JP6752463B2 - 難燃性発泡体及び難燃性発泡体の製造方法 - Google Patents
難燃性発泡体及び難燃性発泡体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
難燃性発泡体は、少なくともセルロース含有粉体、親水性高分子、発泡性熱可塑性樹脂、難燃剤及び水を含む混合物が発泡成形された難燃性発泡体である。そして、混合物には分散剤として第三リン酸カルシウムまたはシリカが配合されている。
次に、難燃性発泡体の製造方法の一実施形態について説明する。
熱可塑性樹脂(発泡性熱可塑性樹脂、通常の熱可塑性樹脂、樹脂発泡助剤)、親水性高分子、セルロース含有粉体、難燃剤(難燃助剤を含む)、分散剤、樹脂発泡助剤として、以下のものを用いた。用いた分散剤の性状等を表1に示す。なお、表1のかさ密度は、粉体特性評価装置(ホソカワミクロン(株)製 パウダテスタ(登録商標) PT−X)を用いて測定した値である。
通常の熱可塑性樹脂:ポリプロピレン(日本ポリプロ株式会社製BC8)
樹脂発泡助剤:無水フマル酸変性ポリオレフィン(デュポン株式会社製フサボンドP613)
親水性高分子:澱粉(加藤化学株式会社製、H−100)
セルロース含有粉体:紙粉(平均粒径40〜70μm)
難燃剤(難燃助剤を含む):ポリリン酸アンモニウム、ペンタエリスリトール、メラミンの混合物(太平化学産業株式会社製タイエンE)、リン酸アンモニウム(太平化学産業株式会社製タイエンN)
分散剤:第三リン酸カルシウム(太平化学産業株式会社製第三リン酸カルシウム)
樹脂発泡助剤(粉状):アクリル変性フッ素系樹脂(三菱レイヨン株式会社製メタブレンA−3000)
樹脂発泡助剤(液状):シリコーン系界面活性剤(東レ・ダウコーニング株式会社株式会社製SH193)
まず、上記各成分のうち親水性高分子、セルロース含有粉体、難燃剤(難燃助剤を含む)、分散剤、樹脂発泡助剤(粉状)、樹脂発泡助剤(液状)及び水を用いて、表2に示す配合割合で混合工程及び造粒工程によりペレットを製造した。なお、表2の配合割合は質量%を表す。
分散剤として、表1に示すシリカ(1)(エボニック(Evonik industries AG)製 ACEMATT(登録商標) HK400)を用いた以外は、各成分を表2に示す配合割合として、実施例1〜3と同様にして実施例4の難燃性発泡体を得た。
分散剤として、表1に示すシリカ(2)(エボニック(Evonik industries AG)製 ACEMATT(登録商標) OK520)を用いた以外は、各成分を表2に示す配合割合として、実施例1〜3と同様の方法により実施例5の難燃性発泡体を得た。
分散剤を添加しなかった以外は、各成分を表2に示す配合割合として、実施例1〜3と同様の方法により比較例1の難燃性発泡体を得た。
分散剤として、表1に示す炭酸カルシウム(1)(備北粉化工業(株)製 ソフトン3200)を用いた以外は、各成分を表2に示す配合割合として、実施例1〜3と同様の方法により比較例2の難燃性発泡体を製造した。
分散剤として、表1に示す炭酸カルシウム(2)(備北粉化工業(株)製 BF200)を用いた以外は、各成分を表2に示す配合割合として、実施例1〜3と同様の方法により比較例3の難燃性発泡体を製造した。
分散剤として、表1に示す炭酸カルシウム(3)(備北粉化工業(株)製 BF400)を用いた以外は、各成分を表2に示す配合割合として、実施例1〜3と同様の方法により比較例3の難燃性発泡体を製造した。
分散剤として、表1に示す有機系分散剤(1)(アイカ工業(株)製 ガンツパール GB−05S)を用いた以外は、各成分を表2に示す配合割合として、実施例1〜3と同様の方法により比較例5の難燃性発泡体を得た。
分散剤として、表1に示す有機系分散剤(2)(アイカ工業(株)製 グランパール GU−0700P)を用いた以外は、各成分を表2に示す配合割合として、実施例1〜3と同様の方法により比較例6の難燃性発泡体を得た。
