JP6545616B2 - 水銀を除去する吸着剤 - Google Patents
水銀を除去する吸着剤 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6545616B2 JP6545616B2 JP2015516277A JP2015516277A JP6545616B2 JP 6545616 B2 JP6545616 B2 JP 6545616B2 JP 2015516277 A JP2015516277 A JP 2015516277A JP 2015516277 A JP2015516277 A JP 2015516277A JP 6545616 B2 JP6545616 B2 JP 6545616B2
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- calcium
- mercury
- magnesium
- ammonium
- bromide
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
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- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
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- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
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- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/64—Heavy metals or compounds thereof, e.g. mercury
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Description
本出願書類は、2012年6月11日に提出された標題「水銀を除去する吸着剤」である米国仮出願第61/658,258号、および2013年3月15日に提出された標題「水銀を除去する吸着剤」である米国特許出願第13/841,315号の優先権を請求するものであり、その全内容はこの参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
この出願の発明に関連する先行技術文献情報としては、以下のものがある(国際出願日以降国際段階で引用された文献及び他国に国内移行した際に引用された文献を含む)。
(先行技術文献)
(特許文献)
(特許文献1) 米国特許第1,984,164号明細書
(特許文献2) 米国特許第3,194,629号明細書
(特許文献3) 米国特許第4,196,173号明細書
(特許文献4) 米国特許第4,491,609号明細書
(特許文献5) 米国特許第4,500,327号明細書
(特許文献6) 米国特許第4,708,853号明細書
(特許文献7) 米国特許第5,019,162号明細書
(特許文献8) 米国特許第5,064,805号明細書
(特許文献9) 米国特許第5,187,141号明細書
(特許文献10) 米国特許第5,336,835号明細書
(特許文献11) 米国特許第5,435,980号明細書
(特許文献12) 米国特許第5,695,726号明細書
(特許文献13) 米国特許第5,726,118号明細書
(特許文献14) 米国特許第6,589,318号明細書
(特許文献15) 米国特許第6,638,347号明細書
(特許文献16) 米国特許第6,719,828号明細書
(特許文献17) 米国特許第6,808,692号明細書
(特許文献18) 米国特許第6,818,043号明細書
(特許文献19) 米国特許第6,848,374号明細書
(特許文献20) 米国特許第6,878,358号明細書
(特許文献21) 米国特許第6,953,494号明細書
(特許文献22) 米国特許第6,960,329号明細書
(特許文献23) 米国特許第7,404,940号明細書
(特許文献24) 米国特許第7,435,286号明細書
(特許文献25) 米国特許第7,514,052号明細書
(特許文献26) 米国特許第8,080,088号明細書
(特許文献27) 米国特許第8,168,147号明細書
(特許文献28) 米国特許第8,309,046号明細書
(特許文献29) 米国特許出願公開第2004/0003716号明細書
(特許文献30) 米国特許出願公開第2004/0013589号明細書
(特許文献31) 米国特許出願公開第2004/0074391号明細書
(特許文献32) 米国特許出願公開第2004/0244657号明細書
(特許文献33) 米国特許出願公開第2005/0039598号明細書
(特許文献34) 米国特許出願公開第2005/0147549号明細書
(特許文献35) 米国特許出願公開第2006/0051270号明細書
(特許文献36) 米国特許出願公開第2006/0048646号明細書
(特許文献37) 米国特許出願公開第2006/0090646号明細書
(特許文献38) 米国特許出願公開第2006/0204418号明細書
(特許文献39) 米国特許出願公開第2006/0205592号明細書
(特許文献40) 米国特許出願公開第2007/0122327号明細書
(特許文献41) 米国特許出願公開第2007/0180990号明細書
(特許文献42) 米国特許出願公開第2007/0234902号明細書
(特許文献43) 米国特許出願公開第2008/0134888号明細書
(特許文献44) 米国特許出願公開第2008/0274874号明細書
(特許文献45) 米国特許出願公開第2009/0010828号明細書
(特許文献46) 米国特許出願公開第2009/0007785号明細書
(特許文献47) 米国特許出願公開第2009/0136401号明細書
(特許文献48) 米国特許出願公開第2012/0100053号明細書
(特許文献49) 米国特許出願公開第2012/0183458号明細書
(特許文献50) 米国特許出願公開第2010/0025302号明細書
(特許文献51) 米国特許出願公開第2011/0076210号明細書
(特許文献52) 米国特許第8,057,576号明細書
(特許文献53) 米国特許出願公開第2009/0081092号明細書
(特許文献54) 米国特許出願公開第2007/0234902号明細書
(特許文献55) 独国特許発明第588531号明細書4
(特許文献56) 特開昭49−53591号公報
(特許文献57) 特開昭49−53592号公報
(特許文献58) 欧州特許出願公開第0289809号明細書
(特許文献59) 国際公開第2007/112248号
(特許文献60) 国際公開第2011/127323号
(特許文献61) 国際公開第2012/030560号
(特許文献62) カナダ国特許出願公開第2036746号明細書
(特許文献63) 国際公開第03/093518号
(非特許文献)
(非特許文献1) GLEISER et al.,"Control of Mercury from MSW Combustors by Spray Dryer Absorption Systems and Activated Carbon Injection",Proceedings of an International Specialty Conference,Williamsburg,Virginia,March 1993.
