JP6752150B2 - シリンジキャップを具備した、針付プレフィルドシリンジ製剤 - Google Patents
シリンジキャップを具備した、針付プレフィルドシリンジ製剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6752150B2 JP6752150B2 JP2016556686A JP2016556686A JP6752150B2 JP 6752150 B2 JP6752150 B2 JP 6752150B2 JP 2016556686 A JP2016556686 A JP 2016556686A JP 2016556686 A JP2016556686 A JP 2016556686A JP 6752150 B2 JP6752150 B2 JP 6752150B2
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Description
〔1〕蛋白質溶液を封入した針付プレフィルドシリンジ製剤であって、当該針に水蒸気透過性の低い素材で形成されたキャップを具備することを特徴とする、プレフィルドシリンジ製剤。
〔3−1〕ブチルゴムが、ノルマルブチルゴムまたはハロゲン化ブチルゴムである、〔2〕のプレフィルドシリンジ製剤。
〔5〕注射器本体がシクロオレフィン系の樹脂製である、〔4〕のプレフィルドシリンジ製剤。
〔7〕蛋白質溶液が、当該蛋白質を80mg/ml以上含む溶液である、〔1〕〜〔6〕に記載のプレフィルドシリンジ製剤。
〔9〕蛋白質溶液の粘度が2〜100mPa・sである、上記プレフィルドシリンジ製剤。
〔10〕蛋白質が抗体である、上記プレフィルドシリンジ製剤。
〔11〕抗体濃度が100〜300mg/mLで、粘度が6〜100mPa・sである、上記プレフィルドシリンジ製剤。
〔12〕抗体が抗IL6受容体抗体である、〔10〕または〔11〕記載のプレフィルドシリンジ製剤。
〔14〕以下の工程を含む、蛋白質溶液を封入した針付プレフィルドシリンジ製剤の製造方法:
1)針に水蒸気透過性の低い素材で形成されたキャップを具備した針付シリンジを放射線または電子線で滅菌する工程;
2)無菌的に、当該針付シリンジに蛋白質溶液を封入する工程。
さらに、工業生産で用いられるトレイフィラー充填用のシリンジの素材を、滅菌のための放射線照射で変色しない樹脂にすることにより、Cloggingを生じずに簡便に工業的製造ができる高濃度抗体含有針付プレフィルドシリンジ製剤を提供できる。
以下、本発明の一実施形態に係る、針キャップを具備した針付プレフィルドシリンジ製剤について説明する。
キャップの構造としては、上述の材料がチューブ状に形成されており、一端が閉鎖し他端が注入針あるいは注射器本体の外周を密着して取り囲んで取り付け可能な開口部を有していれば特に制限はない。単層、複層、その他の構造のいずれでもよい。また、開口部の内側には、キャップを脱着するための溝や突起が付されていてもよい。キャップは、針先から注射器本体である外筒の一端までを覆うように取り付けられても、あるいは、針先から注射針と注射器本体のコネクタ部分までを覆うように取り付けられてもよい。
例えば、本発明のプレフィルドシリンジ製剤は、40℃−8%RHで4週間保管された場合でも、Cloggingが起こらない。あるいは、40℃−8%RHで6週間保管された場合でも、Cloggingが起こらない。あるいは、40℃−8%RHで2ヶ月間保管された場合でも、Cloggingが起こらない。あるいは、40℃−8%RHで3ヶ月間保管された場合でも、Cloggingが起こらない。あるいは、40℃−8%RHで4ヶ月間保管された場合でも、Cloggingが起こらない。あるいは、40℃−8%RHで5ヶ月間保管された場合でも、Cloggingが起こらない。あるいは、40℃−8%RHで6ヶ月間保管された場合でも、Cloggingが起こらない。
針キャップを具備した針付プレフィルドシリンジ製剤の製造において、一般的にはトレイフィラーを用いて薬液の充填を行うため、滅菌処理は薬液充填前に、例えば事前にシリンジメーカーにおいて、行われる。針付シリンジの組み立ては、注射器本体の先端に注射針を取り付けてから、当該注射針を覆うようにキャップ(シリンジキャップあるいは針キャップ)を取り付けることにより行われる。次いで、キャップを嵌めた状態の針付シリンジを、滅菌するのに十分な時間、放射線または電子線を照射することにより滅菌する。放射線滅菌の最も一般的な形態はガンマ線照射であり、線源としてはコバルト60などが用いられるが、これに限定はされない。ガンマ線は透過力に優れているため、梱包形態の制限がなく、線量のバラツキも少なく、ブチルコム製のキャップを装着した状態でも注射針の滅菌が可能である。放射線の線量は、滅菌対象である物体の量に依存し、典型的にはガンマ放射線の吸収線量として約10kGy〜60kGy、好ましくは約25kGy〜50kGyが照射される。滅菌の後、無菌環境下で注射器本体に薬液が充填され、次いで、プランジャが装着される。さらに、当該針付プレフィルドシリンジ製剤は、小包装単位で(例えば一本毎に)ピロー包装されることもある。
