JP7432399B2 - 三次元金属印刷組成物用の表面添加剤 - Google Patents
三次元金属印刷組成物用の表面添加剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7432399B2 JP7432399B2 JP2020040618A JP2020040618A JP7432399B2 JP 7432399 B2 JP7432399 B2 JP 7432399B2 JP 2020040618 A JP2020040618 A JP 2020040618A JP 2020040618 A JP2020040618 A JP 2020040618A JP 7432399 B2 JP7432399 B2 JP 7432399B2
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 140
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 101
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- JKNCOURZONDCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C JKNCOURZONDCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- CYUZOYPRAQASLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-prop-2-enoyloxypropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCOC(=O)C=C CYUZOYPRAQASLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- ZDQNWDNMNKSMHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-(2-prop-2-enoyloxypropoxy)propoxy]propan-2-yl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC(C)COC(C)COCC(C)OC(=O)C=C ZDQNWDNMNKSMHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
- B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/102—Metallic powder coated with organic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
- B22F1/065—Spherical particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/20—Refractory metals
- B22F2301/205—Titanium, zirconium or hafnium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/35—Iron
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2304/00—Physical aspects of the powder
- B22F2304/10—Micron size particles, i.e. above 1 micrometer up to 500 micrometer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
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- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/14—Methyl esters, e.g. methyl (meth)acrylate
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description
実施形態では、本明細書の3D粉末は、金属粉末又は金属含有粉末を含む。積層造形用の金属粉末は、水噴霧、ガス噴霧、又はプラズマ噴霧によって製造される。例えば、「Additive Manufacturing of Metals」,D.Herzog et al,Acta.Materialia,117(2106)371-392)を参照されたい。金属粉末を製造するためのプロセスが異なると、粒子形態、粒径、及び化学組成などの粉末特性が異なる。水噴霧は、典型的には鋼に使用されるが、チタンなどの反応性材料には好適ではない。水噴霧は低コストであるが、粒子は数マイクロメートル~最大約500マイクロメートルのサイズで変化し、不規則な形状をとる。不規則な形状は、充填密度を低下させる。水噴霧された金属粒子は、より高い酸素含有量を有し、粒子表面上に酸化物層が形成されることにより、粉末の流動が低下し、バルク組成及び機械的特性が変化する。水噴霧の欠点を克服するために、ガス噴霧を使用して、積層造形用の金属粉末を製造する。酸化の危険性は、アルゴン又は窒素などの不活性雰囲気を実施することによって低減される。ガス噴霧は、チタンなどの反応性金属に使用される。不活性雰囲気で冷却するため、金属と周囲ガスとの熱伝導により、球状の粉末粒子が形成される。
0.2<(w●D●P)/(0.363●d●p)<1.2
サンプル供給速度:3(0.6リットル/分)
温度:140℃
アスピレータ流速:4m3/分
0.2<(w●D●P)/(0.363●d●p)<1.2
流動の改善のために有機添加剤を有するチタン合金粒子。実施例10の有機ポリマー添加剤の乾燥粒子を0.10pphで、粒径44マイクロメートル及び粒子真密度4.43g/cm3のチタン-アルミニウム合金粒子Ti-6Al-4Vの50グラムに添加し(「Influence of Particle Size on Properties of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Prepared by High-Velocity Compaction」,Z-Q.Yan et.,Al Trans.Nonferrous Met.Soc.China,23(2013)361-365)、実験用SKM Millで13,500rpmで30秒間混合する。これは、上記の式に従って、基材のTi-6Al-4V粒子の100%の表面積被覆率を与える。ブレンド工程が完了した後、ブレンドされた材料を250マイクロメートルのステンレス鋼ふるいを通して篩分けし、流動及び安息角について評価する。本発明の有機ポリマー表面添加剤を有するTi-6Al-4V粒子の流動性能は、より低いハウスナー比及び/又はより低い安息角を含む、改善された粒子流動性能を示すと予想される。
流動の改善のために有機添加剤を有するステンレス鋼粒子。実施例10の有機ポリマー添加剤の乾燥粒子を0.485pphで、Pacific Metals Co.Ltd.,Tokyo,Japanから入手可能な粒径5マイクロメートル及び真粒子密度7.8971g/cm3のチタン-アルミニウム合金粒子316Lステンレス鋼粒子の50グラムに添加し(「Sintering Study of 316L Stainless Steel Metal Injection Molding Parts Using Taguchi Method:Final Density」,C.H.Ji et.al,Al.Materials Science and Engineering A311(2001),74-82を参照)、実験用SKM Millで13,500rpmで30秒間混合する。これは、基材の316Lステンレス鋼粒子の100%の表面積被覆率を与える。ブレンド工程後、ブレンドされた材料を150マイクロメートルのステンレス鋼ふるいを通して篩分けし、その後、流動及び安息角について評価する。本発明の有機ポリマー表面添加剤を有するステンレス鋼粒子の流動性能は、より低いハウスナー比及び/又はより低い安息角を含む、改善された粒子流動性能を示すと予想される。
Claims (18)
- 三次元金属印刷粉末と、
前記三次元金属印刷粉末の外部表面の少なくとも一部分の上に配置された有機ポリマー添加剤と、
