JP2015523911A - 水銀を除去する吸着剤 - Google Patents
水銀を除去する吸着剤 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2015523911A JP2015523911A JP2015516277A JP2015516277A JP2015523911A JP 2015523911 A JP2015523911 A JP 2015523911A JP 2015516277 A JP2015516277 A JP 2015516277A JP 2015516277 A JP2015516277 A JP 2015516277A JP 2015523911 A JP2015523911 A JP 2015523911A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- mercury
- calcium
- adsorbent
- ammonium
- magnesium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 118
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 84
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- -1 amine halide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 40
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 31
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium iodide Chemical compound [Na+].[I-] FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 24
- SWLVFNYSXGMGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium bromide Chemical compound [NH4+].[Br-] SWLVFNYSXGMGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 16
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 15
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical group [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- UNMYWSMUMWPJLR-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium iodide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[I-].[I-] UNMYWSMUMWPJLR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- DKNPRRRKHAEUMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iodine aqueous Chemical compound [K+].I[I-]I DKNPRRRKHAEUMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001622 calcium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- WGEFECGEFUFIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dibromide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Br-].[Br-] WGEFECGEFUFIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001640 calcium iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940046413 calcium iodide Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- XVDWMONETMNKBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dihypobromite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Br[O-].Br[O-] XVDWMONETMNKBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- OTCKOJUMXQWKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].[Br-] OTCKOJUMXQWKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001623 magnesium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- BLQJIBCZHWBKSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium iodide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[I-].[I-] BLQJIBCZHWBKSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001641 magnesium iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940020414 potassium triiodide Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000009518 sodium iodide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- SMTFLSSUAHATMA-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium;tribromide Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-] SMTFLSSUAHATMA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 8
- AKROLTGTPNCGRL-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium;trichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[K+].[K+].[K+] AKROLTGTPNCGRL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 8
- XZXYQEHISUMZAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)methyl]-4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C(CC=2C(=CC=C(C)C=2)O)=C1 XZXYQEHISUMZAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940107816 ammonium iodide Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- HDWFBMIXBOMTFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dihypoiodite Chemical compound [Ca+2].I[O-].I[O-] HDWFBMIXBOMTFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 6
