JP6797253B2 - 排気ガスを処理するための触媒 - Google Patents
排気ガスを処理するための触媒 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6797253B2 JP6797253B2 JP2019140403A JP2019140403A JP6797253B2 JP 6797253 B2 JP6797253 B2 JP 6797253B2 JP 2019140403 A JP2019140403 A JP 2019140403A JP 2019140403 A JP2019140403 A JP 2019140403A JP 6797253 B2 JP6797253 B2 JP 6797253B2
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- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- filter
- alumina
- aei
- zeolite
- Prior art date
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 176
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 94
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 89
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 80
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 80
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 46
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003426 co-catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001548 androgenic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 129
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 64
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 46
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 34
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 30
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 30
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 16
- 241000264877 Hippospongia communis Species 0.000 description 15
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 9
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 8
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- -1 platinum group metals Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 6
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- YITHLEHDZCSGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1,1-diethyl-2,6-dimethylpiperidin-1-ium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CC[N+]1(CC)C(C)CCCC1C YITHLEHDZCSGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 3
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000873 Beta-alumina solid electrolyte Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- IATRAKWUXMZMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Sr+2] IATRAKWUXMZMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 2
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- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HGACHMQVWWZPCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,3,5-tetramethylpiperidin-1-ium Chemical compound CC1CC(C)C[N+](C)(C)C1 HGACHMQVWWZPCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YWZGBJRUJMCHLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-diethyl-2,6-dimethylpiperidin-1-ium Chemical compound CC[N+]1(CC)C(C)CCCC1C YWZGBJRUJMCHLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000505 Al2TiO5 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000269350 Anura Species 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 244000292604 Salvia columbariae Species 0.000 description 1
