JP7096889B2 - 高温特性及び常温加工性に優れた冷延鋼板及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
高温特性及び常温加工性に優れた冷延鋼板及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7096889B2 JP7096889B2 JP2020535194A JP2020535194A JP7096889B2 JP 7096889 B2 JP7096889 B2 JP 7096889B2 JP 2020535194 A JP2020535194 A JP 2020535194A JP 2020535194 A JP2020535194 A JP 2020535194A JP 7096889 B2 JP7096889 B2 JP 7096889B2
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 19
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
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- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003679 aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- GVEHJMMRQRRJPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(2+);methanidylidynechromium Chemical compound [Cr+2].[Cr]#[C-].[Cr]#[C-] GVEHJMMRQRRJPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
[関係式1]0.00025≦(2×Nb/93)×(W/184)/(C/12)≦0.0015
(但し、上記C、Nb、及びWは重量%である。)
[関係式1]0.00025≦(2×Nb/93)×(W/184)/(C/12)≦0.0015
(但し、上記C、Nb、及びWは重量%である。)
1)合金成分及び組成範囲を適切に制御することにより、優れた常温加工性及び高温特性を確保することができる。
2)ニオブ(Nb)及びタングステン(W)に対する炭素(C)の有効原子比を適切に制御することにより、0.005~0.10μmの微細な(Nb、W)C系複合析出物を形成させることにより、高温における強度及び変形挙動を制御するとともに、常温における耐時効性及び加工性を確保することができる。
3)鋼板の微細組織を制御することにより、優れた常温加工性は言うまでも鳴く、優れた高温強度及び高温特性を確保することができる。
4)冷延鋼板の熱処理条件を適切に制御することにより、鋼板の適切な微細組織を確保することができる。
5)必要に応じて、鋼板の表面にめっき層及び/又は合金化めっき層を形成することにより、優れた耐食性を確保することができる。特に、例えば、電池内容物のアルカリ成分に対して優れた耐食性を確保することができる。
先ず、本発明の合金組成について説明する。下記説明される合金組成の含有量は重量%を意味する。
炭素(C)は、鋼板の強度向上のために添加される元素である。本発明では、ニオブ及びタングステン炭化物系析出物の形成のためのNb、Wとの反応によって主に消費される。但し、Cの添加量が増加するほど強度は増加するのに対し、加工性が低下するという問題点があるため、その上限は0.003%に制御することが好ましい。また、Cが0.0005%未満になると、十分な(Nb、W)系複合炭化物の析出が円滑ではなく、高温における結晶粒成長を抑制することができないことから、目標とする高温強度を確保することができないだけでなく、結晶粒成長が原因となって成形時にオレンジピール(Orange peel)のような加工欠陥を誘発する可能性があるため、Cの含有量は0.0005~0.003%に制御することが好ましい。上記Cの含有量は0.0010~0.0028%の範囲内であることがより好ましい。
マンガン(Mn)は、代表的なオーステナイト安定化元素であるだけでなく、固溶強化元素として鋼の強度を高め、SをMnSとして析出させることにより、スラブの熱間亀裂を防止する元素である。かかる効果を得るためには、0.20%以上の添加が必要である。これに対し、Mnが多量に添加されると、延性が低下して中心偏析が発生するだけでなく、鋼板の耐食性、及びNiめっき時のめっき密着性の低下要因として作用するため、その上限は0.50%に制御することが好ましい。したがって、上記Mnの含有量は0.20~0.50%の範囲内であることが好ましい。上記Mnの含有量は0.21~0.45%の範囲内であることがより好ましい。
