JP7209303B2 - 非水電解質二次電池 - Google Patents
非水電解質二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7209303B2 JP7209303B2 JP2020509712A JP2020509712A JP7209303B2 JP 7209303 B2 JP7209303 B2 JP 7209303B2 JP 2020509712 A JP2020509712 A JP 2020509712A JP 2020509712 A JP2020509712 A JP 2020509712A JP 7209303 B2 JP7209303 B2 JP 7209303B2
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- Prior art keywords
- composite oxide
- lithium composite
- particles
- oxide particles
- positive electrode
- Prior art date
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- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 44
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 170
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 123
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 34
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 18
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
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- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- MHDVGSVTJDSBDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1COCC1=CC=CC=C1 MHDVGSVTJDSBDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
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- FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC=C FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 2
- GAEKPEKOJKCEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-valerolactone Chemical compound CC1CCC(=O)O1 GAEKPEKOJKCEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
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- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Description
正極11は、例えば、正極集電体と、正極集電体上に形成された正極活物質層とで構成される。正極集電体には、アルミニウムなどの正極の電位範囲で安定な金属の箔、当該金属を表層に配置したフィルム等を用いることができる。
負極12は、例えば、負極集電体と、負極集電体上に形成された負極活物質層とを備える。負極集電体には、銅などの負極の電位範囲で安定な金属の箔、当該金属を表層に配置したフィルム等を用いることができる。負極活物質層は、例えば、負極活物質、結着材、増粘材等を含む。
非水電解質は、非水溶媒と、非水溶媒に溶解した電解質塩とを含む。非水電解質は、液体電解質(非水電解液)に限定されず、ゲル状ポリマー等を用いた固体電解質であってもよい。
セパレータ13には、例えば、イオン透過性及び絶縁性を有する多孔性シート等が用いられる。多孔性シートの具体例としては、微多孔薄膜、織布、不織布等が挙げられる。セパレータの材質としては、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン等のオレフィン系樹脂、セルロースなどが好適である。セパレータは、セルロース繊維層及びオレフィン系樹脂等の熱可塑性樹脂繊維層を有する積層体であってもよい。また、ポリエチレン層及びポリプロピレン層を含む多層セパレータであってもよく、セパレータの表面にアラミド系樹脂、セラミック等の材料が塗布されたものを用いてもよい。
[リチウム複合酸化物粒子Aの作製]
Ni0.55Co0.20Mn0.25O2と、LiOHとを、Liと、Ni,Co,Mnの総量とのモル比が1.1:1.0になるように混合した後、この混合物に対してZrが0.3モル%になるようにZrO2を添加・混合して、酸素雰囲気中にて930℃で10時間焼成し、リチウム複合酸化物粒子Aを得た。
Ni0.55Co0.20Al0.25O2と、LiOHとを、Liと、Ni,Co,Mnの総量とのモル比が1.15:1.0になるように混合した後、酸素雰囲気中にて1000℃で10時間焼成し、リチウム複合酸化物粒子Bを得た。
リチウム複合酸化物粒子Aとリチウム複合酸化物粒子Bとを、質量比で50:50となるように混合し、これを正極活物質とした。当該正極活物質と、導電材としてのアセチレンブラックと、結着材としてのポリフッ化ビニリデンとを、質量比で100:1:1となるように混合した後、N-メチル-2-ピロリドンを加えて、正極合材スラリーを調製した。次いで、この正極合材スラリーを、アルミニウム箔からなる正極集電体の両面に塗布し、これを乾燥させた後、圧延ローラを用いて圧延することにより、正極集電体の両面に正極活物質層が形成された正極を作製した。