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- 235000001498 Salvia hispanica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OJMOMXZKOWKUTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;borate Chemical compound [Al+3].[O-]B([O-])[O-] OJMOMXZKOWKUTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BVCZEBOGSOYJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium carbamate Chemical compound [NH4+].NC([O-])=O BVCZEBOGSOYJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium formate Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]C=O VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- KWYKSRAECRPMIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;hydrazine Chemical compound N.NN KWYKSRAECRPMIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KOPBYBDAPCDYFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Cs+].[Cs+] KOPBYBDAPCDYFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001942 caesium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid monoamide Natural products NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
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- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
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Description
4NO + 4NH3 + O2 → 4N2 + 6H2O
2NO2 + 4NH3 + O2 → 3N2 + 6H2O
NO + NO2 + 2NH3 → 2N2 + 3H2O である。
好ましくは、結晶サイズのサンプルの4分の1の一番目及び三番目が、約0.5μmよりも大きく、好ましくは、約0.5と約15μmとの間、例えば、約0.5から約5μm、約0.7から約5μm、約1から約5μm、約1.5から約5.0μm、約1.5から約4.0μm、約2から約5μm、又は約1μmから約10μmである。
第2の触媒キャブ(cab)のモレキュラーシーブは、H+の状態にあり得、及び/又はCu、Fe、Ni、Co、及びMn等の遷移金属、Au、Ag、Pt、Pd、及びRu等の貴金属、又はそれらの何らかの組み合わせと交換され得る。特に有用な金属は、Fe及びCuを含む。第2の触媒の他の例は、シリカ、チタニア、又はアルミナ上に支持された、並びにタングステン及び/又はモリブデン等の他の金属と随意に組み合わされた、V2O5等のバナジウム触媒を含む。第1の区域は、排気ガスの流れに関して第2の区域の上流又は下流であり得るが、好ましくは、下流である。上流の区域及び下流の区域は、それぞれ、フロースルーハニカム基材の前端部及び後端部に対応し得、又はそれぞれ、ウォールフロー型フィルターの入口側及び出口側に対応し得る。2つの区域は、互いに部分的に又は完全に重なり得る。部分的な重なりに対して、重なっているセクションは第3の中間区域を生成する。代替的に、2つの区域は互いに隣接し得、それらの間に間隙はほとんどないか又は全くない(すなわち、0.2インチ未満)。代替的に、第1及び第2の触媒は、一緒に混合され得、かつ単一の触媒層としてウォッシュコートされ得、又は一様なハニカム基材として押し出され得る。特定の態様では、触媒は、第1及び第2の触媒材料の一方と若しくは両方と混合され、又は第3の区域内に配置された第3の触媒材料を更に含み、ここで、第3の区域は、第1及び/又は第2の触媒の下流又は上流であるが、好ましくは、同じ基材上である。
60部のSiO2、1.2部のAl2O3、13.41部のNa2O、9.5部のN,N−ジエチル−2,6−ジメチルピペリジニウム水酸化物(22.23wt%溶液)、及び2721部のH2Oの(モル)組成の反応ゲルが、以下のように準備された。すなわち、約130.6グラムのシリカ源(30wt%のSiO2)は、300rpmで回転するために設定された撹拌機を用いて、1リットルのステンレス鋼製のオートクレーブに入れられた。約341.4gの1N NaOHが、98.3gのテンプレートとビーカー内で混合された。約7.6gのアンモニウム交換されたYゼオライトが、この混合物に加えられた。混合物は、オートクレーブ内のコロイダルシリカに加えられる前に、10から15分の間、室温でかき混ぜられた。オートクレーブは密封され、かつ135℃まで加熱される前に更なる10分の間、室温でかき混ぜが継続された。温度は、12日の間、維持され、その後、オートクレーブは室温まで冷却され、製品は、放出され、その後、ろ過され、脱塩水を用いて洗浄され、かつ110℃で一晩乾燥された。
テンプレートが22.23wt%の溶液であることを除いて、反応ゲルは、実施例1で説明されたものと同様な方法によって調製され、実施例1で説明されたものと同様の試薬を使用した。この場合において、反応ゲルは、すなわち、60部のSiO2、1.21部のAl2O3、15.0部のNa2O、9.5部のテンプレート、及び2721部のH2Oの(モル)組成を有した。反応は、300rpmで撹拌する1.5Lのオートクレーブ内で実行された。反応は、135℃で8日間実施された後に、室温まで冷却され、オートクレーブから放出され、ろ過され、洗浄され、110℃で一晩乾燥された。
