JP7049112B2 - 水ガラスを含有するバインダーを用いて鋳型および中子を逐次層構築するための方法ならびに水ガラスを含有するバインダー - Google Patents
水ガラスを含有するバインダーを用いて鋳型および中子を逐次層構築するための方法ならびに水ガラスを含有するバインダー Download PDFInfo
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- JP7049112B2 JP7049112B2 JP2017529333A JP2017529333A JP7049112B2 JP 7049112 B2 JP7049112 B2 JP 7049112B2 JP 2017529333 A JP2017529333 A JP 2017529333A JP 2017529333 A JP2017529333 A JP 2017529333A JP 7049112 B2 JP7049112 B2 JP 7049112B2
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- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 144
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 55
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 41
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 39
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical group [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical group [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019830 sodium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- MOMKYJPSVWEWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(chloromethyl)-2-(4-methylphenyl)-1,3-thiazole Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C1=NC(CCl)=CS1 MOMKYJPSVWEWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical group [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019983 sodium metaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims 3
- YNPKJCSIKJCODK-UHFFFAOYSA-N disodium boric acid hydrogen borate decahydrate Chemical group O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB([O-])[O-] YNPKJCSIKJCODK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 claims 2
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910021486 amorphous silicon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 30
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000005058 metal casting Methods 0.000 description 6
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002296 dynamic light scattering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910006501 ZrSiO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 phosphorus compound Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006254 rheological additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001029 thermal curing Methods 0.000 description 2
- VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1N1CCN(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)CC1 VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SSXVEALMOOADMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB([O-])[O-] Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB([O-])[O-] SSXVEALMOOADMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001514 alkali metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012241 calcium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000357 carcinogen Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003183 carcinogenic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052912 lithium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006259 organic additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005049 silicon tetrachloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQTYRTSKQFQYPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisiloxane Chemical compound [SiH3]O[SiH2]O[SiH3] ZQTYRTSKQFQYPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019801 trisodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/16—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents
