JP7124652B2 - TiAl合金製翼車の製造方法 - Google Patents
TiAl合金製翼車の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 82
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims description 82
- 229910010038 TiAl Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 81
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 34
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003682 fluorination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 7
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 3
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000013058 crude material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D21/00—Casting non-ferrous metals or metallic compounds so far as their metallurgical properties are of importance for the casting procedure; Selection of compositions therefor
- B22D21/002—Castings of light metals
- B22D21/005—Castings of light metals with high melting point, e.g. Be 1280 degrees C, Ti 1725 degrees C
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/22—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip
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- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/04—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of turbine blades
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- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
- B22F7/08—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools with one or more parts not made from powder
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- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/006—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass turbine wheels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/02—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass turbine or like blades from one piece
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
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- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B22F10/62—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by chemical means
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- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
- B22F10/66—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by mechanical means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/001—Turbines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/006—Vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/14—Titanium or alloys thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/0006—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring taking account of the properties of the material involved
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
- B23K26/342—Build-up welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
- B33Y40/20—Post-treatment, e.g. curing, coating or polishing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2230/00—Manufacture
- F05D2230/10—Manufacture by removing material
- F05D2230/11—Manufacture by removing material by electrochemical methods
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2230/00—Manufacture
- F05D2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
- F05D2230/21—Manufacture essentially without removing material by casting
- F05D2230/211—Manufacture essentially without removing material by casting by precision casting, e.g. microfusing or investment casting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2230/00—Manufacture
- F05D2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