モノフルオロエチレンカーボネート(FEC)と、ジメチルカーボネート(DMC)と、エチルメチルカーボネート(EMC)とを、15:45:40の体積比で混合した混合溶媒に、LiPF6を1.3モル/Lの濃度となるように溶解させることにより非水電解質を調製した。
正極に正極タブを取り付け、負極に負極タブを取り付けた後、正極と負極との間にセパレータを配置して、これらを渦巻き状に巻回して、渦巻状の電極体を作製した。当該電極体を上記非水電解質と共に、アルミニウム箔を樹脂でラミネートした外装体に封入することにより、非水電解質二次電池を作製した。
正極活物質として、実施例1のリチウム複合酸化物粒子Aとリチウム複合酸化物粒子Bとを、質量比で60:40となるように混合した混合物を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様に非水電解質二次電池を作製した。
正極活物質として、実施例1のリチウム複合酸化物粒子Aとリチウム複合酸化物粒子Bとを、質量比で70:30となるように混合した混合物を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様に非水電解質二次電池を作製した。
Ni0.55Co0.20Mn0.25O2と、LiOHとを、Liと、Ni,Co,Mnの総量とのモル比が1.1:1.0になるように混合した後、この混合物に対してZrが0.5モル%、Bが1.0モル%になるようにZrO2及びB2O3を添加・混合して、酸素雰囲気中にて930℃で10時間焼成することにより、リチウム複合酸化物粒子Aを得た。
正極活物質として、実施例4のリチウム複合酸化物粒子Aと実施例1のリチウム複合酸化物粒子Bとを、質量比で、70:30となるように混合した混合物を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様に非水電解質二次電池を作製した。
Ni0.55Co0.20Mn0.25O2と、LiOHとを、Liと、Ni,Co,Mnの総量とのモル比が1.1:1.0になるように混合した後、酸素雰囲気中にて1000℃で10時間焼成し、リチウム複合酸化物粒子Aを得た。
正極活物質として、実施例1のリチウム複合酸化物粒子Aのみを用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様に非水電解質二次電池を作製した。
正極活物質として、実施例4のリチウム複合酸化物粒子Aのみを用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様に非水電解質二次電池を作製した。
正極活物質として、比較例1のリチウム複合酸化物粒子Aと実施例1のリチウム複合酸化物粒子Bとを、質量比で、70:30となるように混合した混合物を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様に非水電解質二次電池を作製した。
正極活物質として、比較例1のリチウム複合酸化物粒子Aと実施例1のリチウム複合酸化物粒子Bとを、質量比で、50:50となるように混合した混合物を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様に非水電解質二次電池を作製した。
環境温度25℃の下、各実施例及び比較例の電池を0.1Itの定電流で電圧が4.3Vになるまで定電流充電した後、0.1Itの定電流で電圧が2.5Vになるまで定電流放電した。さらに、環境温度25℃の下、各実施例及び比較例の電池を0.1Itの定電流で電圧が4.3Vになるまで定電流充電した後、60℃に設定した恒温槽に投入し、14日間保管した。その後、高温槽から各電池を取り出し、各電池内部で発生したガス量をガスクロマトグラフィー法により測定した。その結果を表1に示す。
11 正極
12 負極
13 セパレータ
14 電極体
15 電池ケース
16 ケース本体
17 封口体
18,19 絶縁板
20 正極リード
21 負極リード
22 張り出し部
23 フィルタ
24 下弁体
25 絶縁部材
26 上弁体
27 キャップ
28 ガスケット
Claims (5)
- 正極、負極、非水電解質を含み、
前記正極は、Ni及びMnを含む、リチウム複合酸化物粒子A及びBを含み、
前記リチウム複合酸化物粒子Aは、一次粒子a1が凝集した二次粒子a2から構成され、ジルコニウム及びホウ素のうち少なくともいずれか一方を含み、
前記リチウム複合酸化物粒子Bは、前記一次粒子a1より大きな粒径を有する一次粒子b1、及び前記一次粒子b1が凝集し、前記二次粒子a2より小さな粒径を有する二次粒子b2のうち少なくともいずれか一方から構成され、
前記リチウム複合酸化物粒子AとBの含有割合は、質量比で、8:2~4:6の範囲である、非水電解質二次電池。 - 前記リチウム複合酸化物粒子Aより前記リチウム複合酸化物粒子Bの方が、Niの含有率が高い、請求項1に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
- 電池電圧4.3Vまで充電した状態で、60℃の環境下で14日間保存した際に、前記負極上に堆積するMn量は、前記負極1g当たり20μg~60μgの範囲である、請求項1又は2に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
- 前記リチウム複合酸化物粒子Aの前記一次粒子a1の平均粒径は、0.3μm~0.9μmの範囲であり、前記リチウム複合酸化物粒子Bの前記一次粒子b1の平均粒径は、3.0μm~5.0μmの範囲である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
- 前記リチウム複合酸化物粒子Aの前記二次粒子a2の平均粒径は、8.0μm~17.5μmの範囲であり、前記リチウム複合酸化物粒子Bの前記二次粒子b2の平均粒径は、3.0μm~6.0μmの範囲である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
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WO2017098714A1 (ja) | 2015-12-09 | 2017-06-15 | ソニー株式会社 | 正極活物質、正極、電池、電池パック、電子機器、電動車両、蓄電装置および電力システム |
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