アルミニウム(Al)は、溶鋼の脱酸のために添加される元素であって、鋼中固溶窒素と結合して時効特性を改善させるためには、0.01%以上含有する必要がある。しかし、0.10%を超えると、Alの効果が飽和し、鋼中介在物の量が増加して表面欠陥を誘発し、成形性を低下させる要因になるため、Alの含有量は0.01~0.10%の範囲内であることが好ましい。上記Alの含有量は0.015~0.080%の範囲内であることがより好ましい。
リン(P)は、比較的低価であって、鋼の強度及び耐食性を向上させる元素である。かかる特性を確保するためには、0.003%以上含有させることが好ましい。但し、Pの含有量が0.020%を超えると、結晶粒界に偏析されて粒界脆化を誘発し、加工性も悪くするだけでなく、めっき作業時の密着性を悪くするため、Pの含有量は0.003~0.020%に制御することが好ましい。
窒素(N)は、鋼中に固溶状態で存在し、材質強化に有効な元素である。Nの含有量が0.0005%未満の場合には、十分な剛性を得ることができず、析出物の形成サイトが減少するようになる。これに対し、その含有量が0.004%を超えると、固溶元素過多による変形時効の原因となって材質硬化を起こして成形性を悪くする主な原因となるため、Nの含有量は0.0005~0.0040%に制御することが好ましい。上記Nの含有量は0.0010~0.0039%の範囲内であることがより好ましい。
硫黄(S)は、鋼中Feと結合して腐食開始点の役割を果たす非金属介在物を形成し、赤熱脆性(Red shortness)の要因となるため、できる限りその含有量を低減させることが好ましい。したがって、Sの含有量は0.015%以下に限定する。一方、かかる効果を効率的に確保するためには、Sの含有量を0.010%以下に管理することがより好ましい。
ニオブ(Nb)は、鋼板の加工性の確保及び高温結晶粒微細化の面から有効な元素である。本発明では、鋼中に固溶されたCと優先的に結合してNbC及び(Nb、W)C系炭化物を形成することにより、常温における耐時効性及び成形性を確保するとともに、かかる微細析出物によって高温における結晶粒成長を抑制する効果を提供する。かかる効果を得るためには、Nbを0.005%以上含有することが好ましい。但し、その含有量が0.040%を超えると、熱間加工性を低下させるだけでなく、再結晶温度が急激に上昇して極薄材の熱処理操業性を著しく低下させるという問題があるため、Nbの含有量は0.005~0.040%に制御することが好ましい。上記Nbの含有量は0.008~0.035%の範囲内であることがより好ましい。
クロム(Cr)は、鋼の耐食性を向上させるだけでなく、高温物性の確保に有益な元素である。バッテリーケース用素材としての適用性の向上のためには、0.10%以上の添加が必要である。これに対し、0.50%を超えると、再結晶を遅延させて鋼板通板性を悪くするだけでなく、高価なクロムの使用量の増加に伴う製造コストの上昇要因として作用するため、Crの添加量は0.10~0.50%に制御することが好ましい。上記Crの含有量は0.13~0.45%の範囲内であることがより好ましい。
タングステン(W)は、高温物性及び耐食性の向上を目的に添加される元素である。かかる効果を確保するためには、0.02%以上の添加が必要である。但し、Wの含有量が0.07%を超えると、圧延性を悪化させる要因として作用するだけでなく、高価なタングステンの使用量の増加に伴う製造コストの上昇要因として作用するため、Wの含有量は0.02~0.07%に制御することが好ましい。上記Wの含有量は0.023~0.065%の範囲内であることがより好ましい。
[関係式1]0.00025≦(2×Nb/93)×(W/184)/(C/12)≦0.0015
(但し、上記C、Nb、及びWは重量%である。)
下記表1の合金組成を有する鋼スラブを1230℃に加熱した後、上記鋼スラブを下記表2の条件で熱延、巻取り、均熱、冷却して、厚さ0.30mmの冷延鋼板を製造した。このように製造された冷延鋼板に対して、常温及び高温における特性を評価し、その結果を下記表3に示した。また、冷延鋼板をNiめっきした後、下記表2の合金化処理温度を適用して合金化処理を行うことにより、上記冷延鋼板の表面にFe-Ni合金化めっき層を形成した。
Claims (14)
- 重量%で、炭素(C):0.0005~0.003%、マンガン(Mn):0.20~0.50%、アルミニウム(Al):0.01~0.10%、リン(P):0.003~0.020%、窒素(N):0.0005~0.004%、硫黄(S):0.015%以下、ニオブ(Nb):0.005~0.040%、クロム(Cr):0.10~0.50%、タングステン(W):0.02~0.07%、残部Fe及びその他の不可避不純物からなり、
