JP6166387B2 - 排ガスからの水銀の除去のための、改善された吸着剤配合剤 - Google Patents
排ガスからの水銀の除去のための、改善された吸着剤配合剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6166387B2 JP6166387B2 JP2015558028A JP2015558028A JP6166387B2 JP 6166387 B2 JP6166387 B2 JP 6166387B2 JP 2015558028 A JP2015558028 A JP 2015558028A JP 2015558028 A JP2015558028 A JP 2015558028A JP 6166387 B2 JP6166387 B2 JP 6166387B2
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- Prior art keywords
- mercury
- adsorbent
- ammonium
- halogen
- mercury adsorbent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 title claims description 167
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 143
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 141
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 58
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 title description 9
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 106
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 83
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 82
- -1 halogen nitrogen-containing compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 51
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 47
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- SWLVFNYSXGMGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium bromide Chemical compound [NH4+].[Br-] SWLVFNYSXGMGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium iodide Chemical compound [Na+].[I-] FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical group [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- VKFFEYLSKIYTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraazanium;phosphonato phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O VKFFEYLSKIYTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- XZXYQEHISUMZAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)methyl]-4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C(CC=2C(=CC=C(C)C=2)O)=C1 XZXYQEHISUMZAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940107816 ammonium iodide Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- WGEFECGEFUFIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dibromide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Br-].[Br-] WGEFECGEFUFIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001622 calcium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 3
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical group [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UNMYWSMUMWPJLR-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium iodide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[I-].[I-] UNMYWSMUMWPJLR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- DKNPRRRKHAEUMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iodine aqueous Chemical compound [K+].I[I-]I DKNPRRRKHAEUMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZRIUUUJAJJNDSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium phosphates Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O ZRIUUUJAJJNDSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001640 calcium iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940046413 calcium iodide Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XVDWMONETMNKBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dihypobromite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Br[O-].Br[O-] XVDWMONETMNKBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HDWFBMIXBOMTFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dihypoiodite Chemical compound [Ca+2].I[O-].I[O-] HDWFBMIXBOMTFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 claims description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VTSKEPCGGKLGSB-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium carbonic acid carbonate tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].OC(O)=O.OC(O)=O.[O-]C([O-])=O VTSKEPCGGKLGSB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940020414 potassium triiodide Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009518 sodium iodide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- SMTFLSSUAHATMA-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium;tribromide Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-] SMTFLSSUAHATMA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- AKROLTGTPNCGRL-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium;trichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[K+].[K+].[K+] AKROLTGTPNCGRL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BLQJIBCZHWBKSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium iodide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[I-].[I-] BLQJIBCZHWBKSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001641 magnesium iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims 1
- AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 18
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 9
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012717 electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002366 halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001625808 Trona Species 0.000 description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- DIKBFYAXUHHXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromoform Chemical compound BrC(Br)Br DIKBFYAXUHHXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- JGJLWPGRMCADHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypobromite Chemical compound Br[O-] JGJLWPGRMCADHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002346 iodo group Chemical group I* 0.000 description 2
