JP6692480B1 - 化成処理鋼板 - Google Patents
化成処理鋼板 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6692480B1 JP6692480B1 JP2019113076A JP2019113076A JP6692480B1 JP 6692480 B1 JP6692480 B1 JP 6692480B1 JP 2019113076 A JP2019113076 A JP 2019113076A JP 2019113076 A JP2019113076 A JP 2019113076A JP 6692480 B1 JP6692480 B1 JP 6692480B1
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- chemical conversion
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- oxo acid
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- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 176
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 201
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 201
- 150000004715 keto acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 27
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
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- 238000007545 Vickers hardness test Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
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- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium nitrate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/12—Aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/60—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using alkaline aqueous solutions with pH greater than 8
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/68—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous solutions with pH between 6 and 8
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/82—After-treatment
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Abstract
Description
始めに、本発明者らの見出した知見の概要について説明すれば以下のとおりである。
図1は、本発明の一態様における化成処理鋼板を模式的に示す断面図である。図1に示すように、本実施形態における化成処理鋼板1は、基材鋼板11の表面にZn系めっき層12を有するZn系めっき鋼板10と、Zn系めっき層12の表面(すなわちZn系めっき鋼板10の表面)上に形成された化成処理皮膜20と、を有する。
本発明の一態様において、化成処理の対象となる原板(化成処理原板)は、耐食性に優れるZn系めっき鋼板10が使用される。本実施形態における「Zn系めっき鋼板」とは、基材鋼板11の表面にZn系めっき層12を有するめっき鋼板を意味する。
化成処理皮膜20は、Zn系めっき鋼板10の耐食性を向上させるための膜である。本明細書における「耐食性」とは、平坦部耐食性および加工部耐食性の両方を含む。「加工部耐食性」とは、化成処理鋼板1における、化成処理鋼板1を変形させる加工(例えば、曲げ加工)を施した部分(加工部)の耐食性であって、本願明細書では、特に180°曲げ加工のような厳しい曲げ加工を施した場合における加工部の耐食性である。「平坦部耐食性」とは、化成処理鋼板1における、上記加工部以外の部分の耐食性である。
金属酸化物ポリマー25における基本構造部26は、化成処理液に含まれる特定4族金属オキソ酸塩に由来して形成される。特定4族金属オキソ酸塩は、緻密な化成処理皮膜を形成するための成分であり、化成処理鋼板1の耐食性を向上させる。4族金属は、特に限定されるものではなく、チタン(Ti)、ジルコニウム(Zr)、またはハフニウム(Hf)を用いることができる。
金属酸化物ポリマー25における異種構造部30は、化成処理液に含まれる特定のオキソ酸を含む塩に由来するアニオン種31と、特定4族金属Mとが結合した塩として形成される。異種構造部30は、金属酸化物ポリマー25の立体構造における1つの末端基を形成しており、アニオン種31は、特定4族金属Mとのみ結合している。
本実施形態における化成処理皮膜20は、上記のような異種構造部30が存在するとともに、特定4族金属オキソ酸塩と、5族金属オキソ酸塩または6族金属オキソ酸塩とが重合することにより、金属酸化物ポリマー25の一部として、5族金属または6族金属を含んでいてもよい。換言すれば、5族金属または6族金属が、金属酸化物ポリマー25に含まれる特定4族金属Mの一部を置換して、金属酸化物ポリマー25中に存在してもよい。この場合、金属酸化物ポリマー25中に、基本構造部26とは大きさの異なる5族金属または6族金属のモノマーユニットが存在し、本明細書において該モノマーユニットを第2の異種構造部と称する。
また、化成処理鋼板1の製造に用いられる化成処理液は1族金属を含んでいてもよく、この場合、化成処理皮膜20は1族金属を含む。1族金属は、1族金属のリン酸化合物、またはその他の化合物(例えば、水酸化物)として化成処理液に添加されてもよい。
なお、化成処理鋼板1は、化成処理皮膜20とZn系めっき鋼板10との密着性を低下させず、本実施形態における化成処理鋼板1の効果を妨げない程度の量であれば、加工時の潤滑性を付与するために化成処理皮膜20中にワックスまたは有機樹脂を含んでいてもよい。
本実施形態の化成処理鋼板1の製造に用いられる化成処理液に含有される、特定4族金属オキソ酸塩等のモル比について説明すれば、以下のとおりである。
本実施形態の化成処理鋼板1は、化成処理皮膜20の硬度が、70HV0.01以上200HV0.01以下(ビッカース硬さ)である。このビッカース硬さは、化成処理鋼板の表面について、JIS Z 2244で規定されたビッカース硬さ試験方法に準じて測定した値である。
以下、本発明の一態様における化成処理鋼板1の製造方法(以下、単に「本製造方法」と称することがある)について、図5を用いて説明する。本製造方法の説明と併せて、化成処理液の調製についても説明する。
本実施形態における化成処理鋼板1は、Zn系めっき鋼板10の表面に化成処理皮膜20が形成されていたが、これに限定されない。例えば、Zn系めっき層12は、基材鋼板11の表面に施された別種のめっき層(例えばAl系めっき層)の上層に形成されていてもよい。すなわち、本発明の他の一態様における化成処理鋼板は、化成処理原板として複層めっき鋼板を用いて製造されてもよい。
