JP7076379B2 - 析出硬化ステンレス鋼およびその製造 - Google Patents
析出硬化ステンレス鋼およびその製造 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 70
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims description 67
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000004881 precipitation hardening Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 60
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 41
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001105 martensitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium carbide Chemical compound [Cr]#C[Cr]C#[Cr] UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000760 Hardened steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910003310 Ni-Al Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 iron carbides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010313 vacuum arc remelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000315 carcinogenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005802 health problem Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001256 stainless steel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/25—Hardening, combined with annealing between 300 degrees Celsius and 600 degrees Celsius, i.e. heat refining ("Vergüten")
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Description
C:0.30重量%まで
Ni:10~18重量%
Mo:1~5重量%
Al:0.5~1.3重量%
Cr:1.75~3重量%
Co:8~16重量%
C:0.05~0.30重量%
Ni:9~10重量%
Mo:0.5~1.5重量%
Al:1.75~3重量%
Cr:10.5~13重量%
V:0.25~1.5重量%
Co:0~0.03重量%
Mn:0~0.5重量%
Si:0~0.3重量%
100重量%までの残りの部分は、Feおよび不純物元素であり、
ここで鋼は、80重量%より多いかまたはこれに等しい、好ましくは90重量%より多いかまたはこれに等しいマルテンサイト相を含み、ここで前記ステンレス鋼の組成は、Schaeffler図式において形成される領域内にあり、当該図式は、以下の方程式:
x軸上で重量%においてCreq=Cr+Mo+1.5*Si+0.5*Nb
y軸上で重量%においてNieq=Ni+30*C+0.5*Mn
に基づき、
ここでSchaeffler図式の領域は、重量%において11≦Creq≦15.4および10.5≦Nieq≦15によって定義され、
さらにただしAlおよびNiの量がまた式Al=(Ni/4)±0.5を重量%において満たし、かつただしAlの量は、式の結果1重量%より低いAlの量がもたらされる場合には1重量%であり、Alの量は、式の結果3重量%を超えるAlの量がもたらされる場合には3重量%である。
C:0.05~0.30重量%
Ni:9~10重量%
Mo:0.5~1.5重量%
Al:1.75~3重量%
Cr:10.5~13重量%
V:0.25~1.5重量%
Co:0~0.03重量%
Mn:0~0.5重量%
Si:0~0.3重量%
100重量%までの残りの部分は、Feおよび不純物元素であり、
ここで鋼は、80重量%より多いかまたはこれに等しい、好ましくは90重量%より多いかまたはこれに等しいマルテンサイト相を含み、ここで前記ステンレス鋼の組成は、Schaeffler図式において形成される領域内にあり、当該図式は、以下の方程式:
x軸上で重量%においてCreq=Cr+Mo+1.5*Si+0.5*Nb
y軸上で重量%においてNieq=Ni+30*C+0.5*Mn
に基づき、
ここでSchaeffler図式の領域は、重量%において11≦Creq≦15.4および10.5≦Nieq≦15によって定義され、
さらにただしAlおよびNiの量がまた式Al=(Ni/4)±0.5を重量%において満たし、かつただしAlの量は、式の結果1重量%より低いAlの量がもたらされる場合には1重量%であり、Alの量は、式の結果3重量%を超えるAlの量がもたらされる場合には3重量%である。
Claims (12)
- 析出硬化ステンレス鋼であって、前記ステンレス鋼が重量%において以下のものを含み:
C:0.05~0.30重量%
Ni:9~10重量%
Mo:0.5~1.5重量%
Al:1.75~3重量%
Cr:10.5~13重量%
V:0.25~1.5重量%
Co:0~0.03重量%
Mn:0~0.5重量%
Si:0~0.3重量%
ここで窒素、酸素および硫黄の不純物が各々バルクにおいて30ppm以下に限定され、100重量%までの残りの部分は、Feおよび不純物元素であり、
ここで前記鋼が80重量%より多いかまたはこれに等しいマルテンサイト相を含み、残りの部分がオーステナイト相で構成され、ここで前記ステンレス鋼の組成がSchaeffler図式において形成される領域内にあり、当該図式が以下の方程式:
x軸上で重量%においてCreq=Cr+Mo+1.5×Si
y軸上で重量%においてNieq=Ni+30×C+0.5×Mn
に基づき、
ここで前記Schaeffler図式の前記領域が重量%において11≦Creq≦15.4および10.5≦Nieq≦15によって定義され、
さらに、AlおよびNiの量が、式(Ni/4)-0.5≦Al≦(Ni/4)+0.5を満たし、かつAlの量が前記式の結果1.75重量%より低いAlの量がもたらされる場合には1.75重量%であり、Alの量が前記式の結果3重量%を超えるAlの量がもたらされる場合には3重量%である、
析出硬化ステンレス鋼。 - Coの量が0.01重量%未満である、請求項1に記載の析出硬化ステンレス鋼。
- 前記析出硬化ステンレス鋼がAlおよびNiを含む第1のタイプの析出物ならびにCr、MoおよびVからなる群から選択された少なくとも1種の炭化物を含む第2のタイプの析出物を含む、請求項1または2に記載の析出硬化ステンレス鋼。
- 前記析出硬化ステンレス鋼が窒化される、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の析出硬化ステンレス鋼。
- 請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の析出硬化ステンレス鋼の製造方法であって、前記析出硬化ステンレス鋼を510~530℃で1~8時間焼き戻してNiおよびAlを含む析出物を得ることを特徴とする、前記方法。
- 前記析出硬化ステンレス鋼を6~8時間焼き戻す、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記析出硬化ステンレス鋼を前記焼き戻しの前に機械加工する、請求項5または6に記載の方法。
- 溶体化処理を前記焼き戻しの前に行う、請求項5~7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記溶体化処理を900~1000℃の温度区間において0.2~3時間実施する、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 窒化を行う、請求項5~9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記析出硬化ステンレス鋼を使用中250~500℃の温度に曝露する用途のための、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の析出硬化ステンレス鋼の使用。
- 前記析出硬化ステンレス鋼を使用中250~300℃の温度に曝露する用途のための、請求項11に記載の析出硬化ステンレス鋼の使用。
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