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- OTCKOJUMXQWKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].[Br-] OTCKOJUMXQWKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001623 magnesium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RZJRJXONCZWCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC RZJRJXONCZWCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- MPPPKRYCTPRNTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromobutane Chemical compound CCCCBr MPPPKRYCTPRNTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMSJFSOOQERIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCBr MYMSJFSOOQERIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PBLNBZIONSLZBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromododecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCBr PBLNBZIONSLZBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSXKDWGTSHCFPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromoheptane Chemical compound CCCCCCCBr LSXKDWGTSHCFPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNTGIJLWHDPAFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromohexadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCBr HNTGIJLWHDPAFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MNDIARAMWBIKFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromohexane Chemical compound CCCCCCBr MNDIARAMWBIKFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AYMUQTNXKPEMLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromononane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCBr AYMUQTNXKPEMLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMKOFRJSULQZRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromooctane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCBr VMKOFRJSULQZRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YZWKKMVJZFACSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromopentane Chemical compound CCCCCBr YZWKKMVJZFACSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYNYIHKIEHGYOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromopropane Chemical compound CCCBr CYNYIHKIEHGYOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KOFZTCSTGIWCQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromotetradecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCBr KOFZTCSTGIWCQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UPSXAPQYNGXVBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromobutane Chemical compound CCC(C)Br UPSXAPQYNGXVBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDLCZOVUSADOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromoethanol Chemical compound OCCBr LDLCZOVUSADOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
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- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M bromate Inorganic materials [O-]Br(=O)=O SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromic acid Chemical compound OBr(=O)=O SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003842 bromide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RDHPKYGYEGBMSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromoethane Chemical compound CCBr RDHPKYGYEGBMSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- ICIWUVCWSCSTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M iodate Chemical compound [O-]I(=O)=O ICIWUVCWSCSTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005180 public health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000935 short-term exposure limit Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003476 subbituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003456 sulfonamides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HJUGFYREWKUQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabromomethane Chemical compound BrC(Br)(Br)Br HJUGFYREWKUQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
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Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Description
本発明は、2013年2月14日に出願された「Enhanced Sorbent Formulation For Removal of Mercury From Flue Gas」と題する米国仮出願第61/764,712号、及び2013年3月15日に出願された「Enhanced Sorbent Formulation For Removal of Mercury From Flue Gas」と題する米国特許出願第13/841,801号に対する優先権を主張し、それらの出願全体が本参照により本出願に組み込まれる。
この出願の発明に関連する先行技術文献情報としては、以下のものがある(国際出願日以降国際段階で引用された文献及び他国に国内移行した際に引用された文献を含む)。
(先行技術文献)
(特許文献)
(特許文献1) カナダ国特許出願公開第2036746号明細書
(特許文献2) 独国特許発明第588531号明細書
(特許文献3) 欧州特許出願公開第0289809号明細書
(特許文献4) 特開昭49−53591号公報
(特許文献5) 特開昭49−53592号公報
(特許文献6) 米国特許第1,984,164号明細書
(特許文献7) 米国特許第3,194,629号明細書
(特許文献8) 米国特許第4,196,173号明細書
(特許文献9) 米国特許第4,491,609号明細書
(特許文献10) 米国特許第4,500,327号明細書
(特許文献11) 米国特許第4,708,853号明細書
(特許文献12) 米国特許第5,336,835号明細書
(特許文献13) 米国特許第5,435,980号明細書
(特許文献14) 米国特許第5,695,726号明細書
(特許文献15) 米国特許第6,589,318号明細書
(特許文献16) 米国特許第6,638,347号明細書
(特許文献17) 米国特許第6,719,828号明細書
(特許文献18) 米国特許第6,878,358号明細書
(特許文献19) 米国特許第6,808,692号明細書
(特許文献20) 米国特許第6,818,043号明細書
(特許文献21) 米国特許第6,848,374号明細書
(特許文献22) 米国特許第6,953,494号明細書
(特許文献23) 米国特許第6,960,329号明細書
(特許文献24) 米国特許第7,404,940号明細書
(特許文献25) 米国特許第7,435,286号明細書
(特許文献26) 米国特許第7,514,052号明細書
(特許文献27) 米国特許第8,080,088号明細書
(特許文献28) 米国特許第8,168,147号明細書
(特許文献29) 米国特許第8,309,046号明細書
(特許文献30) 米国特許出願公開第2004/0003716号明細書
(特許文献31) 米国特許出願公開第2004/0013589号明細書
(特許文献32) 米国特許出願公開第2004/0074391号明細書
(特許文献33) 米国特許出願公開第2004/0244657号明細書
(特許文献34) 米国特許出願公開第2005/0039598号明細書
(特許文献35) 米国特許出願公開第2005/0147549号明細書
(特許文献36) 米国特許出願公開第2006/0048646号明細書
(特許文献37) 米国特許出願公開第2006/0051270号明細書
(特許文献38) 米国特許出願公開第2006/0090646号明細書
(特許文献39) 米国特許出願公開第2006/0204418号明細書
(特許文献40) 米国特許出願公開第2006/0205592号明細書
(特許文献41) 米国特許出願公開第2007/0122327号明細書
(特許文献42) 米国特許出願公開第2007/0140941号明細書
(特許文献43) 米国特許出願公開第2007/0180990号明細書
(特許文献44) 米国特許出願公開第2007/0234902号明細書
(特許文献45) 米国特許出願公開第2008/0134888号明細書
(特許文献46) 米国特許出願公開第2008/0274874号明細書
(特許文献47) 米国特許出願公開第2009/0007785号明細書
(特許文献48) 米国特許出願公開第2009/0010828号明細書
(特許文献49) 米国特許出願公開第2009/0136401号明細書
(特許文献50) 米国特許出願公開第2011/0048231号明細書
(特許文献51) 米国特許出願公開第2011/0250110号明細書
(特許文献52) 米国特許出願公開第2012/0100053号明細書
(特許文献53) 米国特許出願公開第2012/0183458号明細書
(特許文献54) 米国特許出願公開第2012/0244355号明細書
(特許文献55) 国際公開第2007/112248号
(特許文献56) 国際公開第2011/127323号
(特許文献57) 国際公開第2012/030560号
(非特許文献)
(非特許文献1) Gleiser et al.,"Control of Mercury from MSW Combustors by Spray Dryer Absorption Systems and Activated Carbon Injection",Proceedings of an International Specialty Conference,Williamsburg,Virginia,Mar.1993.
