JP6612284B2 - ブリルアン及びレイリー分布センサ - Google Patents
ブリルアン及びレイリー分布センサ Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/30—Testing of optical devices, constituted by fibre optics or optical waveguides
- G01M11/31—Testing of optical devices, constituted by fibre optics or optical waveguides with a light emitter and a light receiver being disposed at the same side of a fibre or waveguide end-face, e.g. reflectometers
- G01M11/3181—Reflectometers dealing with polarisation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
- G01D5/35338—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using other arrangements than interferometer arrangements
- G01D5/35354—Sensor working in reflection
- G01D5/35358—Sensor working in reflection using backscattering to detect the measured quantity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
- G01D5/35338—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using other arrangements than interferometer arrangements
- G01D5/35354—Sensor working in reflection
- G01D5/35358—Sensor working in reflection using backscattering to detect the measured quantity
- G01D5/35361—Sensor working in reflection using backscattering to detect the measured quantity using elastic backscattering to detect the measured quantity, e.g. using Rayleigh backscattering
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
- G01D5/35338—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using other arrangements than interferometer arrangements
- G01D5/35354—Sensor working in reflection
- G01D5/35358—Sensor working in reflection using backscattering to detect the measured quantity
- G01D5/35364—Sensor working in reflection using backscattering to detect the measured quantity using inelastic backscattering to detect the measured quantity, e.g. using Brillouin or Raman backscattering
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/30—Testing of optical devices, constituted by fibre optics or optical waveguides
- G01M11/31—Testing of optical devices, constituted by fibre optics or optical waveguides with a light emitter and a light receiver being disposed at the same side of a fibre or waveguide end-face, e.g. reflectometers
- G01M11/3109—Reflectometers detecting the back-scattered light in the time-domain, e.g. OTDR
- G01M11/3127—Reflectometers detecting the back-scattered light in the time-domain, e.g. OTDR using multiple or wavelength variable input source
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/30—Testing of optical devices, constituted by fibre optics or optical waveguides
