JP6544881B1 - リン化合物含有排ガス浄化用触媒 - Google Patents
リン化合物含有排ガス浄化用触媒 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6544881B1 JP6544881B1 JP2019521498A JP2019521498A JP6544881B1 JP 6544881 B1 JP6544881 B1 JP 6544881B1 JP 2019521498 A JP2019521498 A JP 2019521498A JP 2019521498 A JP2019521498 A JP 2019521498A JP 6544881 B1 JP6544881 B1 JP 6544881B1
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 431
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 94
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 title claims description 94
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims description 91
- -1 Phosphorus compound Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 73
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000009751 slip forming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 378
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 50
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 40
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 18
- 208000005374 Poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 17
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 17
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- VXNYVYJABGOSBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Rh+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VXNYVYJABGOSBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium nitrate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical class OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin-22,24-diide Chemical compound [Cu+2].C1=CC(C(=C2C=CC([N-]2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(N=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=C3[N-]2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC1=C3C1=CC=CC=C1 RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- JLRJWBUSTKIQQH-UHFFFAOYSA-K lanthanum(3+);triacetate Chemical compound [La+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O JLRJWBUSTKIQQH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002826 nitrites Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RCYIWFITYHZCIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methoxybut-1-yne Chemical compound COCCC#C RCYIWFITYHZCIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NGDQQLAVJWUYSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2-phenyl-1,3-thiazole-5-sulfonyl chloride Chemical compound S1C(S(Cl)(=O)=O)=C(C)N=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 NGDQQLAVJWUYSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910021193 La 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ba+2] RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001863 barium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RCFVMJKOEJFGTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium zirconium Chemical compound [Zr].[Ce] RCFVMJKOEJFGTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TYAVIWGEVOBWDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(3+);phosphate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O TYAVIWGEVOBWDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- YXEUGTSPQFTXTR-UHFFFAOYSA-K lanthanum(3+);trihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[La+3] YXEUGTSPQFTXTR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- FYDKNKUEBJQCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [La+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O FYDKNKUEBJQCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PLDDOISOJJCEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nd+3].