、クロノタイプ2がB+C+Dである場合、B+Cクロノタイプをカタログに入れる。限られた数の同時に生じる突然変異を有する耐性細胞中で繰り返し変異する遺伝子が同定される場合、それらのクローンは崩壊して、機能的に同等なクロノタイプになる可能性がある。
Claims (4)
- 標的核酸分子を増幅する方法であって、前記方法は、
a.標的核酸分子、少なくとも1つの増幅プライマー、3’->5’エキソヌクレアーゼ活性を含む少なくとも1つの核酸ポリメラーゼ、およびヌクレオチドの混合物を含むサンプルを接触させる工程であって、ここで、ヌクレオチドの混合物は、ポリメラーゼによる核酸複製を停止する少なくとも1つのターミネーターヌクレオチドを含み、ここで、前記ターミネーターヌクレオチドは、α-チオジデオキシヌクレオチドである、工程と、
b.複数の停止増幅産物を生成するために標的核酸分子を増幅する工程であって、ここで、前記ターミネーターヌクレオチドが前記停止増幅産物の3’末端に結合しており、ここで、複製は鎖置換複製により進行する、工程と、
を含む、方法。 - 前記核酸ポリメラーゼは鎖置換DNAポリメラーゼである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記核酸ポリメラーゼは、バクテリオファージphi29(Φ29)ポリメラーゼ、遺伝子改変phi29(Φ29)DNAポリメラーゼ、ファージM2 DNAポリメラーゼ、ファージphiPRD1 DNAポリメラーゼ、Bsu DNAポリメラーゼ、VentR DNAポリメラーゼ、Deep Vent DNAポリメラーゼ、DNAポリメラーゼI、T5 DNAポリメラーゼ、T7 DNAポリメラーゼ、あるいはT4 DNAポリメラーゼである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記核酸ポリメラーゼは前記3’->5’エキソヌクレアーゼ活性を含み、および、少なくとも1つのターミネーターヌクレオチドは、前記3’->5’エキソヌクレアーゼ活性を阻害する、請求項1に記載の方法。
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