生理活性蛋白質としては抗体が好ましい。
高濃度の抗体を含有する抗体含有溶液製剤が特に好ましい。
ヒト化抗体(ACE910、WO2012/067176を参照)などが挙げられる。本発明で使用するヒト化抗体として特に好ましいのは、ヒト化抗IL-6レセプター抗体、抗NR10ヒト化抗体、及びファクターIXとファクターXとのBi-specificヒト化抗体である。
低分子化抗体としては、抗TPO受容体アゴニストDiabody(WO02/33072参照)、抗CD47アゴニストDiabody(WO01/66737参照)などが好ましい。
(a)グルタミン酸(E)、アスパラギン酸(D)
(b)リジン(K)、アルギニン(R)、ヒスチジン(H)
また、改変前のアミノ酸残基が既に電荷を有する場合、電荷を有さないアミノ酸残基となるように改変することも好ましい態様の一つである。
界面活性剤としては、非イオン界面活性剤、例えばソルビタンモノカプリレート、ソルビタンモノラウレート、ソルビタンモノパルミテート等のソルビタン脂肪酸エステル;グリセリンモノカプリレート、グリセリンモノミリテート、グリセリンモノステアレート等のグリセリン脂肪酸エステル;デカグリセリルモノステアレート、デカグリセリルジステアレート、デカグリセリルモノリノレート等のポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル;ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンモノラウレート、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンモノオレエート、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンモノステアレート、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンモノパルミテート、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタントリオレエート、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタントリステアレート等のポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル;ポリオキシエチレンソルビットテトラステアレート、ポリオキシエチレンソルビットテトラオレエート等のポリオキシエチレンソルビット脂肪酸エステル;ポリオキシエチレングリセリルモノステアレート等のポリオキシエチレングリセリン脂肪酸エステル;ポリエチレングリコールジステアレート等のポリエチレングリコール脂肪酸エステル;ポリオキシエチレンラウリルエーテル等のポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル;ポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレングリコールエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンプロピルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンセチルエーテル等のポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンアルキルエーテル;ポリオキシエチエレンノニルフェニルエーテル等のポリオキシエチレンアルキルフェニルエーテル;ポリオキシエチレンヒマシ油、ポリオキシエチレン硬化ヒマシ油(ポリオキシエチレン水素ヒマシ油)等のポリオキシエチレン硬化ヒマシ油;ポリオキシエチレンソルビットミツロウ等のポリオキシエチレンミツロウ誘導体;ポリオキシエチレンラノリン等のポリオキシエチレンラノリン誘導体;ポリオキシエチレンステアリン酸アミド等のポリオキシエチレン脂肪酸アミド等のHLB6〜18を有するもの;陰イオン界面活性剤、例えばセチル硫酸ナトリウム、ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム、オレイル硫酸ナトリウム等の炭素原子数10〜18のアルキル基を有するアルキル硫酸塩;ポリオキシエチレンラウリル硫酸ナトリウム等の、エチレンオキシドの平均付加モル数が2〜4でアルキル基の炭素原子数が10〜18であるポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル硫酸塩;ラウリルスルホコハク酸エステルナトリウム等の、アルキル基の炭素原子数が8〜18のアルキルスルホコハク酸エステル塩;天然系の界面活性剤、例えばレシチン、グリセロリン脂質;スフィンゴミエリン等のフィンゴリン脂質;炭素原子数12〜18の脂肪酸のショ糖脂肪酸エステル等を典型的例として挙げることができる。本発明の製剤には、これらの界面活性剤の1種または2種以上を組み合わせて添加することができる。
保存剤としては例えば、パラオキシ安息香酸メチル、パラオキシ安息香酸エチル、ソルビン酸、フェノール、クレゾール、クロロクレゾール等を挙げることができる。
好ましくは、本発明の抗体含有溶液製剤の粘度は、約2〜100mPa・s、さらに好ましくは約2〜50mPa・s、さらに好ましくは約4〜50mPa・s、さらに好ましくは約6〜50mPa・sである。ただし,ここで測定した本発明の粘度はコーンプレート型粘度計を用いた回転粘度計法(第15改正 日本薬局方 一般試験法 2.53 粘度測定法)で測定したものである。
また本願実施例から明らかなように、抗体等の蛋白質含有溶液の粘度が6mPa・s以上、好ましくは12mPa・s以上、さらに好ましくは20mPa・s以上、さらに好ましくは50mPa・s以上である場合、シリンジの針からキャップを外して短時間(10分以内)で針の目詰まり(Clogging)が生じることが判明した。従って、本発明のタンパク質溶液の粘度が6〜100mPa・s、好適には12〜100mPa・s、さらに好適には20〜100mPa・s、さらに好適には50〜100mPa・sである場合、本発明のシリンジキャップは必須となる。
蛋白質濃度が同じであっても、製剤中の抗体以外の成分の処方により、粘度が変化することがあり、粘度の上昇に伴いCloggingのリスクが上昇する。本発明のプレフィルドシリンジに封入される高濃度抗体溶液製剤の一態様として、抗体濃度が100〜300mg/mLで、粘度が6〜100mPa・s;抗体濃度が100〜300mg/mLで、粘度が12〜100mPa・s;抗体濃度が100〜300mg/mLで、粘度が20〜100mPa・s;抗体濃度が100〜300mg/mLで、粘度が50〜100mPa・s;抗体濃度が120〜250mg/mLで、粘度が6〜100mPa・s;抗体濃度が120〜250mg/mLで、粘度が12〜100mPa・s;抗体濃度が120〜250mg/mLで、粘度が20〜100mPa・s;抗体濃度が120〜250mg/mLで、粘度が50〜100mPa・s;抗体濃度が150〜200mg/mLで、粘度が6〜100mPa・s;抗体濃度が150〜200mg/mLで、粘度が12〜100mPa・s;抗体濃度が150〜200mg/mLで、粘度が20〜100mPa・s;抗体濃度が150〜200mg/mLで、粘度が50〜100mPa・sである溶液製剤が挙げられる。
透湿性が極めて低いゴムキャップ(材質:クロロブチルゴム)を装着して放射線(25kGy)滅菌した27G針付COP製シリンジ(1ml規格)内に、無菌的に抗体含有溶液(トシリツマブ:180mg/mL、緩衝剤:20mmol/Lヒスチジン、安定化剤:100mmol/Lアルギニン及び30mmol/Lメチオニン、界面活性剤:0.2mg/mL ポリソルベート80、pH 6.0、粘度:約8mPa/s) 0.9mlを充填、ストッパーで打栓し、低湿度保存下(40度6カ月、25度6カ月及び5度24カ月まで)保管後のClogging評価を実施した。
各試料をオートグラフの所定位置にセットし,あらかじめオートグラフに固定した注射針付きシリンジに対する排出操作を行い,プランジャーストッパーにかかる負荷を排出速度100mm/minの条件で測定した。Cloggingの定義は,試料排出時に排出されない、あるいは通常の排出と比較し,負荷応力が異常な高値を示したものをCloggingと判断した。
低湿度保存下(40度6カ月、25度6カ月及び5度24カ月まで)において、以下表の通りCloggingが発生しないことを確認した。一方で、透湿性のあるゴムキャップを用いた場合、40℃-8%RHの4weeks保管品で100%(3/3)のCloggingが認められた。