[Nd+3] PLDDOISOJJCEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CFYGEIAZMVFFDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Nd+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O CFYGEIAZMVFFDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UJVRJBAUJYZFIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid;oxozirconium Chemical compound [Zr]=O.O[N+]([O-])=O.O[N+]([O-])=O UJVRJBAUJYZFIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Pd+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CLSUSRZJUQMOHH-UHFFFAOYSA-L platinum dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Pt]Cl CLSUSRZJUQMOHH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- DEXZEPDUSNRVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-K yttrium(3+);trihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Y+3] DEXZEPDUSNRVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MBULCFMSBDQQQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-carboxy-2-hydroxypropyl)-trimethylazanium;2,4-dioxo-1h-pyrimidine-6-carboxylate Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC(O)CC(O)=O.[O-]C(=O)C1=CC(=O)NC(=O)N1 MBULCFMSBDQQQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910002060 Fe-Cr-Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRWKMJCISLXRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Zr].[Ce].[Y].[La] Chemical compound [Zr].[Ce].[Y].[La] WRWKMJCISLXRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- IXSUHTFXKKBBJP-UHFFFAOYSA-L azanide;platinum(2+);dinitrite Chemical compound [NH2-].[NH2-].[Pt+2].[O-]N=O.[O-]N=O IXSUHTFXKKBBJP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005323 carbonate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- GSHDNSHZGPBFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium lanthanum neodymium zirconium Chemical compound [Ce][Zr][La][Nd] GSHDNSHZGPBFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NXGASACSZHOEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium lanthanum zirconium Chemical compound [Zr].[La].[Ce] NXGASACSZHOEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003426 co-catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphonate Chemical compound O=P(=O)OP(=O)=O YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004675 formic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- RHVPCSSKNPYQDU-UHFFFAOYSA-H neodymium(3+);trisulfate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Nd+3].[Nd+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RHVPCSSKNPYQDU-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- IBSDADOZMZEYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-H oxalate;yttrium(3+) Chemical compound [Y+3].[Y+3].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O IBSDADOZMZEYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMOAHYOGLLEOGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxozirconium;dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.[Zr]=O CMOAHYOGLLEOGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QRTRRDMHGTZPBF-UHFFFAOYSA-L oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+);sulfate Chemical compound [O-2].[Zr+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QRTRRDMHGTZPBF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KGRJUMGAEQQVFK-UHFFFAOYSA-L platinum(2+);dibromide Chemical compound Br[Pt]Br KGRJUMGAEQQVFK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NWAHZABTSDUXMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Pt+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O NWAHZABTSDUXMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003283 rhodium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SONJTKJMTWTJCT-UHFFFAOYSA-K rhodium(iii) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Rh+3] SONJTKJMTWTJCT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000550 scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000347 yttrium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAYJOCWVUTQHB-UHFFFAOYSA-H yttrium(3+);trisulfate Chemical compound [Y+3].