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VTSKEPCGGKLGSB-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium carbonic acid carbonate tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].OC(O)=O.OC(O)=O.[O-]C([O-])=O VTSKEPCGGKLGSB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- VZCFVXZALPZXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;dihydrate Chemical compound [OH3+].[OH3+].[O-]C([O-])=O VZCFVXZALPZXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 30
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012717 electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- JGJLWPGRMCADHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypobromite Chemical compound Br[O-] JGJLWPGRMCADHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004812 organic fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001625808 Trona Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical class OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M bromate Inorganic materials [O-]Br(=O)=O SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromic acid Chemical compound OBr(=O)=O SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021386 carbon form Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002366 halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005802 health problem Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- AAUNBWYUJICUKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypoiodite Chemical compound I[O-] AAUNBWYUJICUKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ICIWUVCWSCSTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M iodate Chemical compound [O-]I(=O)=O ICIWUVCWSCSTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000002459 porosimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940071207 sesquicarbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000031 sodium sesquicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000018341 sodium sesquicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WZWGGYFEOBVNLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na] WZWGGYFEOBVNLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical compound S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009044 synergistic interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- HJUGFYREWKUQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabromomethane Chemical compound BrC(Br)(Br)Br HJUGFYREWKUQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WCTAGTRAWPDFQO-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;hydrogen carbonate;carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].OC([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O WCTAGTRAWPDFQO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract
Description
本出願書類は、2012年6月11日に提出された標題「水銀を除去する吸着剤」である米国仮出願第61/658,258号、および2013年3月15日に提出された標題「水銀を除去する吸着剤」である米国特許出願第13/841,315号の優先権を請求するものであり、その全内容はこの参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
Claims (60)
- 約450mg/ccを超える容積ヨウ素価を有する吸着物質を有する水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項1記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記容積ヨウ素価が約500mg/cc〜約650mg/ccである水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項1記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記容積ヨウ素価が約500mg/cc〜約700mg/ccである水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項1記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記吸着物質は、活性炭、再活性炭、グラファイト、グラフェン、カーボンブラック、ゼオライト、シリカ、シリカゲル、粘土、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものである水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項1記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記吸着物質は石炭に由来する活性炭である水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項1記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記吸着物質は約1μm〜約30μmの平均粒経(MPD)を有するものである水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項1記載の水銀吸着物質であって、さらに、1若しくはそれ以上の酸化剤を有する水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項7記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記1若しくはそれ以上の酸化剤は、塩素、臭素、ヨウ素、臭化アンモニウム、塩化アンモニウム、次亜塩素酸カルシウム、次亜臭素酸カルシウム、次亜ヨウ素酸カルシウム、塩化カルシウム、臭化カルシウム、ヨウ化カルシウム、塩化マグネシウム、臭化マグネシウム、ヨウ化マグネシウム、塩化ナトリウム、臭化ナトリウム、ヨウ化ナトリウム、三塩化カリウム、三臭化カリウム、三ヨウ化カリウム、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものである水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項7記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記1若しくはそれ以上の酸化剤は、全吸着物質の約5重量%〜約50重量%を有するものである水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項1記載の水銀吸着物質であって、さらに、1若しくはそれ以上の窒素供給源を有する水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項10記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記1若しくはそれ以上の窒素供給源は、アンモニウム含有化合物、アンモニア含有化合物、アミン含有化合物、アミド含有化合物、イミン含有化合物、第4級アンモニウム含有化合物、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものである水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項10記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記1若しくはそれ以上の窒素供給源は、ヨウ化アンモニウム、臭化アンモニウム、または塩化アンモニウム、アミンハロゲン化物、第4級アンモニウムハロゲン化物、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものである水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項10記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記1若しくはそれ以上の窒素供給源は、全吸着物質の約5重量%〜約50重量%を有するものである水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項1記載の水銀吸着物質であって、さらに、アルカリ性剤を有する水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項14記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記アルカリ性剤は、炭酸カルシウム、酸化カルシウム、水酸化カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、水酸化マグネシウム、酸化マグネシウム、炭酸ナトリウム、重炭酸ナトリウム、セスキ炭酸ナトリウム二水和物、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものである水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項14記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記アルカリ性剤は、吸着物質100グラムあたり約0.15当量またはそれ以上の濃度で提供されるものである水銀吸着物質。
- 約450mg/ccを超える容積ヨウ素価を有する吸着物質と、
1若しくはそれ以上の酸化剤と、
1若しくはそれ以上の窒素供給源と
を有する水銀吸着物質。 - 請求項17記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記容積ヨウ素価が約500mg/cc〜約650mg/ccである水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項17記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記容積ヨウ素価が約500mg/cc〜約700mg/ccである水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項17記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記吸着物質は、活性炭、再活性炭、グラファイト、グラフェン、カーボンブラック、ゼオライト、シリカ、シリカゲル、粘土、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものである水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項17記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記1若しくはそれ以上の酸化剤は、塩素、臭素、ヨウ素、臭化アンモニウム、塩化アンモニウム、次亜塩素酸カルシウム、次亜臭素酸カルシウム、次亜ヨウ素酸カルシウム、塩化カルシウム、臭化カルシウム、ヨウ化カルシウム、塩化マグネシウム、臭化マグネシウム、ヨウ化マグネシウム、塩化ナトリウム、臭化ナトリウム、ヨウ化ナトリウム、三塩化カリウム、三臭化カリウム、三ヨウ化カリウム、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものである水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項17記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記1若しくはそれ以上の窒素供給源は、ヨウ化アンモニウム、臭化アンモニウム、または塩化アンモニウム、アミンハロゲン化物、第4級アンモニウムハロゲン化物、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものである水銀吸着物質。
- 約450mg/ccを超える容積ヨウ素価を有する吸着物質と、
1若しくはそれ以上の酸化剤と、
1若しくはそれ以上のアルカリ性剤と
を有する水銀吸着物質。 - 請求項23記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記容積ヨウ素価が約500mg/cc〜約650mg/ccである水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項23記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記容積ヨウ素価が約500mg/cc〜約700mg/ccである水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項23記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記吸着物質は、活性炭、再活性炭、グラファイト、グラフェン、カーボンブラック、ゼオライト、シリカ、シリカゲル、粘土、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものである水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項23記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記1若しくはそれ以上の酸化剤は、塩素、臭素、ヨウ素、臭化アンモニウム、塩化アンモニウム、次亜塩素酸カルシウム、次亜臭素酸カルシウム、次亜ヨウ素酸カルシウム、塩化カルシウム、臭化カルシウム、ヨウ化カルシウム、塩化マグネシウム、臭化マグネシウム、ヨウ化マグネシウム、塩化ナトリウム、臭化ナトリウム、ヨウ化ナトリウム、三塩化カリウム、三臭化カリウム、三ヨウ化カリウム、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものである水銀吸着物質。
- 請求項23記載の水銀吸着物質において、前記アルカリ性剤は、炭酸カルシウム、酸化カルシウム、水酸化カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、水酸化マグネシウム、酸化マグネシウム、炭酸ナトリウム、重炭酸ナトリウム、セスキ炭酸ナトリウム二水和物、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものである水銀吸着物質。
- 燃焼排ガスから水銀を除去するシステムであって、前記システムは450mg/ccを超える容積ヨウ素価を有する吸着物質を有するシステム。
