JP7240511B2 - 接合体 - Google Patents
接合体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7240511B2 JP7240511B2 JP2021543688A JP2021543688A JP7240511B2 JP 7240511 B2 JP7240511 B2 JP 7240511B2 JP 2021543688 A JP2021543688 A JP 2021543688A JP 2021543688 A JP2021543688 A JP 2021543688A JP 7240511 B2 JP7240511 B2 JP 7240511B2
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- region
- particles
- joined body
- body according
- substrate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
- B23K1/0016—Brazing of electronic components
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/19—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering taking account of the properties of the materials to be soldered
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- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
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- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
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Description
図面は模式的または概念的なものであり、各部分の厚みと幅との関係、部分間の大きさの比率などは、必ずしも現実のものと同一とは限らない。同じ部分を表す場合であっても、図面により互いの寸法や比率が異なって表される場合もある。
本願明細書と各図において、既に説明したものと同様の要素には同一の符号を付して詳細な説明は適宜省略する。
図1に示すように、実施形態に係る接合体100は、基板1、金属部材2、及び接合層3を含む。接合層3は、基板1と金属部材2との間に設けられる。
図2に示すように、接合層3は、第1粒子11及び第1領域21を含む。第1粒子11は、炭素を含む。第1領域21は、低融点の金属を含む。第1領域21は、第1粒子11の周りに設けられる。例えば、後述する粉体10が、第1粒子11を含む。粉体10は、第1粒子11の周りに設けられた第2領域22を含む。粉体10の第2領域22は、第1領域21に接する。
図4及び図5は、図3に示す接合体の一部を拡大した模式的断面図である。
図3、図6、及び図7は、第1粒子11近傍の拡大図である。図4は、図3の部分P4の拡大図である。図5は、図3の部分P5の拡大図である。
まず、基板1を用意する。基板1の上面に、ろう材ペーストを塗布する。ろう材ペーストは、銀、銅、チタン、及び炭素を含む。ろう材ペーストの上に、金属部材2を配置する。ろう材ペーストの厚みは、5μm以上60μm以下、さらには10μm以上40μm以下であることが好ましい。塗布厚みが5μm未満のとき、ろう材が不足して接合強度が低下する可能性がある。塗布厚みが60μmを超えると、塗工難度が上昇し、ろう材ペーストを均一性良く塗ることが難しくなる。ろう材ペーストの塗りムラが生じると、基板1と金属部材2との間の接合強度が低下する可能性がある。基板1の上面及び下面にそれぞれ金属部材2を設ける場合は、基板1の上面及び下面にそれぞれろう材ペーストを塗布する。
図8は、加工後の金属部材2の一例を示す。例えば、基板1は、第1面S1を有する。金属部材2は、第1面S1に接合層3を介して接合される。
接合体100では、第1粒子11と第1領域21との間に、チタンを含む第2領域22が設けられる。第2領域22は、チタンに加えて、窒素、酸素、及び炭素などの、基板1から供給される元素を含む。このため、チタンの多くは、金属ではなく、酸化物や窒化物、酸窒化物、炭化物など、無機物の形で存在している。このような無機物の第2領域22を設けることで、第1粒子11と第2領域22との間の界面、及び第1領域21と第2領域22との間の界面が、それぞれ良好に形成される。すなわち、第1粒子11と第1領域21との間の濡れ性が改善される。この結果、接合層3の強度を向上させることができる。
図9(a)に示す接合体110は、基板1、複数の金属部材2、及び複数の接合層3を含む。複数の金属部材2は、第1金属部材2a、第2金属部材2b、及び第3金属部材2cを含む。複数の接合層3は、第1接合層3a、第2接合層3b、及び第3接合層3cを含む。
熱処理条件3~6では、基板1の温度を約600℃に保持したときの雰囲気、圧力、保持時間は、熱処理条件2と共通である。また、基板1の温度を700℃以上850℃以下に保持したときの雰囲気及び圧力は、熱処理条件2と共通である。熱処理条件7では、基板1の温度を850℃以上950℃以下に保持している。
(熱処理条件1)
1×10-3Pa以下の非酸化雰囲気中で、基板1の温度を700℃以上850℃以下に保持し、基板1を30分加熱する。非酸化雰囲気は、処理空間に存在する気体中の酸素濃度が25vol%以下であることを指す。
(熱処理条件2)
最初に、13.3Paの窒素雰囲気中で、基板1の温度を約500℃に保持し、基板1を30分加熱する。窒素雰囲気における窒素濃度は、90vol%である。次に、1×10-3Pa以下の非酸化雰囲気中で、基板1の温度を約600℃に保持し、基板1を120分加熱する。その後、1×10-3Pa以下の非酸化雰囲気中で、基板1の温度を700℃以上850℃以下に保持し、基板1を30分加熱する。
