JP7038951B2 - 負極活物質及びそれを含む全固体電池用負極 - Google Patents
負極活物質及びそれを含む全固体電池用負極 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7038951B2 JP7038951B2 JP2019561987A JP2019561987A JP7038951B2 JP 7038951 B2 JP7038951 B2 JP 7038951B2 JP 2019561987 A JP2019561987 A JP 2019561987A JP 2019561987 A JP2019561987 A JP 2019561987A JP 7038951 B2 JP7038951 B2 JP 7038951B2
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- oxide
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
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Description
体積変化率(%)=[(変形後負極の体積-変形前負極の体積)/(変形前負極の体積)]×100
(1)負極活物質の製造(コア-シェル構造)
鱗片状天然黒鉛を粉砕して分級を通じて得た粒度約2μmレベルの一次粒子を、固相ピッチと混合して表面コーティングしながら二次粒子化した。その後、Ar雰囲気で3,000℃熱処理を通じて約15μmの黒鉛粒子(二次粒子)を収得した。その後、CVDを用いてTiO2を上記黒鉛粒子の表面に800nmの厚さでコーティングした。
PEOとLiTFSIとを[EO]:[Li+]=18:1のモル比で混合し、60℃でアセトニトリル(AN)に一日間撹拌した後、上記製造例を通じて収得した負極活物質を上記溶液に浸漬してから乾燥して全固体電池用負極を製造した。製造された負極は空隙率が28%であった。
次いで、PEOとLiTFSIとを[EO]:[Li+]=18:1のモル比で混合し、60℃でアセトニトリル(AN)に一日間撹拌した後、正極活物質としてLi[Ni0.8Mn0.1Co0.1]O2を上記溶液に浸漬してから乾燥して全固体電池用正極を製造した。製造された正極は空隙率が28%であった。
比較例1
コアとして鱗片状天然黒鉛を球形化して製造した15μmの黒鉛を使用したこと以外は、実施例1と同じ条件の電極を使用した。図5a及び図5bは比較例1で使用した鱗片状天然黒鉛の断面を示したものである。図面から、気孔の形状が針状または長方形と横縦の比率が非常に大きく、粒子断面の一部に偏って配置されていることが確認できる。このような気孔の形状及び配置を有する負極活物質粒子は、充放電時の体積膨張が特定方向(図5c及び図5dを参照)に発生する傾向がある。
コアとして鱗片状天然黒鉛を粉砕して分級を通じて得た粒度7μmの一次粒子を固相ピッチとともに二次粒子化して15μmの二次粒子を得た後、3,000℃で熱処理したことを除き、実施例1と同じ条件の電極を使用した。
コアとして鱗片状天然黒鉛を粉砕して分級を通じて得た粒度2μmの一次粒子を固相ピッチとともに二次粒子化して15μmの二次粒子を得た後、3,000℃で熱処理し、TiO2コーティングはしないことを除き、実施例1と同じ条件の電極を使用した。
実施例及び比較例による電池に対してサイクル特性を確認した。それぞれの電池に対して1stサイクルで0.1Cで4.8Vまで充電、2.5Vまで放電し、2ndサイクルで4.5Vまでは0.2Cで充電、2.5Vまでは0.2CでCC放電を行った。その後、2ndサイクルと同じ電流と電圧区間で、CCモードで充電及び放電を50回繰り返した。容量維持率及び抵抗増加率を下記表1に示した。容量維持率は下記数式2に基づいて計算した。
容量維持率(%)=[50thサイクル放電容量/2ndサイクル放電容量]×100
20…負極活物質
30…気孔
Claims (10)
- 炭素材料を含むコア部と、上記コア部の表面を少なくとも一部被覆するシェル部とを含み、上記炭素材料は、複数の気孔を含み、気孔度が5~30vol%であり、気孔の最長径を基準に100nm~300nmである気孔サイズを有し、
上記炭素材料が、黒鉛1次粒子、複数の黒鉛1次粒子が凝集して形成された黒鉛2次粒子、及び多孔性活性炭から選択された1種以上であり、
前記1次粒子の直径(D 50 )が500nm~5μmである、全固体電池用負極活物質。 - 上記炭素材料が、多孔性材料であって、軟質炭素、硬質炭素、天然黒鉛、キッシュ・グラファイト、熱分解炭素、メソフェーズピッチ系炭素繊維、メソカーボンマイクロビーズ、メソフェーズピッチ、石油と石炭系コークス、及び活性炭から選択された1種以上である、請求項1に記載の全固体電池用負極活物質。
- 上記気孔が、活物質の内部と外部とが連結された開放型気孔及び閉鎖型気孔の少なくとも一つ以上を含む、請求項1または2に記載の全固体電池用負極活物質。
- 上記コア部が5μm~20μmの直径(D50)を有する、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の全固体電池用負極活物質。
- 上記コア部は、コアの最長径を基準に50%±20%地点のコア断部における気孔の断面積がコア断面積100%対比10%~50%である、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の全固体電池用負極活物質。
- 上記シェル部は、厚さが100nm~5μmであり、コア部表面積の80%以上を被覆する、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の全固体電池用負極活物質。
- 上記シェル部は、金属酸化物を含み、上記金属酸化物は、チタン酸リチウム、酸化鉄、酸化チタン、酸化アルミニウム、三酸化クロム、酸化亜鉛、酸化銅、酸化マグネシウム、二酸化ジルコニウム、三酸化モリブデン、五酸化バナジウム、五酸化ニオブ、酸化鉄、酸化マンガン、酸化バナジウム、酸化コバルト、酸化ニッケル及び五酸化タンタルからなる群より選択された1種以上である、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の全固体電池用負極活物質。
- 負極活物質、固体電解質及び導電材を含む電極活物質層を備える全固体電池用負極であって、上記負極活物質は請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載のものである全固体電池用負極。
- 上記負極が、固体電解質として高分子電解質及び無機固体電解質のうち1種以上を含む、請求項8に記載の全固体電池用負極。
- 負極、正極及び上記負極と正極との間に介在された固体電解質膜を含み、上記負極が請求項8または9に記載のものである全固体電池。
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US20200411843A1 (en) | 2020-12-31 |
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CN110651385A (zh) | 2020-01-03 |
KR20190044397A (ko) | 2019-04-30 |
KR102259971B1 (ko) | 2021-06-02 |
EP3660957A2 (en) | 2020-06-03 |
EP3660957A4 (en) | 2020-11-25 |
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WO2019078702A2 (ko) | 2019-04-25 |
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