- B22C1/18—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of inorganic agents
- B22C1/186—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of inorganic agents contaming ammonium or metal silicates, silica sols
- B22C1/188—Alkali metal silicates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/001—Rapid manufacturing of 3D objects by additive depositing, agglomerating or laminating of material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
- B28B11/241—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening using microwave heating means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/38—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
- B29C33/3807—Resin-bonded materials, e.g. inorganic particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/44—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with means for, or specially constructed to facilitate, the removal of articles, e.g. of undercut articles
- B29C33/448—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with means for, or specially constructed to facilitate, the removal of articles, e.g. of undercut articles destructible
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/44—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with means for, or specially constructed to facilitate, the removal of articles, e.g. of undercut articles
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Description
a)構築材料混合物の成分として耐火成形基材を準備するステップと;
b)0.05mmから3mm、好ましくは0.1mmから2mm、特に好ましくは0.1mmから1mmの構築材料混合物の層厚を有する構築材料混合物の薄層を塗布するステップと;
c)薄層の選ばれた区域に、
-アルカリケイ酸塩水溶液の形の水ガラスと、
-好ましくは、少なくとも部分的な、特に完全な水溶液中に溶解した形の少なくとも1種のリン酸塩もしくは少なくとも1種のホウ酸塩またはリン酸塩およびホウ酸塩と、
を含むバインダーを印刷するステップと;
d)ステップb)およびc)を繰り返し反復するステップと
を含む。
1.特に熱硬化後の良好な強度
2.鋳造プロセス時に鋳型の変形を防ぐのに十分な、特に金属鋳造に適した熱安定性
3.良好な貯蔵安定性
4.金属鋳造後の良好な崩壊特性
5.逐次層施用された粒状材料または水ガラスバインダーの中に有機添加物が存在しないかぎり、鋳造操作および冷却時にCO2または他の有機熱分解生成物の排出がない。
(a)非晶質二酸化ケイ素は、構築材料混合物にだけ加えられる。
(b)非晶質二酸化ケイ素は、1m2/gから200m2/gの間、好ましくは1m2/g以上かつ30m2/g以下、特に好ましくは15m2/g以下のBET表面積を有する。
(c)非晶質シリカは、沈殿ケイ酸、火炎加水分解によるかまたは電気アーク中で製造される焼成二酸化ケイ素、ZrSiO4の火炎分解によって製造される非晶質二酸化ケイ素、酸素含有ガスを用いる金属ケイ素の酸化によって製造される二酸化ケイ素、石英結晶の融解および急再冷によって製造される球状粒子を有する石英ガラス粉体、およびそれらの混合物からなる群から選ばれ、好ましくはZrSiO4の熱分解によって製造される非晶質二酸化ケイ素である。
(d)非晶質二酸化ケイ素は、それぞれ耐火成形基材を基準として好ましくは0.1重量%から2重量%、特に好ましくは0.1重量%から1.5重量%の量で用いられる。
(e)非晶質二酸化ケイ素は、5重量%未満、特に好ましくは1重量%未満の含水率を有する。
(f)非晶質二酸化ケイ素は、好ましくは0.05μmから10μmの間、特に0.1μmから5μmの間、特に好ましくは0.1μmから2μmの間の動的光散乱によって決定された平均一次粒子直径を有する、粒状非晶質二酸化ケイ素である。
Claims (53)
- 少なくとも、
a)構築材料混合物の成分として耐火成形基材を準備するステップと;
b)0.05mmから3mmの層厚を有する前記構築材料混合物の薄層を塗布するステップと;
c)前記薄層の選ばれた区域に、
- 0.4超のNa 2 O/M 2 Oのモル比と、1.4超から2.8未満のSiO 2 /M 2 Oのモル比と、を有するアルカリケイ酸塩水溶液の形の水ガラスと、
- 少なくとも1種のリン酸塩、またはリン酸塩およびホウ酸塩と
を含み、1mPasより大きくかつ25mPasより小さな25℃における動粘度を有するバインダーを、3-D印刷用の印刷ヘッドのノズルを通して印刷するステップと;
d)ステップb)およびc)を繰り返し反復するステップと
を含む、3-D印刷によって物体を逐次層構築するための方法。 - 0.1mmから1mmの層厚で前記構築材料混合物の薄層を塗布する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記印刷された区域を硬化させるステップをさらに含む、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記硬化は温度上昇によって行われる、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記温度上昇はマイクロ波および/または赤外光によって行われる、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記印刷された区域を硬化させる前記ステップは、1層から10層の印刷された層の前記構築材料混合物を構築した後にそれぞれ行われる、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記印刷された区域の前記硬化は、3から8層の印刷された層の前記構築材料混合物を構築した後にそれぞれ行われる、請求項3に記載の方法。
- i)前記逐次層構築の完了後に前記物体を炉の中でまたはマイクロ波を用いて硬化させるステップと、それに続く
ii)少なくとも部分的に硬化した鋳型から、結合していない前記構築材料混合物を取り除くステップと
をさらに含む、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記耐火成形基材は、ケイ砂、ジルコン砂またはクロム鉱砂、橄欖石、バーミキュライト、ボーキサイト、耐火粘土、ガラスビーズ、粒状ガラス、中空ケイ酸アルミニウムマイクロスフェアおよびそれらの混合物を含む、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記耐火成形基材は、50重量%超えのケイ砂からなる、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記構築材料混合物の80重量%超が耐火成形基材である、請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記構築材料混合物が95重量%超えの耐火成形基材である、請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記耐火成形基材は、篩分分析によって決定される50μmから600μmの平均結晶粒直径を有する、請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記耐火成形基材は、篩分分析によって決定される80μmから300μmの平均結晶粒直径を有する、請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記水ガラスは、溶媒/希釈剤を含めて、前記成形基材を基準として0.5重量%から7重量%の間の量で用いられる、請求項1~14のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記水ガラスは、溶媒/希釈剤を含めて、前記成形基材を基準として1重量%から5.0重量%の間の量で用いられる、請求項1~14のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記構築材料混合物に水ガラス系バインダー用無機硬化剤が加えられる、請求項1~16のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記無機硬化剤はリン酸塩である、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記バインダーに対する前記硬化剤の割合は5重量%以上から25重量%未満である、請求項17または18に記載の方法。
- 前記バインダーに対する前記硬化剤の割合は10重量%以上から15重量%未満である、請求項17または18に記載の方法。
- 前記成形基材を基準として0.05重量%から2重量%の間の前記無機硬化剤が用いられる、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記成形基材を基準として0.1重量%から0.6重量%の間の前記無機硬化剤が用いられる、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記印刷するステップは、複数のノズルを有する印刷ヘッドを用いて行われる、請求項1~22のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記ノズルは個別選択的に制御可能である、請求項23に記載の方法。
- 前記印刷ヘッドは、コンピューター制御により少なくとも1つの面内で移動可能であり、
前記ノズルは、液体バインダーを逐次層施用する、請求項23または24に記載の方法。 - 前記印刷ヘッドは、バブルジェット(登録商標)技術または圧電技術によるドロップ・オン・デマンド印刷ヘッドである、請求項23~25のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1種のリン酸塩は、ヘキサメタリン酸ナトリウムまたはポリリン酸ナトリウムである請求項1~26のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1種のリン酸塩は、アルカリリン酸塩である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1種のリン酸塩は、ポリリン酸ナトリウムもしくはメタリン酸ナトリウムまたはその両方である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記バインダーは、リン酸塩を含有する、請求項1~29のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記バインダーは、リン酸塩を、0.01超かつ0.5未満のP2O5/SiO2のモル比(前記バインダー中のSiO2に対するP2O5として計算される)で含有する、請求項30に記載の方法。
- 前記バインダーはホウ酸塩を含有する、請求項1~31のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記バインダーは、ホウ酸塩を、0.01から0.5のB2O3/SiO2のモル比(前記バインダー中のSiO2に対するB2O3として計算される)で含有する、請求項32に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1つのホウ酸塩は、アルカリホウ酸塩である、請求項1~33のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1つのホウ酸塩は、四ホウ酸二ナトリウム十水和物である、請求項34に記載の方法。