(非特許文献2) GRANITE et al.,"Novel Sorbents for Mercury Removal from Flue Gas",Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research (April 2000),39(4):1020−1029.
(非特許文献3) Office of Inspector General,Evaluation Report: Additional Analyses of Mercury Emissions Needed Before EPA Finalizes Rules for Coal−Fired Electric Utilities,Report No.2005−P−00003,February 3,2005,pp.1−54.
(非特許文献4) WHITE et al."Parametric Evaluation of Powdered Activated Carbon Injection for Control of Mercury Emissions from a Municipal Waste Combustor,"Paper No.92−40.06,1992 Annual Meeting,Air and Waste Management Association,Kansas City,Missouri,June 1992.
(非特許文献5) B−PACTM High Performance Mercury Sorbent,January 1,2004,retrieved from internet May 16,2014 at https://www.albermarle.com
(非特許文献6) FENG et al.,"Environmental Function Material,"Chemical Industry Press,page 136
(非特許文献7) European Search Report (Supplementary) for corresponding European Application No.13804633 dated February 8,2016
(非特許文献8) International Search Report dated October 11,2013 received for corresponding PCT/US2013/045061
(非特許文献9) YAN et al.,Bench−Scale Experimental Evaluation of Carbon Performance on Mercury Vapour Adsorption,pp.2401−2409 (2004); Fuel 83
(非特許文献10) GHORISHI et al.,An Experimental Study of Mercury Sorption by Activated Carbons and Calcium Hydroxide,pp.1−14 (1998),published paper 10/96−3−97; EPA,Office of Research and Development,Air Pollution Prevention & Control Division,presented at North American Waste to Energy Conference(April 1997)
(非特許文献11) MULLER et al.,Removal of Elemental Mercury from Bayer Stack Using Sulfur−Impregnated Activated Carbons,pp.133−142 (2012),Chemical Engineering Journal 211−212
(非特許文献12) LEE et al.,Gas−Phase Mercury removal by Carbon−Based Sorbents,pp.197−206 (2003),Fuel Processing Technology 84
(非特許文献13) LOU et al.,Stability of Mercury on Three Activated Carbon Sorbents,pp.679−685,(2006),Fuel Processing Technology 87
(非特許文献14) UDDIN et al.,Role of SO2 for Elemental Mercury Removal from Coal Combustion Flue Gas by Activated Carbon,pp.2284−2289(2008),Energy & Fuels,Vol.22,No.4
Claims (42)
- 500mg/cc〜650mg/ccの容積ヨウ素価を有する吸着物質を有する水銀吸着物質であって、前記吸着物質は、石炭に由来する活性炭であり、かつ約15μm未満の平均粒経(MPD)を有する、水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項1記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記平均粒経(MPD)は約12μm未満である水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項1記載の水銀吸着物質であって、さらに、1若しくはそれ以上の酸化剤を有する水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項3記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記1若しくはそれ以上の酸化剤は、塩素、臭素、ヨウ素、臭化アンモニウム、塩化アンモニウム、次亜塩素酸カルシウム、次亜臭素酸カルシウム、次亜ヨウ素酸カルシウム、塩化カルシウム、臭化カルシウム、ヨウ化カルシウム、塩化マグネシウム、臭化マグネシウム、ヨウ化マグネシウム、塩化ナトリウム、臭化ナトリウム、ヨウ化ナトリウム、三塩化カリウム、三臭化カリウム、三ヨウ化カリウム、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものである水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項3記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記1若しくはそれ以上の酸化剤は、全吸着物質の約5重量%〜約50重量%を有するものである水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項1記載の水銀吸着物質であって、さらに、1若しくはそれ以上の窒素供給源を有する水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項6記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記1若しくはそれ以上の窒素供給源は、アンモニウム含有化合物、アンモニア含有化合物、アミン含有化合物、アミド含有化合物、イミン含有化合物、第4級アンモニウム含有化合物、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものである水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項6記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記1若しくはそれ以上の窒素供給源は、ヨウ化アンモニウム、臭化アンモニウム、または塩化アンモニウム、アミンハロゲン化物、第4級アンモニウムハロゲン化物、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものである水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項6記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記1若しくはそれ以上の窒素供給源は、全吸着物質の約5重量%〜約50重量%を有するものである水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項1記載の水銀吸着物質であって、さらに、アルカリ性剤を有する水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項10記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記アルカリ性剤は、炭酸カルシウム、酸化カルシウム、水酸化カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、水酸化マグネシウム、酸化マグネシウム、炭酸ナトリウム、重炭酸ナトリウム、セスキ炭酸ナトリウム二水和物、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものである水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項10記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記アルカリ性剤は、吸着物質100グラムあたり約0.15当量またはそれ以上の濃度で提供されるものである水銀吸着物質。
- 水銀吸着物質であって、
500mg/cc〜650mg/ccの容積ヨウ素価を有する吸着物質であって、前記吸着物質が石炭に由来する活性炭であり、かつ約15μm未満の平均粒経(MPD)を有する、前記吸着物質と、
1若しくはそれ以上の酸化剤と、
1若しくはそれ以上の窒素供給源と
を有する水銀吸着物質。 - 請求項13記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記1若しくはそれ以上の酸化剤は、塩素、臭素、ヨウ素、臭化アンモニウム、塩化アンモニウム、次亜塩素酸カルシウム、次亜臭素酸カルシウム、次亜ヨウ素酸カルシウム、塩化カルシウム、臭化カルシウム、ヨウ化カルシウム、塩化マグネシウム、臭化マグネシウム、ヨウ化マグネシウム、塩化ナトリウム、臭化ナトリウム、ヨウ化ナトリウム、三塩化カリウム、三臭化カリウム、三ヨウ化カリウム、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものである水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項13記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記1若しくはそれ以上の窒素供給源は、ヨウ化アンモニウム、臭化アンモニウム、または塩化アンモニウム、アミンハロゲン化物、第4級アンモニウムハロゲン化物、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものである水銀吸着物質。
- 水銀吸着物質であって、
500mg/cc〜650mg/ccの容積ヨウ素価を有する吸着物質であって、前記吸着物質が石炭に由来する活性炭であり、かつ約15μm未満の平均粒経(MPD)を有する、前記吸着物質と、
1若しくはそれ以上の酸化剤と、
1若しくはそれ以上のアルカリ性剤と
を有する水銀吸着物質。 - 請求項16記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記1若しくはそれ以上の酸化剤は、塩素、臭素、ヨウ素、臭化アンモニウム、塩化アンモニウム、次亜塩素酸カルシウム、次亜臭素酸カルシウム、次亜ヨウ素酸カルシウム、塩化カルシウム、臭化カルシウム、ヨウ化カルシウム、塩化マグネシウム、臭化マグネシウム、ヨウ化マグネシウム、塩化ナトリウム、臭化ナトリウム、ヨウ化ナトリウム、三塩化カリウム、三臭化カリウム、三ヨウ化カリウム、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものである水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項16記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記アルカリ性剤は、炭酸カルシウム、酸化カルシウム、水酸化カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、水酸化マグネシウム、酸化マグネシウム、炭酸ナトリウム、重炭酸ナトリウム、セスキ炭酸ナトリウム二水和物、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものである水銀吸着物質。
- 燃焼排ガスから水銀を除去するシステムであって、前記システムは500mg/cc〜650mg/ccの容積ヨウ素価を有する吸着物質を有し、前記吸着物質は、石炭に由来する活性炭であり、かつ約15μm未満の平均粒経(MPD)を有するシステム。
- 請求項19記載のシステムにおいて、前記平均粒経(MPD)は約12μm未満であるシステム。
- 請求項19記載のシステムであって、さらに、1若しくはそれ以上の酸化剤を有するシステム。