蛋白質濃度が同じであっても、粘度の違いによってCloggingの発生頻度が変化する可能性を検証すべく、蛋白質濃度が同じで粘度が異なる2種類の抗体含有溶液を調製し、Cloggingの発生頻度を比較した。使用した抗体(Mab1)は、WO 2009/041621に記載された抗IL-6レセプター抗体(WO2011/090088中でもMab1と称する)である。当該抗体のアミノ酸配列はH鎖/配列番号:1、L鎖/配列番号:2で表され、これらの配列はWO2011/090088に記載されている。
抗体濃度は180mg/mLとし、処方は20mmol/Lヒスチジン、140mmol/Lアルギニン、アスパラギン酸(適量)、pH 6.0(試料A),または,20mmol/Lヒスチジン、20mmol/Lアルギニン、アスパラギン酸及び塩酸(適量)、pH 6.0(試料B)とした。
粘度評価方法
EMS粘度計(京都電子)(J Artif Organs. 16:359-367 (2013))にて各試料の粘度h (mPa×s)を測定した。実験温度は25℃とした。測定結果を表2に記す。
Clogging評価方法
27G針付COP製シリンジ(1ml規格)に各抗体含有溶液を1.0ml充填し、ストッパーで打栓した。針内を抗体含有溶液で満たした状態でゴムキャップを装着せずに室温にて0分、10分、30分、及び60分放置した各試料をオートグラフの所定位置にセットし、排出速度100mm/minの条件でプランジャーストッパーにかかる負荷を測定した。Cloggingの定義は、試料排出時に排出されない、あるいは通常の排出と比較し、負荷応力が異常な高値を示したものをCloggingと判断した。各タイムポイントにつきN=3で測定し、Cloggingの発生頻度を求めた。測定結果を表2に記す。
評価結果
蛋白質濃度が同じであっても、粘度の上昇に伴いCloggingのリスクが上昇することが確認された。
Claims (12)
- 蛋白質溶液を封入した針付プレフィルドシリンジ製剤であって、
(ア)当該針に、5℃で0.1 g/m2・Day以下、または25℃で0.2 g/m2・Day以下、または40℃で0.2 g/m2・Day以下である水蒸気透過性の値を有する素材で形成されたキャップを具備すること、ここで該キャップの素材はブチルゴムであること;および
(イ)蛋白質溶液が、当該蛋白質を80mg/ml以上含む溶液であること
を特徴とする、プレフィルドシリンジ製剤。 - ブチルゴムが、ノルマルブチルゴムまたはハロゲン化ブチルゴムである、請求項1記載のプレフィルドシリンジ製剤。
- 注射器本体が樹脂製である、請求項1または2に記載のプレフィルドシリンジ製剤。
- 注射器本体がシクロオレフィン系の樹脂製である、請求項3記載のプレフィルドシリンジ製剤。
- シクロオレフィン系の樹脂がCOPまたはCOCである、請求項4記載のプレフィルドシリンジ製剤。
- 蛋白質溶液が、当該蛋白質を100mg/ml以上含む溶液である、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載のプレフィルドシリンジ製剤。
- 蛋白質溶液の粘度が2〜100mPa・sである、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載のプレフィルドシリンジ製剤。
- 蛋白質が抗体である、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載のプレフィルドシリンジ製剤。
- 抗体が抗IL6受容体抗体である、請求項8記載のプレフィルドシリンジ製剤。
- 抗体がトシリツマブである、請求項9記載のプレフィルドシリンジ製剤。
- 抗体が、配列番号:1の配列を有する重鎖および配列番号:2の配列を有する軽鎖を含む抗体である、請求項9記載のプレフィルドシリンジ製剤。
- 以下の工程を含む、蛋白質溶液を封入した針付プレフィルドシリンジ製剤の製造方法:1)針に、5℃で0.1 g/m2・Day以下、または25℃で0.2 g/m2・Day以下、または40℃で0.2 g/m2・Day以下である水蒸気透過性の値を有する素材で形成されたキャップを具備した針付シリンジを放射線または電子線で滅菌する工程;
2)無菌的に、当該針付シリンジに蛋白質溶液を封入する工程、ここで蛋白質溶液は、当該蛋白質を80mg/ml以上含む溶液である。
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