- F05D2230/23—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together
- F05D2230/232—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together by welding
- F05D2230/234—Laser welding
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2230/00—Manufacture
- F05D2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
- F05D2230/25—Manufacture essentially without removing material by forging
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
- F05D2300/10—Metals, alloys or intermetallic compounds
- F05D2300/17—Alloys
- F05D2300/174—Titanium alloys, e.g. TiAl
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49316—Impeller making
- Y10T29/4932—Turbomachine making
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Description
図5は、追加工が施される部位の変形例を示す図である。図5に示されるように、追加工工程では、粗材1の各ブレード20のうち、基準直線Bよりも、軸部10の径方向における外側の部位の表面に追加工が施されてもよい。
図6は、追加工が施される部位の変形例を示す図である。図6に示されるように、追加工工程では、粗材1の各ブレード20の凸面26の全域に追加工が施されてもよい。このことは、粗材1の各ブレード20の凹面24、あるいは、凹面24および凸面26の双方に追加工が施される場合についても同様である。
粗材準備工程で準備された粗材1のブレード20の外側縁部などに欠けが生じていた場合、追加工工程の前に、その欠けている部分に肉盛りする肉盛り工程が設けられてもよい。
本実施形態のTiAl合金製翼車2の製造方法は、追加工工程後、追加工後のTiAl合金製翼車2の表面にフッ化処理を行う表面処理工程をさらに備えていてもよい。この工程では、追加工後のTiAl合金製翼車2をフッ素系ガス(NF3、BF3、CF4、HF、SF6、F2の単独もしくは混合物からなるフッ素源成分をN2等の不活性ガス中に含有させたもの)雰囲気中で所定時間所定温度(100℃~500℃程度)で加熱することにより、TiAl合金製翼車2の表面(少なくとも各ブレード20の表面)に0.1μm以上10μm以下の厚さを有するフッ化膜を形成する。なお、フッ素径ガス雰囲気におけるフッ素の最高濃度は、2%以上35%以下に設定される。
Claims (13)
- 車両用ターボチャージャに用いられるTiAl合金製翼車の製造方法であって、
前記TiAl合金製翼車の粗材であって、回転軸周りに回転する軸部と、前記軸部に接続された複数枚のブレードと、を有し、前記複数枚のブレードの各ブレードのうち前記軸部の径方向における外側端面の厚さが前記TiAl合金製翼車の各ブレードの外側端面の厚さよりも大きくなるように設定された、前記粗材を準備する粗材準備工程と、
前記粗材の各前記ブレードに追加工を施す追加工工程と、を含み、
前記追加工工程では、各前記ブレードのうち前記軸部の径方向における外側端面が薄くなるように、各前記ブレードのうち少なくとも前記外側端面と各前記ブレードの表面との境界部である外側縁部を含む部位の一方の表面に、あるいは、双方の表面に、追加工を施し、
各前記ブレードは、前記軸部の軸方向における一方側に位置する一方側縁部を有し、
前記外側縁部を含む部位は、前記ブレードのうち、前記外側縁部から、前記一方側縁部の長さの1/3の長さだけ前記軸部側に位置する部位までの部位である、TiAl合金製翼車の製造方法。 - 車両用ターボチャージャに用いられるTiAl合金製翼車の製造方法であって、
前記TiAl合金製翼車の粗材であって、回転軸周りに回転する軸部と、前記軸部に接続された複数枚のブレードと、を有し、前記複数枚のブレードの各ブレードのうち前記軸部の径方向における外側端面の厚さが前記TiAl合金製翼車の各ブレードの外側端面の厚さよりも大きくなるように設定された、前記粗材を準備する粗材準備工程と、
前記粗材の各前記ブレードに追加工を施す追加工工程と、を含み、
前記追加工工程では、各前記ブレードのうち前記軸部の径方向における外側端面が薄くなるように、各前記ブレードのうち少なくとも前記外側端面と各前記ブレードの表面との境界部である外側縁部を含む部位の一方の表面に、あるいは、双方の表面に、追加工を施し、
各前記ブレードは、前記軸部の軸方向における一方側に位置する一方側縁部を有し、
前記外側縁部を含む部位は、前記ブレードのうち、前記回転軸と平行な直線であって、前記一方側縁部のうち、前記軸部の径方向における前記ブレードの外側の端部から、前記一方側縁部の長さの半分の長さだけ前記軸部側に位置する部位を通る直線よりも、前記軸部の径方向における外側の部位である、TiAl合金製翼車の製造方法。 - 前記粗材準備工程では、精密鋳造により形成された前記粗材を準備する、請求項1又は2に記載のTiAl合金製翼車の製造方法。
- 前記追加工工程では、各前記ブレードの表面の少なくとも一部に鋳肌が残るように、前記ブレードに追加工を施す、請求項3に記載のTiAl合金製翼車の製造方法。
- 前記粗材準備工程では、鍛造により形成された前記粗材を準備する、請求項1又は2に記載のTiAl合金製翼車の製造方法。
- 前記粗材準備工程では、金属粉末射出成形により形成された前記粗材を準備する、請求項1又は2に記載のTiAl合金製翼車の製造方法。
- 前記粗材準備工程では、レーザ粉体肉盛法により形成された前記粗材を準備する、請求項1又は2に記載のTiAl合金製翼車の製造方法。
- 前記粗材の各前記ブレードの一方側の表面は、前記軸部の周方向に凸となるように窪む凹面であり、前記粗材の各前記ブレードの他方側の表面は、前記軸部の周方向に凸となるように膨出する凸面であり、
前記追加工工程では、各前記ブレードの前記外側縁部を含む部位の前記凹面にのみ追加工を施す、請求項1から7のいずれかに記載のTiAl合金製翼車の製造方法。 - 前記粗材の各前記ブレードの一方側の表面は、前記軸部の周方向に凸となるように窪む凹面であり、前記粗材の各前記ブレードの他方側の表面は、前記軸部の周方向に凸となるように膨出する凸面であり、
前記追加工工程では、各前記ブレードの前記外側縁部を含む部位の前記凸面にのみ追加工を施す、請求項1から7のいずれかに記載のTiAl合金製翼車の製造方法。 - 前記粗材の各前記ブレードの一方側の表面は、前記軸部の周方向に凸となるように窪む凹面であり、前記粗材の各前記ブレードの他方側の表面は、前記軸部の周方向に凸となるように膨出する凸面であり、
前記追加工工程では、各前記ブレードの前記外側縁部を含む部位の前記凹面および前記凸面の双方に、追加工を施す、請求項1から7のいずれかに記載のTiAl合金製翼車の製造方法。 - 前記追加工は、切削加工である、請求項1から10のいずれかに記載のTiAl合金製翼車の製造方法。
- 前記追加工は、電解加工である、請求項1から10のいずれかに記載のTiAl合金製翼車の製造方法。
- 前記追加工工程後、前記追加工後の前記TiAl合金製翼車の表面にフッ化処理を行う表面処理工程をさらに備える、請求項1から12のいずれかに記載のTiAl合金製翼車の製造方法。
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