60部のSiO2、1.704部のAl2O3、15.7部のNa2O、9.5部のテンプレート(N,N−ジエチル−2,6−ジメチルピペリジニウム水酸化物(19.34%w/wの溶液))、及び2721部のH2Oを有する(モル)組成の反応ゲルが、以下のように準備された。すなわち、約123.9gのシリカ源(30wt%のSiO2)が、1Lのステンレス鋼製オートクレーブに入れられ、300rpmで回転するように撹拌機が設定された。約399.65gの1NのNaOHが、113.09gのテンプレートとビーカー内で混合された。この混合物に対して、10.7gのアンモニア変換されたYゼオライトが加えられた。混合物は、オートクレーブ内のコロイドダルシリカに加えられる前に、およそ10分間、室温で撹拌された。オートクレーブは密封され、135℃まで加熱される前に更に10分間、室温で撹拌が継続された。温度は、およそ7日の間、維持され、その後、オートクレーブは室温まで冷却され、製品は、放出され、その後、ろ過され、脱塩水を用いて洗浄され、110℃で一晩乾燥された。
上述の比較例1で説明されたものと同様な方法によって、反応ゲルが準備された。この場合において、反応ゲルは、60部のSiO2、1.34部のAl2O3、15.7部のNa2O、9.5部のテンプレート、及び2721部のH2Oの(モル)組成を有し、テンプレートが19.34%w/wの水溶液であることを除いて、同様な試薬を使用して準備された。使用された試薬の量は、128.8gのシリカ源、8.42gのゼオライトY、399.6gの1Mの水酸化ナトリウム溶液、113gのN,N−ジエチル−2,6−ジメチルピペリジニウム水酸化物のテンプレート、及び33.1gの脱塩水である。
上述の比較例1で説明されたものと同様な方法によって、比較例1で説明されたものと同様な試薬を使用して、反応ゲルが調製された。この場合において、反応ゲルは、60部のSiO2、1.34部のAl2O3、15.08部のNa2O、9.5部のテンプレート、及び2721部のH2O(モル)組成を有した。
実施例1で説明されたものと同様なAEI(SAR=22)アルミノケイ酸塩の粉末の5グラムのサンプルが、インシピエントウェットネス法を使用して、酢酸銅を用いて処理され、3重量パーセントの銅が担持した触媒を生成した。AEI(SAR18)、AEI(SAR19)、及びAEI(SAR20)の銅が担持したサンプルが、同様な技術を使用して調製された。更に、CHA構造(SAR=16)を有するアルミノケイ酸塩の3重量パーセントの銅が担持したサンプル、及びCHA構造(SAR=22)を有するアルミノケイ酸塩の銅が担持したサンプルが、また、同様な技術を使用して調製された。
実施例1で説明されたものと同様なAEI(SAR=22)の粉末の5グラムのサンプルが、インシピエントウェットネス法を使用して、酢酸銅を用いて処理され、3重量パーセントの銅が担持した触媒を生成した。AEI(SAR18)、AEI(SAR19)、及びAEI(SAR20)の銅が担持したサンプルは、同様な技術を使用して調製された。
実施例1で説明されたものと同様なAEI(SAR=20)アルミノケイ酸塩の粉末のサンプルが、インシピエントウェットネス法を使用して、酢酸銅を用いて処理され、3重量パーセントの銅が担持した触媒を生成した。3重量パーセントの銅が担持したCHA(SAR=26)及びBEAアルミノケイ酸塩のサンプルが、また、同様な技術を使用して調製された。
AEIアルミノケイ酸塩のサンプルは、インシピエントウェットネス法を使用して銅が担持され、以下の担持、すなわち、2.5重量%の銅、3.0重量%の銅、3.5重量%の銅、及び4.0重量%の銅の担持をもたらした。これらのサンプルの各々の一部は、各々、500℃において2時間、水熱的にエージングされた。これらのサンプルの各々の別の部分は、750℃において80時間、水熱的にエージングされた。これらのサンプルの各々の別の部分は、900℃において2時間、水熱的にエージングされた。
Claims (18)
- a.AEI構造を有し、20から30のシリカ対アルミナのモル比を有し、0.1から15μmの平均結晶サイズを有し、ハロゲンを含まないアルミノシリケートモレキュラーシーブ、モレキュラーシーブ材料の全重量に基づいて1から5重量パーセントの助触媒金属、並びにアルミナ、シリカ、非ゼオライトのシリカアルミナ、チタニア、ジルコニア、及びセリアから選択される成分を含む結合剤を含む、触媒組成物、並びに
b.触媒組成物が、その上及び/又はその中に配置されているパーティキュレートフィルター
を含む、排気ガスを処理するための触媒物品。 - 結合剤がアルミナを含む、請求項1に記載の触媒物品。
- 助触媒金属が銅及び鉄から選択される、請求項2に記載の触媒物品。
- アルミナがガンマアルミナ及び/又はシータアルミナである、請求項2に記載の触媒物品。
- 結合剤がアルミナからなる、請求項2に記載の触媒物品。
- フィルターがウォールフロー型フィルターである、請求項2に記載の触媒物品。
- 触媒組成物がフィルター上又はフィルター内のコーティングである、請求項6に記載の触媒物品。
- コーティングが、フィルター上の表面コーティング、フィルターの表面に浸透するコーティング、又はそれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項7に記載の触媒物品。
- コーティングがフィルター上の表面コーティングを含む、請求項8に記載の触媒物品。
- コーティングがフィルターの入口側にある、請求項9に記載の触媒物品。
- フィルターが、フィルターの出口側に配置されたアンモニア酸化触媒を更に含む、請求項10に記載の触媒物品。
- フィルターが40から75%の空隙率を有する、請求項2に記載の触媒物品。
- フィルターが少なくとも70%の効率を有する、請求項2に記載の触媒物品。
- フィルターが少なくとも30%の細孔の相互接続容量を有する、請求項2に記載の触媒物品。
- フィルターが10から40μmの平均孔径を有する、請求項2に記載の触媒物品。
- 触媒がウォッシュコートであり、ウォッシュコートが92000から150000g/m 3の濃度でフィルター上に存在する、請求項2に記載の触媒物品。
- AEI骨格を有する前記モレキュラーシーブが、0.1から10μmの平均結晶サイズを有する、請求項1に記載の触媒物品。
- 前記平均結晶サイズが、0.5から5μmである、請求項17に記載の触媒物品。
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