(非特許文献2) Granite et al.,"Novel Sorbents for Mercury Removal from Flue Gas",Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research(Apr.2000),39(4):1020−1029.
(非特許文献3) Office of Inspector General,Evaluation Report: Additional Analyses of Mercury Emissions Needed Before EPA Finalizes Rules for Coal−Fired Electric Utilities,Report No.2005−P−00003,Feb.3,2005,pp.1−54.
(非特許文献4) White et al."Parametric Evaluation of Powdered Activated Carbon Injection for Control of Mercury Emissions from a Municipal Waste Combustor,"Paper No.92−40.06,1992 Annual Meeting,Air and Waste Management Association,Kansas City,Missouri,June.1992.
(非特許文献5) International Search Report/Written Opinion dated May 22,2014 received for corresponding PCT/US2014/014605.
本発明はその一定の好ましい実施形態への言及とともに相当詳細に開示されてきたが、他のバージョンも可能である。従って、添付の特許請求の範囲の真髄と範囲は、本明細書内に含有される開示内容及び好ましいバージョンに限定されるべきではない。本発明の様々な態様が、以下の非限定的な実施例への言及とともに例証される。
Claims (21)
- 水銀吸着剤であって、
吸着性物質と
添加剤混合物と
を有し、前記添加剤混合物が、
ハロゲン源と
リン酸アンモニウム塩、リン酸アンモニウム混合塩、ピロリン酸アンモニウム、リン酸水素アンモニウム、リン酸二水素アンモニウム、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される非ハロゲン系窒素含有化合物と
を有する、水銀吸着剤。 - 請求項1記載の水銀吸着剤において、前記非ハロゲン系窒素含有化合物が、リン酸二アンモニウム、リン酸一アンモニウム、ピロリン酸アンモニウム、及びそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、水銀吸着剤。
- 請求項1記載の水銀吸着剤において、前記ハロゲン源が無機ハロゲン塩、または臭素、ヨウ素、もしくは塩素を有する、水銀吸着剤。
- 請求項3記載の水銀吸着剤において、前記無機ハロゲン塩が、次亜塩素酸カルシウム、次亜臭素酸カルシウム、次亜ヨウ素酸カルシウム、塩化カルシウム、臭化カルシウム、ヨウ化カルシウム、塩化マグネシウム、臭化マグネシウム、ヨウ化マグネシウム、塩化ナトリウム、臭化ナトリウム、ヨウ化ナトリウム、塩化アンモニウム、臭化アンモニウム、ヨウ化アンモニウム、三塩化カリウム、三臭化カリウム、三ヨウ化カリウム、及びそれらの組み合わせから選択される、水銀吸着剤。
- 請求項1記載の水銀吸着剤において、前記ハロゲン源が窒素性ハロゲン塩を有する、水銀吸着剤。
- 請求項5記載の水銀吸着剤において、前記窒素性ハロゲン塩が、塩素、臭素、ヨウ素、もしくはフッ素、またはそれらの組み合わせと、アンモニウム、アンモニア、アミン、アミド、イミン、第四級アンモニウム、及びそれらの組み合わせとを有する、水銀吸着剤。
- 請求項1記載の水銀吸着剤において、前記ハロゲン源が、塩素、臭素、ヨウ素、臭化カルシウム、塩化アンモニウム、臭化アンモニウム、ヨウ化アンモニウム、及びそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、水銀吸着剤。
- 請求項1記載の水銀吸着剤において、前記添加剤混合物が、非ハロゲン系窒素含有化合物をハロゲン源に対して3:1、2:1、1:1、1:2、または1:3の比で有する、水銀吸着剤。