- バインダーであって、
- 0.4超のNa2O/M2Oのモル比と、1.4超から2.8未満のSiO2/M2Oのモル比と、を有する水ガラスを含み、
いずれの場合も、M2Oの含量は、前記バインダー中に含有される非晶質アルカリケイ酸塩、アルカリ酸化物、アルカリ水酸化物、アルカリリン酸塩および/またはアルカリホウ酸塩に基づいて酸化物として計算されたリチウム、ナトリウムおよびカリウムのモル量の質量の和であり、
- 前記バインダーは、少なくとも1種のリン酸塩もしくは少なくとも1種のホウ酸塩またはリン酸塩およびホウ酸塩を含有し;
- 前記バインダーは、1mPasより大きくかつ25mPas未満の25℃における動粘度を有する
バインダー。 - 前記バインダー中の任意の粒子成分は、70μm未満のD90の値を有する、請求項36に記載のバインダー。
- 前記バインダーは、0.7超のNa2O/M2Oのモル比と、1.9超かつ2.4未満のSiO2/M2Oのモル比とを有する水ガラスを含有する、請求項36または37に記載のバインダー。
- 前記バインダーは、22重量%超から40重量%未満の固形分を有する、請求項36に記載のバインダー。
- 前記バインダーは、28重量%超から35重量%未満の固形分を有する、請求項39に記載のバインダー。
- 前記バインダー中の粒子は、
- 40μm未満のD90値を有し、および/または
- 250μm未満のD100値を有する、
請求項36~40のいずれか1項に記載のバインダー。 - 前記バインダー中の粒子は、
- 20μm未満のD90値を有し、および/または
- 30μm未満のD100値を有する、
請求項36~40のいずれか1項に記載のバインダー。 - 前記少なくとも1種のリン酸塩は、ヘキサメタリン酸ナトリウムまたはポリリン酸ナトリウムである、請求項36~42のいずれか1項に記載のバインダー。
- 前記少なくとも1種のリン酸塩は、ポリリン酸ナトリウムもしくはメタリン酸ナトリウムまたはその両方である、請求項36に記載のバインダー。
- 前記バインダーは、リン酸塩を含有する、請求項36~44のいずれか一項に記載のバインダー。
- 前記バインダーは、リン酸塩を、0.01超から0.5未満のP2O5/SiO2のモル比(前記バインダー中のSiO2に対するP2O5として計算される)で含有する、請求項45に記載のバインダー。
- 前記バインダーはホウ酸塩を含有する請求項36~46のいずれか1項に記載のバインダー。
- 前記バインダーは、0.01から0.5のB2O3/SiO2のモル比(前記バインダー中のSiO2およびB2O3として計算される)で、ホウ酸塩を含有する、請求項47に記載のバインダー。
- 前記少なくとも1種のホウ酸塩は、アルカリホウ酸塩である、請求項36~48のいずれか1項に記載のバインダー。
- 前記少なくとも1つのホウ酸塩は、四ホウ酸二ナトリウム十水和物である、請求項49に記載のバインダー。
- 前記バインダーは、界面活性物質をさらに含有する、請求項36~50のいずれか1項に記載のバインダー。
- 前記バインダーは、0.01重量%から3.0重量%の間の界面活性物質を含有する、請求項51に記載のバインダー。
- 前記バインダーは請求項36~52のいずれか1項によってさらに定義される、請求項1~35のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
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PCT/DE2015/000589 WO2016091249A1 (de) | 2014-12-12 | 2015-12-11 | Verfahren zum schichtweisen aufbau von formen und kernen mit einem wasserglashaltigen bindemittel und ein wasserglashaltiges bindemittel |
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JP2004508941A (ja) | 2000-09-25 | 2004-03-25 | ゲネリス ゲーエムベーハー | 堆積法によるパーツ作製方法 |
JP2011500330A (ja) | 2007-10-30 | 2011-01-06 | アッシュランド−ズードケミー−ケルンフェスト ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | 改善された流動性を有する成形材料混合物 |
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PL3230046T3 (pl) | 2023-10-02 |
WO2016091249A1 (de) | 2016-06-16 |
CN117067581A (zh) | 2023-11-17 |
JP2017538585A (ja) | 2017-12-28 |
MX2017007586A (es) | 2017-09-07 |
KR102377287B1 (ko) | 2022-03-22 |
US20170320128A1 (en) | 2017-11-09 |
RU2017124624A3 (ja) | 2019-05-21 |
BR112017012507A2 (pt) | 2018-01-09 |
BR112017012507B1 (pt) | 2022-07-12 |
EP3230046A1 (de) | 2017-10-18 |
EP4234132A3 (de) | 2024-03-20 |
EP4234132A2 (de) | 2023-08-30 |
DE102014118577A1 (de) | 2016-06-16 |
US11759847B2 (en) | 2023-09-19 |
RU2017124624A (ru) | 2019-01-15 |
KR20170098246A (ko) | 2017-08-29 |
EP3230046B1 (de) | 2023-05-31 |
RU2706616C2 (ru) | 2019-11-19 |
ES2949097T3 (es) | 2023-09-25 |
JP2021049584A (ja) | 2021-04-01 |
US20230059329A1 (en) | 2023-02-23 |
CN107000322A (zh) | 2017-08-01 |
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