- G01M11/31—Testing of optical devices, constituted by fibre optics or optical waveguides with a light emitter and a light receiver being disposed at the same side of a fibre or waveguide end-face, e.g. reflectometers
- G01M11/3172—Reflectometers detecting the back-scattered light in the frequency-domain, e.g. OFDR, FMCW, heterodyne detection
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
- G01K11/322—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres using Brillouin scattering
Description
Claims (18)
- 第1レーザビームを放射する第1レーザ源を備え、
第2レーザビームを放射する第2レーザ源を備え、
前記第1レーザビームと前記第2レーザビームとの間のビート周波数を取得するフォトダイオードを備え、ここで、前記ビート周波数は前記第1レーザビームと前記第2レーザビームとの間に所定のオフセット周波数シフトを維持するために使用され、前記所定のオフセット周波数シフトは前記第1レーザビーム又は前記第2レーザビームの何れかの所定の周波数に対して規定されたものであり、
前記第1レーザビームを変調する変調器を備え、ここで、変調された第1レーザビームは測定対象物(DUT)に注入されるものであり、且つ
前記DUTからの後方散乱信号を収集するコヒーレント受信機を備え、ここで、前記後方散乱信号は前記DUTに注入された前記変調された第1レーザビームから生じ、前記コヒーレント受信機は、前記第2レーザビームを局部発振器として用いて前記第1レーザビームと前記第2レーザビームとの間の前記既定のオフセット周波数シフトに基づいて前記DUTと関連するブリルアン及びレイリートレースを決定するために使用するものであり、
前記コヒーレント受信機は、前記後方散乱信号を受信し、前記後方散乱信号を2つの異なる偏光状態に分割する偏光ビームスプリッタ(PBS)を更に有し、前記DUTに関する前記ブリルアン及びレイリートレースを決定するために、前記後方散乱信号の第1偏光状態に対応する分割部分が第1偏光状態の前記第2レーザビームと混合され、且つ、前記後方散乱信号の第2偏光状態に対応する分割部分が第2偏光状態の前記第2レーザビームと混合される、
ブリルアン及びレイリー分布センサ。 - 前記ブリルアントレースを決定するための前記所定のオフセット周波数シフトは約10.8GHzである、請求項1記載のブリルアン及びレイリー分布センサ。
- 前記ブリルアントレースを決定するための前記所定のオフセット周波数シフトは約10.0GHz〜約13.0GHzの範囲内から選択される、請求項1記載のブリルアン及びレイリー分布センサ。
- 前記レイリートレースを決定するための前記所定のオフセット周波数シフトは約100.0KHz〜約1.0GHzの範囲内から選択される、請求項1記載のブリルアン及びレイリー分布センサ。
- 前記DUTは光ファイバである、請求項1記載のブリルアン及びレイリー分布センサ。
- 第1レーザビームと第2レーザビームの間に所定のオフセット周波数シフトを維持するステップで、前記所定のオフセット周波数シフトが前記第1レーザビーム又は前記第2レーザビームの何れかの所定の周波数に対して規定される、ステップと、
前記第1レーザビームを変調するステップで、変調された第1レーザビームは測定対象物(DUT)に注入される、ステップと、
前記DUTから後方散乱信号を収集するステップで、前記後方散乱信号は前記DUTに注入された前記変調された第1レーザビームから生じ、前記第2レーザビームは局部発振器として使用される、ステップと、
前記後方散乱信号を受信し、前記後方散乱信号を2つの異なる偏光状態に分割することによって、前記DUTから収集した後方散乱信号に基づいて、前記DUTのブリルアントレース及びレイリートレースを決定し、前記DUTに関する前記ブリルアン及びレイリートレースを決定するために、前記後方散乱信号の第1偏光状態に対応する分割部分が第1偏光状態の前記第2レーザビームと混合され、且つ、前記後方散乱信号の第2偏光状態に対応する分割部分が第2偏光状態の前記第2レーザビームと混合されるステップと、
を備える、ブリルアントレース及びレイリートレースを決定する方法。 - 請求項6記載の方法において、更に、
前記DUTからの前記後方散乱信号の収集を複数の周波数シフトに対して反復するステップと、
前記複数の周波数シフトに対応する前記反復収集及び前記DUTからの後方散乱信号の収集に基づいて、分布ブリルアンスペクトルをサンプリングするステップと、
前記分布ブリルアンスペクトルのサンプリングに基づいて、前記DUTに沿う共振ブリルアン周波数シフトを決定するステップと、
を備える、ブリルアントレース及びレイリートレースを決定する方法。 - 請求項7記載の方法において、前記ブリルアントレースを決定するための前記所定のオフセット周波数シフトは約10.8GHzである、ブリルアントレース及びレイリートレースを決定する方法。
- 請求項7記載の方法において、更に、