- 請求項29記載のシステムにおいて、前記容積ヨウ素価が約500mg/cc〜約650mg/ccであるシステム。
- 請求項29記載のシステムにおいて、前記容積ヨウ素価が約500mg/cc〜約700mg/ccであるシステム。
- 請求項29記載のシステムにおいて、前記吸着物質は、活性炭、再活性炭、グラファイト、グラフェン、カーボンブラック、ゼオライト、シリカ、シリカゲル、粘土、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものであるシステム。
- 請求項29記載のシステムにおいて、前記吸着物質は石炭に由来する活性炭であるシステム。
- 請求項29記載のシステムにおいて、前記吸着物質は約1μm〜約30μmの平均粒経(MPD)を有するものであるシステム。
- 請求項29記載のシステムであって、さらに、1若しくはそれ以上の酸化剤を有するシステム。
- 請求項35記載のシステムにおいて、前記1若しくはそれ以上の酸化剤は、塩素、臭素、ヨウ素、臭化アンモニウム、塩化アンモニウム、次亜塩素酸カルシウム、次亜臭素酸カルシウム、次亜ヨウ素酸カルシウム、塩化カルシウム、臭化カルシウム、ヨウ化カルシウム、塩化マグネシウム、臭化マグネシウム、ヨウ化マグネシウム、塩化ナトリウム、臭化ナトリウム、ヨウ化ナトリウム、三塩化カリウム、三臭化カリウム、三ヨウ化カリウム、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものであるシステム。
- 請求項35記載のシステムにおいて、前記1若しくはそれ以上の酸化剤は、全吸着物質の約5重量%〜約50重量%を有するものであるシステム。
- 請求項29記載のシステムであって、さらに、1若しくはそれ以上の窒素供給源を有するシステム。
- 請求項38記載のシステムにおいて、前記1若しくはそれ以上の窒素供給源は、アンモニウム含有化合物、アンモニア含有化合物、アミン含有化合物、アミド含有化合物、イミン含有化合物、第4級アンモニウム含有化合物、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものであるシステム。
- 請求38記載のシステムにおいて、前記1若しくはそれ以上の窒素供給源は、ヨウ化アンモニウム、臭化アンモニウム、または塩化アンモニウム、アミンハロゲン化物、第4級アンモニウムハロゲン化物、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものであるシステム。
- 請求項38記載のシステムにおいて、前記1若しくはそれ以上の窒素供給源は、全吸着物質の約5重量%〜約50重量%を有するものであるシステム。
- 請求項29記載のシステムであって、さらに、アルカリ性剤を有するシステム。
- 請求項42記載のシステムにおいて、前記アルカリ性剤は、炭酸カルシウム、酸化カルシウム、水酸化カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、水酸化マグネシウム、酸化マグネシウム、炭酸ナトリウム、重炭酸ナトリウム、セスキ炭酸ナトリウム二水和物、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものであるシステム。
- 請求項42記載のシステムにおいて、前記アルカリ性剤は、吸着物質100グラムあたり約0.15当量またはそれ以上の濃度で提供されるものであるシステム。
- 水銀を除去する方法であって、
約450mg/ccを超える容積ヨウ素価を有する吸着物質を注入する工程
を有する方法。 - 請求項45記載の方法において、前記容積ヨウ素価が約500mg/cc〜約650mg/ccである方法。
- 請求項45記載の方法において、前記容積ヨウ素価が約500mg/cc〜約700mg/ccである方法。
- 請求項45記載の方法において、前記吸着物質は、活性炭、再活性炭、グラファイト、グラフェン、カーボンブラック、ゼオライト、シリカ、シリカゲル、粘土、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものである方法。
- 請求項45記載の方法において、前記吸着物質は石炭に由来する活性炭である方法。
- 請求項45記載の方法において、前記吸着物質は約1μm〜約30μmの平均粒経(MPD)を有するものである方法。
- 請求項45記載の方法であって、さらに、1若しくはそれ以上の酸化剤を有する方法。
- 請求項51記載の方法において、前記1若しくはそれ以上の酸化剤は、塩素、臭素、ヨウ素、臭化アンモニウム、塩化アンモニウム、次亜塩素酸カルシウム、次亜臭素酸カルシウム、次亜ヨウ素酸カルシウム、塩化カルシウム、臭化カルシウム、ヨウ化カルシウム、塩化マグネシウム、臭化マグネシウム、ヨウ化マグネシウム、塩化ナトリウム、臭化ナトリウム、ヨウ化ナトリウム、三塩化カリウム、三臭化カリウム、三ヨウ化カリウム、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものである方法。
- 請求項51記載の方法において、前記1若しくはそれ以上の酸化剤は、全吸着物質の約5重量%〜約50重量%を有するものである方法。
- 請求項45記載の方法であって、さらに、1若しくはそれ以上の窒素供給源を有する方法。
- 請求項54記載の方法において、前記1若しくはそれ以上の窒素供給源は、アンモニウム含有化合物、アンモニア含有化合物、アミン含有化合物、アミド含有化合物、イミン含有化合物、第4級アンモニウム含有化合物、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものである方法。
- 請求項54記載の方法において、前記1若しくはそれ以上の窒素供給源は、ヨウ化アンモニウム、臭化アンモニウム、または塩化アンモニウム、アミンハロゲン化物、第4級アンモニウムハロゲン化物、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものである方法。
- 請求項54記載の方法において、前記1若しくはそれ以上の窒素供給源は、全吸着物質の約5重量%〜約50重量%を有するものである方法。
- 請求項45記載の方法であって、さらに、アルカリ性剤を有する方法。
- 請求項58記載の方法において、前記アルカリ性剤は、炭酸カルシウム、酸化カルシウム、水酸化カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、水酸化マグネシウム、酸化マグネシウム、炭酸ナトリウム、重炭酸ナトリウム、セスキ炭酸ナトリウム二水和物、およびその組み合わせから成る群から選択されるものである方法。
- 請求項58記載の方法において、前記アルカリ性剤は、吸着物質100グラムあたり約0.15当量またはそれ以上の濃度で提供されるものである方法。
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US20200047155A1 (en) | 2020-02-13 |
IN2015MN00069A (ja) | 2015-10-16 |
US20130330257A1 (en) | 2013-12-12 |
CN107349902A (zh) | 2017-11-17 |
EP2858747B1 (en) | 2019-12-04 |
US20170080402A1 (en) | 2017-03-23 |
CA2876269A1 (en) | 2013-12-19 |
HK1246730A1 (zh) | 2018-09-14 |
AU2017235997A1 (en) | 2017-10-19 |
WO2013188327A1 (en) | 2013-12-19 |
EP2858747A1 (en) | 2015-04-15 |
AU2019204609A1 (en) | 2019-07-18 |
US11857942B2 (en) | 2024-01-02 |
MX2014014943A (es) | 2015-05-12 |
EP2858747A4 (en) | 2016-03-09 |
CA2876269C (en) | 2021-04-06 |
AU2013274508A1 (en) | 2015-01-22 |
KR20150018874A (ko) | 2015-02-24 |
JP6545616B2 (ja) | 2019-07-17 |
JP2018089624A (ja) | 2018-06-14 |
CN104602806A (zh) | 2015-05-06 |
KR102217230B1 (ko) | 2021-02-18 |
MX371091B (es) | 2020-01-16 |
AU2019204609B2 (en) | 2021-03-04 |
PL2858747T3 (pl) | 2020-06-29 |
CN107349902B (zh) | 2021-03-02 |
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