前記C、Nb、及びWは下記関係式1を満たし、
全体組織は、面積%で、95~99%のポリゴナルフェライト及び1~5%の針状フェライトを含み、
(Nb、W)C系析出物を含み、前記(Nb、W)C系析出物の平均サイズが0.005~0.10μmである、高温特性及び常温加工性に優れた冷延鋼板。
[関係式1]0.00025≦(2×Nb/93)×(W/184)/(C/12)≦0.0015
(但し、前記C、Nb、及びWは重量%である。) - 前記冷延鋼板は少なくとも一面に合金化めっき層を含む、請求項1に記載の高温特性及び常温加工性に優れた冷延鋼板。
- 前記合金化めっき層はFe-Ni合金化めっき層である、請求項2に記載の高温特性及び常温加工性に優れた冷延鋼板。
- 前記Fe-Ni合金化めっき層は合金化率が5~25面積%である、請求項3に記載の高温特性及び常温加工性に優れた冷延鋼板。
- 前記冷延鋼板は厚さが0.1~0.5mmである、請求項1から請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の高温特性及び常温加工性に優れた冷延鋼板。
- 前記冷延鋼板は二次電池用バッテリーケース用である、請求項1から請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の高温特性及び常温加工性に優れた冷延鋼板。
- 請求項1に記載の高温特性及び常温加工性に優れた冷延鋼板の製造方法であって、
重量%で、炭素(C):0.0005~0.003%、マンガン(Mn):0.20~0.50%、アルミニウム(Al):0.01~0.10%、リン(P):0.003~0.020%、窒素(N):0.0005~0.004%、硫黄(S):0.015%以下、ニオブ(Nb):0.005~0.040%、クロム(Cr):0.10~0.50%、タングステン(W):0.02~0.07%、残部Fe及びその他の不可避不純物からなり、前記C、Nb、及びWは下記関係式1を満たす鋼スラブを加熱する段階と、
前記加熱されたスラブを900~950℃で熱間仕上げ圧延して熱延鋼板を得る段階と、
前記熱延鋼板を560~680℃で巻取る段階と、
前記巻取られた熱延鋼板を冷間圧延して冷延鋼板を得る段階と、
前記冷延鋼板を730~850℃で均熱処理する段階と、
前記均熱処理された冷延鋼板を30~80℃/sの冷却速度で冷却する段階と、を含む、高温特性及び常温加工性に優れた冷延鋼板の製造方法。
[関係式1]0.00025≦(2×Nb/93)×(W/184)/(C/12)≦0.0015
(但し、前記C、Nb、及びWは重量%である。) - 前記鋼スラブの再加熱は1180~1280℃の温度範囲内で行われる、請求項7に記載の高温特性及び常温加工性に優れた冷延鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記冷間圧延は80~95%の圧下率で行われる、請求項7又は請求項8に記載の高温特性及び常温加工性に優れた冷延鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記冷却時の冷却終了温度は450~350℃である、請求項7から請求項9のいずれか一項に記載の高温特性及び常温加工性に優れた冷延鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記冷却する段階が終了した後、前記冷延鋼板の表面にめっき層を形成する段階と、前記めっきされた冷延鋼板を合金化熱処理して合金化めっき層が形成された冷延鋼板を得る段階と、をさらに含む、請求項7から請求項10のいずれか一項に記載の高温特性及び常温加工性に優れた冷延鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記合金化熱処理は650~750℃で行われる、請求項11に記載の高温特性及び常温加工性に優れた冷延鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記めっき層はNiめっき層であり、前記合金化めっき層はFe-Ni合金化めっき層である、請求項11又は請求項12に記載の高温特性及び常温加工性に優れた冷延鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記Niめっき層は厚さが1~5μmである、請求項13に記載の高温特性及び常温加工性に優れた冷延鋼板の製造方法。
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