- 請求項1記載の水銀吸着剤において、前記水銀吸着性剤中の添加剤混合物の合計量が、前記水銀吸着剤の合計重量に対して0.5重量%〜40重量%である、水銀吸着剤。
- 請求項1記載の水銀吸着剤において、ハロゲン源の合計量が、前記水銀吸着剤の合計重量に対して1重量%〜20重量%である、水銀吸着剤。
- 請求項1記載の水銀吸着剤において、非ハロゲン系窒素含有化合物の合計量が、前記水銀吸着剤の合計重量に対して1重量%〜20重量%である、水銀吸着剤。
- さらにアルカリ性添加剤を有する、請求項1記載の水銀吸着剤。
- 請求項12記載の水銀吸着剤において、前記アルカリ性添加剤が、炭酸カルシウム、酸化カルシウム、水酸化カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、水酸化マグネシウム、酸化マグネシウム、炭酸ナトリウム、重炭酸ナトリウム、セスキ炭酸ナトリウム二水和物、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、水銀吸着剤。
- 請求項1記載の水銀吸着剤において、前記水銀吸着剤が吸着性物質と添加剤混合物との乾燥混合剤を有する、水銀吸着剤。
- 請求項1記載の水銀吸着剤において、前記吸着性物質が、前記添加剤混合物を含浸させたものである、水銀吸着剤。
- 請求項1記載の水銀吸着剤において、前記水銀吸着剤が1μm〜30μmの平均粒子径を有する、水銀吸着剤。
- 請求項1記載の水銀吸着剤において、前記吸着性物質が、炭素ベースの吸着性剤と非炭素ベースの吸着性剤とからなる群から選択される、水銀吸着剤。
- 請求項1記載の水銀吸着剤において、前記吸着性物質が、炭素質の木炭、活性炭、黒鉛、グラフェン、カーボンブラック、再生活性炭、ゼオライト、シリカ、シリカゲル、アルミナ粘土、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、水銀吸着剤。
- 水銀排出を低下させる方法であって、
排ガス流中に吸着性物質を注入する工程と、
前記排ガス流中にハロゲン源を注入する工程と、
前記排ガス流中に、リン酸アンモニウム塩、リン酸アンモニウム混合塩、ピロリン酸アンモニウム、リン酸水素アンモニウム、リン酸二水素アンモニウム、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される非ハロゲン系窒素含有化合物を注入する工程と
を有し、前記吸着性物質を注入する工程と、前記ハロゲン源を注入する工程と、前記非ハロゲン系窒素含有化合物を注入する工程とが同時に実施される、方法。 - 請求項19記載の方法において、前記吸着性物質と、前記ハロゲン源と、前記非ハロゲン系窒素含有化合物とが混合されている、方法。
- 請求項19記載の方法において、少なくとも前記吸着性物質が、空気予熱器よりも下流で前記排ガス流中に注入される、方法。
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US20130330257A1 (en) | 2012-06-11 | 2013-12-12 | Calgon Carbon Corporation | Sorbents for removal of mercury |
CN102764581A (zh) * | 2012-07-26 | 2012-11-07 | 艾淑艳 | 湿法脱汞系统及其脱汞工艺 |
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KR102081571B1 (ko) | 2020-02-26 |
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EP2956230A1 (en) | 2015-12-23 |
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JP2016508444A (ja) | 2016-03-22 |
KR20150119906A (ko) | 2015-10-26 |
WO2014126749A1 (en) | 2014-08-21 |
CN105120982A (zh) | 2015-12-02 |
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