本発明は上述した実施形態に限定されるものではなく、請求項に示した範囲で種々の変更が可能であり、上記説明において開示された技術的手段を適宜組み合わせて得られる実施形態についても本発明の技術的範囲に含まれる。
化成処理鋼板に対して、グロー放電発光分光分析装置(SPECTRUMA ANALYTIK GmbH社製;GDA750)により、化成処理皮膜中に存在する金属元素を特定した。
作製した化成処理鋼板に対して、光電子分光分析装置(株式会社 島津製作所/KRATOS社製;ESCA−3400)を用いてX線源MgKαにて分析した。4族金属(例えば、Zr)の結合エネルギーに起因するXPSスペクトルを測定した。そして、化成処理皮膜におけるマトリックス中の基本構造部を形成している4族金属の結合エネルギーに起因するピーク面積と、アニオン種と結合して異種構造部を形成している4族金属の結合エネルギーに起因するピーク面積とを算出した。これにより、化成処理皮膜中に含まれる4族金属の中で、基本構造部を形成している4族金属の原子比率、および、アニオン種と結合して異種構造部30を形成している4族金属の原子比率を算出した。算出結果の一例としては、図4を参照することができる。
化成処理鋼板1〜27に対して、以下のように耐食性試験を行った。まず、化成処理鋼板の70mm×150mmの試験片の端面をシールし、JIS Z2371に準拠して塩水噴霧試験を120時間行った。次に、試験片の表面に発生した白錆を観察した。表3に、耐食性試験の結果を示す。本耐食性試験では、白錆の発生面積率が5%以下の場合は「◎」、5%より大きく10%以下の場合は「○」、10%より大きく30%未満の場合は「△」、30%以上の場合は「×」と評価し、「△」以上を合格とした。
加工部の腐食試験では、JIS Z2248に準拠して、内側半径1mmになるように試験片を180度曲げ加工した後、同様な塩水噴霧を24時間継続した。そして、加工部表面に発生した白錆の面積を測定し、加工部表面に占める白錆の面積率が5%以下を「◎」、5〜10%を「○」、10〜30%を「△」、30〜50%を「黒塗り△」、50%以上を「×」として加工部の耐食性を評価し、「黒塗り△」以上を合格とした。
10 Zn系めっき鋼板
11 基材鋼板
12 Zn系めっき層
20 化成処理皮膜
Claims (9)
- 基材鋼板の表面にZn系めっき層を有するZn系めっき鋼板と、
前記Zn系めっき層の表面上に形成された化成処理皮膜と、を有し、
前記化成処理皮膜において、少なくとも1種の4族金属オキソ酸の重合体である金属酸化物ポリマーによって形成されたマトリックスの一部として、(i)前記4族金属オキソ酸が有する4族金属と(ii)特定のオキソ酸とが結合した塩が、前記マトリックス中に分散して存在しており、
前記特定のオキソ酸は、リン酸、硫酸、硝酸、5族金属オキソ酸、または6族金属オキソ酸(但しCrオキソ酸を除く)であることを特徴とする化成処理鋼板。 - 前記化成処理皮膜は、JIS Z 2244で規定されたビッカース硬さ試験方法に準じて測定されたビッカース硬さが70HV0.01以上200HV0.01以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の化成処理鋼板。
- 前記化成処理皮膜中に含まれる前記4族金属のうち、前記金属酸化物ポリマーの基本構造を形成している前記4族金属の原子比率をX、前記特定のオキソ酸と結合して前記塩を形成している前記4族金属の原子比率をYとすると、
前記化成処理皮膜は、Y/(X+Y)=0.1〜0.6であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の化成処理鋼板。 - 前記4族金属は、Zrであることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の化成処理鋼板。
- 前記特定のオキソ酸がリン酸であり、
前記化成処理皮膜は、前記マトリックス中に、さらに、5族金属オキソ酸および6族金属オキソ酸(但しCrオキソ酸を除く)の少なくとも一方を含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の化成処理鋼板。 - 前記化成処理皮膜は、1族金属をさらに含有することを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の化成処理鋼板。
- 前記化成処理皮膜は、前記マトリックス中に、さらに、前記4族金属以外の金属のリン酸塩を含有することを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の化成処理鋼板。
- 前記特定のオキソ酸が、5族金属オキソ酸および6族金属オキソ酸(但しCrオキソ酸を除く)の少なくとも一方であることを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の化成処理鋼板。
- 前記Zn系めっき層は、Znを40質量%以上含有することを特徴とする請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の化成処理鋼板。
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JP2004292879A (ja) * | 2003-03-26 | 2004-10-21 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | 亜鉛系めっき鋼板の後処理方法 |
JP2010248600A (ja) * | 2009-04-20 | 2010-11-04 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | 表面処理鋼板、表面処理鋼板の製造方法、およびその鋼板から得られた筐体 |
JP2013133527A (ja) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-07-08 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corp | 加工後耐食性と耐劣化燃料性とに優れた亜鉛系めっき鋼板 |
WO2016203703A1 (ja) * | 2015-06-15 | 2016-12-22 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 表面処理亜鉛系めっき鋼板およびその製造方法 |
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JP2004292879A (ja) * | 2003-03-26 | 2004-10-21 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | 亜鉛系めっき鋼板の後処理方法 |
JP2010248600A (ja) * | 2009-04-20 | 2010-11-04 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | 表面処理鋼板、表面処理鋼板の製造方法、およびその鋼板から得られた筐体 |
JP2013133527A (ja) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-07-08 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corp | 加工後耐食性と耐劣化燃料性とに優れた亜鉛系めっき鋼板 |
WO2016203703A1 (ja) * | 2015-06-15 | 2016-12-22 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 表面処理亜鉛系めっき鋼板およびその製造方法 |
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