任意に、前記三次元金属印刷粉末の外部表面の少なくとも一部分の上の無機添加剤と、
を含む組成物であって、
前記有機ポリマー添加剤が、コポリマーであって、該コポリマーが、以下のモノマー、
3~8の高い炭素対酸素比を有する第1のモノマーであって、シクロヘキシルメタクリレートである第1のモノマーと、
ジビニルベンゼンを含む第2のモノマーであって、前記コポリマーの質量に基づいて、8質量%より多くかつ40質量%までの量で該コポリマー中に存在する第2のモノマーと、
アミンを含む第3のモノマーであって、前記コポリマーの質量に基づいて、0.1質量%~1.5質量%の量で存在し、かつジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレートである第3のモノマーと、
を含むことを特徴とする組成物。 - 前記有機ポリマー添加剤が、窒素含有基を有する塩基性モノマーを含み、
前記窒素含有基を有する塩基性モノマーが、前記有機ポリマー添加剤中に、前記有機ポリマー添加剤の総質量に基づいて、1.5質量%未満の量で存在する、請求項1に記載の組成物。 - 前記有機ポリマー添加剤が、アクリル酸、β-カルボキシエチルアクリレート、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される酸性基を有する酸性モノマーを含み、そして
前記酸性モノマーが、前記有機ポリマー添加剤中に、前記有機ポリマー添加剤の総質量に基づいて、4質量%未満の量で存在する、請求項1に記載の組成物。 - 前記有機ポリマー添加剤が、アクリレートモノマー、メタクリレートモノマー、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択されるモノマーを含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記有機ポリマー添加剤が、30ナノメートル~140ナノメートルの体積平均粒径を有するラテックス粒子を含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記有機ポリマー添加剤が、前記三次元金属印刷粉末の質量に基づいて、100質量部当たり、0.01~5質量部の総表面添加量を有する、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記有機ポリマー添加剤が、少なくとも1種のモノマーと界面活性剤とのエマルション重合によって調製されたラテックス粒子を含み、
前記界面活性剤が、アニオン性界面活性剤、カチオン性界面活性剤、非イオン性界面活性剤、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択されるメンバーを含み、そして
前記界面活性剤が、45mN/m未満の最小表面張力を有する、請求項1に記載の組成物。 - 前記有機ポリマー添加剤が、少なくとも1種のモノマーと界面活性剤とのエマルション重合によって調製されたラテックス粒子を含み、
前記界面活性剤が、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウム、ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択されるメンバーを含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。 - 前記三次元金属印刷粉末が、チタン、アルミニウム、銀、コバルト、クロム、銅、鉄、ニッケル、金、パラジウム、ステンレス鋼、白金、パラジウム、タンタル、レニウム、ニオビウム、これらの合金、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される金属を含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記三次元金属印刷粉末が、金属粉末と非金属粉末との混合物を含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記三次元金属印刷粉末が、ハイブリッド粒子を含み、前記ハイブリッド粒子が、金属及び非金属から構成される、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 三次元金属印刷粉末を提供する工程と、
前記三次元金属印刷粉末の外部表面の少なくとも一部分の上で有機ポリマー添加剤を噴霧乾燥する工程と、
任意に、前記三次元金属印刷粉末の外部表面の少なくとも一部分の上に無機添加剤を更に提供する工程と、
を含む方法であって、
前記有機ポリマー添加剤が、コポリマーであって、該コポリマーが、以下のモノマー、
3~8の高い炭素対酸素比を有する第1のモノマーであって、シクロヘキシルメタクリレートである第1のモノマーと、
2つ以上のビニル基を含む第2のモノマーであって、ジビニルベンゼンであり、かつ前記コポリマーの質量に基づいて、8質量%より多くかつ40質量%までの量で該コポリマー中に存在する第2のモノマーと、
アミンを含む第3のモノマーであって、前記コポリマーの質量に基づいて、0.1質量%~1.5質量%の量で存在し、かつジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレートである第3のモノマーと、
を含み、前記有機ポリマー添加剤が、エマルション重合によって調製されることを特徴とする方法。 - 三次元金属印刷粉末の外部表面の少なくとも一部分の上に有機ポリマー添加剤を有する三次元金属印刷粉末を提供する工程と、
前記有機ポリマー添加剤と任意の無機添加剤とを有する前記三次元金属印刷粉末を、レーザーに露光させて、前記三次元金属印刷粉末を融合させる工程と、
を含む方法であって、
前記有機ポリマー添加剤が、コポリマーであって、該コポリマーが、以下のモノマー、
3~8の高い炭素対酸素比を有する第1のモノマーであって、シクロヘキシルメタクリレートである第1のモノマーと、
ジビニルベンゼンを含む第2のモノマーであって、前記コポリマーの質量に基づいて、8質量%より多くかつ40質量%までの量で、該コポリマー中に存在する第2のモノマーと、
アミンを含む第3のモノマーであって、前記コポリマーの質量に基づいて、0.1質量%~1.5質量%の量で存在し、かつジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレートである第3のモノマーと、
を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 選択的レーザー焼結、選択的レーザー溶融、直接金属レーザー焼結、又は電子ビーム溶融を含む、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 2種以上の有機ポリマー添加剤を含み、
第1の有機ポリマー添加剤が、第1の平均D50粒径を有し、
第2の有機ポリマー添加剤が、第2の平均D50粒径を有し、そして
前記第1及び第2の平均D50粒径が、少なくとも10ナノメートル異なる、請求項1に記載の組成物。 - 前記三次元金属印刷粉末が、チタン、アルミニウム、ステンレス鋼、これらの合金、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される金属を含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記三次元金属印刷粉末が、チタン、アルミニウム、ステンレス鋼、これらの合金、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される金属を含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記三次元金属印刷粉末が、チタン、アルミニウム、ステンレス鋼、これらの合金、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される金属を含む、請求項13に記載の方法。
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EP3715400A1 (en) | 2020-09-30 |
CA3076942A1 (en) | 2020-09-29 |
US20200306830A1 (en) | 2020-10-01 |
US11628494B2 (en) | 2023-04-18 |
CA3076942C (en) | 2023-03-07 |
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