実施例1〜5及び比較例1、5、6の難燃性発泡体から13mm×50mm×150mmの試験片を切り出し、この試験片をJIS A 9521「建築用断熱材」付属書B測定方法Bを参考にして、燃焼時間及び燃焼距離を測定し、以下の基準で評価した。
◎:120秒未満
○:120秒以上125秒未満
×:125秒以上
燃焼時間は短いほど難燃性が高いため、◎はほぼ問題なし、○は実用上問題なし、×は少し問題ありを示す。
○:60mm未満
×:60mm以上
燃焼距離は短いほど難燃性が高いため、○は実用上問題なし、×はやや問題ありを示す。
実施例1〜5及び比較例1、5、6の難燃性発泡体から13mm×50mm×150mmの試験片を切り出し、密度を測定して以下の基準で評価した。
◎:25〜35kg/m3
○:36〜50kg/m3
×:51以上
密度は小さい方が好ましいので、◎はほぼ問題なし、○は実用上問題なし、×はやや問題ありを示す。
実施例1〜5及び比較例1、5、6の難燃性発泡体から13mm×50mm×150mmの試験片を切り出し、熱伝導率を測定して以下の基準で評価した。なお、以下の基準は「住宅の品質確保の促進等に関する法律」の省エネルギー対策等級4(熱抵抗値2.2m2W/K)を80mm厚の本難燃性発泡体で満たすよう考慮して設定した。
○:0.036W/mK未満
×:0.036W/mK以上
熱伝導率は小さい方が好ましいので、○は実用上問題なし、×はやや問題ありを示す。
Claims (10)
- 少なくともセルロース含有粉体、親水性高分子、発泡性熱可塑性樹脂、難燃剤及び水を含む混合物の成形体である難燃性発泡体であって、
前記混合物には、分散剤として第三リン酸カルシウムまたはシリカの少なくとも一方が配合されている
難燃性発泡体。 - 前記難燃剤が、無機リン酸塩を含む
請求項1に記載の難燃性発泡体。 - 前記難燃剤は、少なくともポリリン酸アンモニウムとリン酸アンモニウムとを含む
請求項1又は2に記載の難燃性発泡体。 - 前記難燃剤の配合量が前記混合物の全量に対して5質量%以上20質量%以下の範囲であり、
前記分散剤の配合量が前記混合物の全量に対して2質量%以上8質量%以下の範囲である
請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の難燃性発泡体。 - 前記混合物にはペンタエリスリトールが配合されている
請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の難燃性発泡体。 - 前記混合物にはメラミンまたはその化合物が配合されている
請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の難燃性発泡体。 - 前記混合物には無水フマル酸変性ポリオレフィンが配合されている
請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の難燃性発泡体。 - 少なくともセルロース含有粉体と、親水性高分子と、難燃剤と、分散剤として第三リン酸カルシウムまたはシリカの少なくとも一方と、水とを混合して混合物を製造する混合工程と、
前記混合工程で得られた前記混合物を造粒する造粒工程と、
前記造粒工程で得られた粒状物と発泡性熱可塑性樹脂とを押出機で加熱混合した後、発泡成形する押出発泡工程と
を有する難燃性発泡体の製造方法。 - 前記混合工程において、前記難燃剤が、少なくともポリリン酸アンモニウムとリン酸アンモニウムとを含む無機リン酸塩であり、
前記リン酸アンモニウムは、予め水又は温水に溶かした状態で混合する
請求項8に記載の難燃性発泡体の製造方法。 - 前記押出発泡工程において、さらに水を添加する
請求項8又は9に記載の難燃性発泡体の製造方法。
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