前記第1レーザビーム及び前記第2レーザビームを前記2つのレーザビームの間に異なる所定のオフセット周波数シフトを維持した状態で波長範囲に亘ってスキャンするステップと、
前記異なる所定のオフセット周波数シフトと関連する前記第1レーザビームを更に変調するステップで、更に変調された第1レーザ信号は前記DUTに注入されるステップと、
前記DUTからの更なる後方散乱信号を更に収集するステップで、前記更なる後方散乱信号は前記DUTに注入された前記更に変調された第1レーザビームに基づくものであり、前記第2レーザビームが前記局部発振器として使用される、ステップと、
前記DUTからの前記更なる収集後方散乱信号に基づいて、前記DUTのレイリートレースを決定するステップと、
を備える、ブリルアントレース及びレイリートレースを決定する方法。 - 請求項8記載の方法において、更に、
前記第1レーザビーム及び前記第2レーザビームを前記2つのレーザビームの間に異なる所定のオフセット周波数シフトを維持した状態で波長範囲に亘ってスキャンするステップと、
前記異なる所定のオフセット周波数シフトと関連する前記第1レーザビームを更に変調するステップで、更に変調された第1レーザ信号は前記DUTに注入されるステップと、
前記DUTからの更なる後方散乱信号を更に収集するステップで、前記更なる後方散乱信号は前記DUTに注入された前記更に変調された第1レーザビームに起因し、前記第2レーザビームが前記局部発振器として使用される、ステップと、
前記DUTからの前記更なる収集後方散乱信号に基づいて、前記DUTのレイリートレースを決定するステップで、前記レイリートレースは前記DUTに沿うレイリーパワー対時間又は距離を表す、ステップと、
前記DUTに沿う前記積分ブリルアンパワー、前記レイリーパワー及び前記共振ブリルアン周波数シフトに基づいて、前記DUTと関連する温度及び歪みを決定するステップと、
を備える、ブリルアントレース及びレイリートレースを決定する方法。 - 請求項6記載の方法において、前記DUTは光ファイバである、ブリルアントレース及びレイリートレースを決定する方法。
- 請求項6記載の方法において、前記ブリルアントレースを決定するための前記所定のオフセット周波数シフトは約10.8GHzである、ブリルアントレース及びレイリートレースを決定する方法。
- 請求項6記載の方法において、前記ブリルアントレースを決定するための前記所定のオフセット周波数シフトは約10.0GHz〜約13.0GHzの範囲内から選択される、ブリルアントレース及びレイリートレースを決定する方法。
- 第1レーザビーム及び第2レーザビームを前記2つのレーザビームの間に所定のオフセット周波数シフトを維持した状態で波長範囲に亘ってスキャンするステップで、前記所定のオフセット周波数シフトが前記第1レーザビーム又は前記第2レーザビームの何れかの所定の周波数に対して規定される、ステップと、
前記第1レーザビームを変調するステップで、変調された第1レーザビームは測定対象物(DUT)に注入される、ステップと、
前記DUTからの後方散乱信号を収集するステップで、前記後方散乱信号は前記DUTに注入された前記変調された第1レーザビームから生じ、前記第2レーザビームが前記局部発振器として使用される、ステップと、
前記DUTからの前記収集後方散乱信号に基づいて、前記DUTのレイリートレースを決定するステップと、
前記第1レーザビームと前記第2レーザビームの間に異なる所定のオフセット周波数を維持するステップと、
前記異なる所定のオフセット周波数シフトと関連する前記第1レーザビームを更に変調するステップで、更に変調された第1レーザ信号は前記DUTに注入されるステップと、
前記DUTからの更なる後方散乱信号を更に収集するステップで、前記更なる後方散乱信号は前記DUTに注入された前記更に変調された第1レーザビームから生じ、前記第2レーザビームが前記局部発振器として使用される、ステップと、
前記DUTからの前記更なる収集後方散乱信号に基づいて、前記DUTのブリルアントレースを決定するステップと、
前記ブリルアントレースに基づいて、前記DUTと関連するブリルアンパワーを決定するステップと、
を備える、ブリルアントレース及びレイリートレースを決定する方法。 - 請求項14記載の方法において、更に、
前記DUTからの前記後方散乱信号の収集を前記所定のオフセット周波数シフトに対して反復するステップと、
前記第1レーザビーム及び前記第2レーザビームを前記2つのレーザビームの間に所定のオフセット周波数シフトを維持した状態で波長範囲に亘ってスキャンする間、前記所定のオフセット周波数シフトに対して反復された前記DUTからの前記後方散乱信号の収集を平均化してコヒーレントフェージング雑音を低減するステップと、
を備える、ブリルアントレース及びレイリートレースを決定する方法。 - 請求項14記載の方法において、前記所定のオフセット周波数シフトは約100.0KHz〜約1.0GHzの範囲から選択される、ブリルアントレース及びレイリートレースを決定する方法。
- 請求項14記載の方法において、前記DUTは光ファイバである、ブリルアントレース及びレイリートレースを決定する方法。
- 請求項14記載の方法において、前記レイリートレースは前記DUTに沿うレイリーパワー対時間又は距離を表し、更に、
前記DUTと関連するパワー変動を除去するために前記ブリルアンパワーを前記レイリーパワーに対して正規化するステップと、
前記正規化したブリルアンパワー及び前記DUTに沿う共振ブリルアン周波数シフトに基づいて、前記DUTと関連する温度及び歪みを決定するステップと、
を備える、ブリルアントレース及びレイリートレースを決定する方法。
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