(熱処理条件3)
最初に、0.01Paの窒素雰囲気中で、基板1の温度を約500℃に保持し、基板1を30分加熱する。窒素雰囲気における窒素濃度は、99.9vol%である。次に、1×10-3Pa以下の非酸化雰囲気中で、約600℃で加熱後、基板1の温度を700℃以上850℃以下に保持し、基板1を30分加熱する。
(熱処理条件4)
最初に、0.5Paの窒素雰囲気中で、基板1の温度を約500℃に保持し、基板1を60分加熱する。窒素雰囲気における窒素濃度は、70vol%である。次に、1×10-3Pa以下の非酸化雰囲気中で、約600℃で加熱後、基板1の温度を700℃以上850℃以下に保持し、基板1を30分加熱する。
(熱処理条件5)
最初に、0.03Paの窒素雰囲気中で、基板1の温度を約500℃に保持し、基板1を120分加熱する。窒素雰囲気における窒素濃度は、80vol%である。次に、1×10-3Pa以下の非酸化雰囲気中で、約600℃で加熱後、基板1の温度を700℃以上850℃以下に保持し、基板1を120分加熱する。
(熱処理条件6)
最初に、5Paの窒素雰囲気中で、基板1の温度を約500℃に保持し、基板1を150分加熱する。窒素雰囲気における窒素濃度は、70vol%である。次に、1×10-3Pa以下の非酸化雰囲気中で、約600℃で加熱後、基板1の温度を700℃以上850℃以下に保持し、基板1を200分加熱する。
(熱処理条件7)
最初に、5Paの窒素雰囲気中で、基板1の温度を約500℃に保持し、基板1を150分加熱する。窒素雰囲気における窒素濃度は、90vol%である。次に、1×10-3Pa以下の非酸化雰囲気中で、約600℃で加熱後、基板1の温度を860℃以上950℃以下に保持し、基板1を100分加熱する。
表6に示す厚みは、第2領域22の厚みを示す。第2領域22の厚みは、以下の方法で測定される。それぞれの第1粒子11の周りに存在する第2領域22の厚みを、第1粒子11から第1領域21に向かう一方向において測定する。方向は、無作為に決定される。それぞれの第2領域22の厚みは、次のように測定する。AMC断面を加工し、TEMで観察する。測定個所として、無作為に第2領域22を3か所選ぶ。測定個所の厚みを測定し、それらの平均値を「第2領域22の厚み」とする。
被覆率は、以下の方法で測定される。それぞれの第1粒子11について、外周の長さに対する、第2領域22と接する外周の長さの割合を計算する。それぞれの第1粒子11の割合を平均化し、「被覆率」とする。
表7から、具体例に係る接合体において、第1粒子11の長さLe2に対する長さLe1の比は、1.2以上40以下の範囲内であることが確認された。
Claims (20)
- セラミックス基板と、
金属部材と、
前記セラミックス基板と前記金属部材との間に設けられた接合層であって、
炭素の層を含む第1粒子と、
銀、銅、スズ、及びインジウムからなる群より選択された少なくとも1つの金属を含む第1領域と、
チタンと、酸素、窒素、及び炭素からなる群より選択された少なくとも1つと、の結晶を含み、前記第1粒子と前記第1領域との間に設けられた第2領域と、
を含み、前記第1領域におけるチタンの質量濃度は前記第2領域におけるチタンの質量濃度の80%以下である、前記接合層と、
を備えた接合体。 - 前記第2領域におけるチタンの質量濃度は、前記第1粒子におけるチタンの質量濃度よりも高い請求項1記載の接合体。
- 前記第2領域におけるチタンの含有率は、50質量%以上である請求項1又は2に記載の接合体。
- 前記第2領域は、前記第1粒子の周りに設けられ、
前記第2領域は、第2粒子を含み、
前記第2粒子は、チタンと、酸素、窒素、及び炭素からなる群より選択された少なくとも1つと、の結晶を含み、
前記第2粒子の大きさは、前記第1粒子の大きさよりも小さい請求項1~3のいずれか1つに記載の接合体。 - 前記第2領域は、複数の前記第2粒子を含む請求項4記載の接合体。
- 前記複数の第2粒子のそれぞれは、チタン及び窒素を含む請求項5記載の接合体。
- 前記複数の第2粒子のそれぞれは、チタンと、窒素及び酸素からなる群より選択された少なくとも1つと、の結晶を含む請求項5記載の接合体。
- 前記第2領域の厚みは、2nm以上1μm以下である請求項1~7のいずれか1つに記載の接合体。
- 前記第1粒子及び前記第2領域を含む粉体が複数設けられ、
複数の前記粉体の少なくとも2つは、互いに離れている請求項1~8のいずれか1つに記載の接合体。 - 前記第1粒子は、炭素の第1結晶層を含む請求項1~9のいずれか1つに記載の接合体。
- 前記第1結晶層は、第1方向に沿って設けられ、
前記第1方向における前記第1粒子の長さは、前記第1方向と交差する第2方向における前記第1粒子の長さよりも長い請求項10記載の接合体。 - 前記第1方向における前記第1粒子の前記長さは、前記第2方向における前記第1粒子の前記長さの1.2倍以上40倍以下である請求項11記載の接合体。
- 前記第1領域は、銀を含む第1部分領域と、銅を含む第2部分領域と、を含む請求項1~12のいずれか1つに記載の接合体。
- 前記第2領域は、前記第1部分領域と接する請求項13記載の接合体。
- 前記第1粒子の中に、前記金属を含む第3領域が設けられた請求項1~14のいずれか1つに記載の接合体。
- 前記第1粒子は、炭素の第1層と、炭素の第2層と、を含み、
前記第1層と前記第2層との間に、前記金属を含む第3領域が設けられた請求項1~9のいずれか1つに記載の接合体。 - 前記第3領域は、前記セラミックス基板に含まれる元素と同じ種類の元素を少なくとも1つ含む請求項16記載の接合体。
- 前記接合層は、前記第1領域中に設けられた第3粒子をさらに含み、
前記第3粒子は、チタンと、珪素及びスズからなる群より選択された少なくとも1つと、を含む請求項1~16のいずれか1つに記載の接合体。 - 前記接合層は、第4領域をさらに含み、
前記第4領域は、チタン及び窒素を含み、
前記第4領域は、前記セラミックス基板と前記第1領域との間に位置する請求項1~18のいずれか1つに記載の接合体。 - 前記セラミックス基板は、珪素及び窒素を含み、
前記金属部材は、銅を含む請求項1~19のいずれか1つに記載の接合体。
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