- 請求項21記載のシステムにおいて、前記1若しくはそれ以上の酸化剤は、塩素、臭素、ヨウ素、臭化アンモニウム、塩化アンモニウム、次亜塩素酸カルシウム、次亜臭素酸カルシウム、次亜ヨウ素酸カルシウム、塩化カルシウム、臭化カルシウム、ヨウ化カルシウム、塩化マグネシウム、臭化マグネシウム、ヨウ化マグネシウム、塩化ナトリウム、臭化ナトリウム、ヨウ化ナトリウム、三塩化カリウム、三臭化カリウム、三ヨウ化カリウム、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものであるシステム。
- 請求項21記載のシステムにおいて、前記1若しくはそれ以上の酸化剤は、全吸着物質の約5重量%〜約50重量%を有するものであるシステム。
- 請求項19記載のシステムであって、さらに、1若しくはそれ以上の窒素供給源を有するシステム。
- 請求項24記載のシステムにおいて、前記1若しくはそれ以上の窒素供給源は、アンモニウム含有化合物、アンモニア含有化合物、アミン含有化合物、アミド含有化合物、イミン含有化合物、第4級アンモニウム含有化合物、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものであるシステム。
- 請求項24記載のシステムにおいて、前記1若しくはそれ以上の窒素供給源は、ヨウ化アンモニウム、臭化アンモニウム、または塩化アンモニウム、アミンハロゲン化物、第4級アンモニウムハロゲン化物、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものであるシステム。
- 請求項24記載のシステムにおいて、前記1若しくはそれ以上の窒素供給源は、全吸着物質の約5重量%〜約50重量%を有するものであるシステム。
- 請求項19記載のシステムであって、さらに、アルカリ性剤を有するシステム。
- 請求項28記載のシステムにおいて、前記アルカリ性剤は、炭酸カルシウム、酸化カルシウム、水酸化カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、水酸化マグネシウム、酸化マグネシウム、炭酸ナトリウム、重炭酸ナトリウム、セスキ炭酸ナトリウム二水和物、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものであるシステム。
- 請求項28記載のシステムにおいて、前記アルカリ性剤は、吸着物質100グラムあたり約0.15当量またはそれ以上の濃度で提供されるものであるシステム。
- 水銀を除去する方法であって、
500mg/cc〜650mg/ccの容積ヨウ素価を有する吸着物質を注入する工程を有し、前記吸着物質は、石炭に由来する活性炭であり、かつ約15μm未満の平均粒経(MPD)を有する方法。 - 請求項31記載の方法において、前記平均粒経(MPD)は約12μm未満である方法。
- 請求項31記載の方法であって、さらに、1若しくはそれ以上の酸化剤を有する方法。
- 請求項33記載の方法において、前記1若しくはそれ以上の酸化剤は、塩素、臭素、ヨウ素、臭化アンモニウム、塩化アンモニウム、次亜塩素酸カルシウム、次亜臭素酸カルシウム、次亜ヨウ素酸カルシウム、塩化カルシウム、臭化カルシウム、ヨウ化カルシウム、塩化マグネシウム、臭化マグネシウム、ヨウ化マグネシウム、塩化ナトリウム、臭化ナトリウム、ヨウ化ナトリウム、三塩化カリウム、三臭化カリウム、三ヨウ化カリウム、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものである方法。
- 請求項33記載の方法において、前記1若しくはそれ以上の酸化剤は、全吸着物質の約5重量%〜約50重量%を有するものである方法。
- 請求項31記載の方法であって、さらに、1若しくはそれ以上の窒素供給源を有する方法。
- 請求項36記載の方法において、前記1若しくはそれ以上の窒素供給源は、アンモニウム含有化合物、アンモニア含有化合物、アミン含有化合物、アミド含有化合物、イミン含有化合物、第4級アンモニウム含有化合物、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものである方法。
- 請求項36記載の方法において、前記1若しくはそれ以上の窒素供給源は、ヨウ化アンモニウム、臭化アンモニウム、または塩化アンモニウム、アミンハロゲン化物、第4級アンモニウムハロゲン化物、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものである方法。
- 請求項36記載の方法において、前記1若しくはそれ以上の窒素供給源は、全吸着物質の約5重量%〜約50重量%を有するものである方法。
- 請求項31記載の方法であって、さらに、アルカリ性剤を有する方法。
- 請求項40記載の方法において、前記アルカリ性剤は、炭酸カルシウム、酸化カルシウム、水酸化カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、水酸化マグネシウム、酸化マグネシウム、炭酸ナトリウム、重炭酸ナトリウム、セスキ炭酸ナトリウム二水和物、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものである方法。
- 請求項40記載の方法において、前記アルカリ性剤は、吸着物質100グラムあたり約0.15当量またはそれ以上の濃度で提供されるものである方法。
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AU2019204609A1 (en) | 2019-07-18 |
AU2013274508A1 (en) | 2015-01-22 |
CA2876269C (en) | 2021-04-06 |
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EP2858747B1 (en) | 2019-12-04 |
KR20150018874A (ko) | 2015-02-24 |
KR102217230B1 (ko) | 2021-02-18 |
EP2858747A1 (en) | 2015-04-15 |
EP2858747A4 (en) | 2016-03-09 |
CN107349902A (zh) | 2017-11-17 |
US20170080402A1 (en) | 2017-03-23 |
CN107349902B (zh) | 2021-03-02 |
CA2876269A1 (en) | 2013-12-19 |
MX371091B (es) | 2020-01-16 |
JP2015523911A (ja) | 2015-08-20 |
US20130330257A1 (en) | 2013-12-12 |
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