[Y+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RTAYJOCWVUTQHB-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本発明の一形態に係るリン化合物含有排ガス浄化用触媒(以下、単に「触媒」とも称する)は、ガス流入側端面からガス流出側端面に沿って延在して設けられるとともに、ガス流入側端面からガス流出側端面まで貫通する複数のガス流路を区画形成する隔壁を有する耐火性三次元構造体と、隔壁上にガス流入側端面から連続して形成された、Pdを含む下触媒層と、隔壁上の最表面に位置し、ガス流入側端面から連続して形成された、Rhを含むガス流入側上触媒層と、隔壁上の最表面に位置し、ガス流出側端面から連続して形成された、Rhを含むガス流出側上触媒層とを有する。そして、ガス流入側上触媒層及びガス流出側上触媒層は、ガス流路方向に沿って互いに離間するように配置されており、ガス流路方向に沿う下触媒層の長さは、15mm以上であり、ガス流路の全長に対して、18%以上100%未満であることを特徴とする。本形態に係る触媒は、上記構成を有することにより、高温で、かつ、リン化合物含有排ガスに長期間曝された後においても、十分な排ガス浄化性能を発揮できる。
本発明の第1実施形態を、図面を参照しつつ説明する。図1は、第1実施形態に係るリン化合物含有排ガス浄化用触媒1を示す正面断面図である。なお、第1実施形態の具体例として、後述の実施例3の触媒Cが挙げられる。
次に、図2を参照して、本発明の第2実施形態に係るリン化合物含有排ガス浄化用触媒2の構成について説明する。図2は、第2実施形態に係るリン化合物含有排ガス浄化用触媒2を示す正面断面図である。なお、第2実施形態の具体例として、後述の実施例1の触媒Aが挙げられる。第1実施形態と共通する部分は説明を省略し、第2実施形態のみに特徴のある箇所について説明する。なお、前述した第1実施形態と同一の部分には同一の符号を付して説明し、重複した説明は省略する。第2実施形態は、第1実施形態と比較して、下触媒層及びガス流出側上触媒層の構成が異なる。
耐火性三次元構造体は、特に制限されず、一般的に排ガス浄化用触媒の分野で使用されるものを適宜採用することができ、好ましくはハニカム担体である。ハニカム担体としては、モノリスハニカム担体、メタルハニカム担体、パティキュレートフィルターなどのプラグハニカム担体等が挙げられる。材質は、コージエライト、炭化ケイ素、窒化ケイ素、ステンレス鋼、Fe−Cr−Al合金などの耐熱性金属などを用いることができる。
下触媒層、ガス流入側上触媒層及びガス流出側上触媒層は、それぞれ独立して、貴金属、酸素貯蔵材、耐火性無機酸化物及び/又は助触媒等の触媒成分を含む。
貴金属は、排ガス浄化用触媒に用いられるものであればよいが、好ましくはロジウム(Rh)、パラジウム(Pd)、白金(Pt)から選択される。各触媒層において、貴金属は1種のみを単独で用いてもよいし、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。また、触媒層毎に同一の貴金属を用いてもよいし、異なる貴金属を用いることによって触媒全体として複数の貴金属を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
酸素貯蔵材は、排ガス中の酸素濃度に従って酸素を取り込む、又は、排出することができる材料であり、酸化セリウム、セリウムと他の元素とで構成される酸化物、例えばセリウム−ジルコニウム複合酸化物、セリウム−ジルコニウム−ランタン複合酸化物、セリウム−ジルコニウム−ランタン−ネオジム複合酸化物、セリウム−ジルコニウム−ランタン−イットリウム複合酸化物等がある。
耐火性無機酸化物としては、アルミナ、ランタン含有アルミナ、ジルコニア、シリカ−アルミナ、チタニア、ゼオライト等があり、単独であるいは2種以上の混合物の形態で用いることができる。耐火性無機酸化物は、700℃以上、好ましくは1000℃以上で比表面積の変化が少ないものが好ましい。耐火性無機酸化物のBET比表面積は、特に制限されないが、貴金属などの触媒活性成分を担持させる観点から、好ましくは50〜750m2/g、より好ましくは150〜750m2/gである。耐火性無機酸化物の平均一次粒径は、特に制限されないが、好ましくは5nm〜20nm、より好ましくは5nm〜10nmの範囲である。このような範囲であれば、貴金属を耐火性無機酸化物上に担持することができる。なお、本明細書において、耐火性無機酸化物の形状又は平均一次粒径は、透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)によって測定される。
助触媒として、第1族元素、第2族元素、及び/又は希土類元素が添加され得る。第1族元素、第2族元素、及び希土類元素としては、カリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウム、ストロンチウム、バリウム、ランタン等があり、単独であるいは2種以上の混合物の形態で用いることができる。原料としては、第1族元素又は第2族元素の、酸化物、硫酸塩、炭酸塩、硝酸塩などが使用され、焼成後に酸化物、硫酸塩又は炭酸塩の形態で触媒に含まれる。中でも、酸化ランタン(La2O3)、酸化バリウム(BaO)、バリウム硫酸塩(BaSO4)を用いることが好ましく、耐火性三次元構造体1Lあたり、それぞれ好ましくは0〜50g、より好ましくは0.5〜30g、さらに好ましくは1〜20g含まれる。
上記リン化合物含有排ガス浄化用触媒は、公知の手法を適宜参照することにより、当業者により容易に製造することできる。好ましい製造方法として、以下の工程を有する方法が挙げられる。すなわち、本発明の他の一形態に係るリン化合物含有排ガス浄化用触媒の製造方法は、ガス流入側端面及びガス流出側端面に沿って延在して設けられるとともに、ガス流入側端面からガス流出側端面まで貫通する複数のガス流路を区画形成する隔壁を有する耐火性三次元構造体の隔壁上に、ガス流入側端面から連続してPdを含む下触媒層用スラリーを塗布、乾燥及び焼成して、下触媒層を形成する工程(I)と、;下触媒層を形成した後に、隔壁上に、ガス流入側端面から連続してRhを含むガス流入側上触媒層用スラリーを、ガス流出側端面から連続してRhを含むガス流出側触媒層用スラリーを、スラリー同士が互いに接触しないように塗布し、その後、乾燥及び焼成して、ガス流入側上触媒層及びガス流出側上触媒層を形成する工程(II)と;を有する。
本発明の他の一形態によると、上記リン化合物含有排ガス浄化用触媒と、リン化合物含有排ガスと、を接触させる工程を有する、リン化合物含有排ガスの浄化方法が提供される。
硝酸パラジウム(Pd)、CeO2−ZrO2複合酸化物(CeO2として45質量%)、酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)、水酸化バリウム及び酢酸ランタンを、質量比がPd:CeO2−ZrO2複合酸化物:Al2O3:酸化バリウム:酸化ランタン換算で4.75:16.9:22.4:4.7:1.1となるように、それぞれ評量し、水を加えて湿式粉砕することでスラリーa0を調製した。
実施例1と同じ原料を質量比がPd:CeO2−ZrO2複合酸化物:Al2O3:酸化バリウム:酸化ランタン換算で4.75:22.5:29.8:6.2:1.5となるように、それぞれ評量し、水を加えて湿式粉砕することでスラリーb0を調製した。
実施例1と同じ原料を、質量比がPd:CeO2−ZrO2複合酸化物:Al2O3:酸化バリウム:酸化ランタン換算で4.75:28.1:37.3:7.8:1.9となるように、それぞれ評量し、水を加えて湿式粉砕することでスラリーc0を調製した。
実施例1と同じ原料を、質量比がPd:CeO2−ZrO2複合酸化物:Al2O3:酸化バリウム:酸化ランタン換算で4.75:33.8:44.7:9.3:2.3となるように、それぞれ評量し、水を加えて湿式粉砕することでスラリーd0を調製した。
実施例1と同じ原料を、質量比がPd:CeO2−ZrO2複合酸化物:Al2O3:酸化バリウム:酸化ランタン換算で4.75:45:59.6:12.4:3となるように、それぞれ評量し、水を加えて湿式粉砕することでスラリーe0を調製した。
比較例1と同様の方法で、実施例1と同様のコージェライト担体に、触媒層E0を設けた。
硝酸パラジウム(Pd)、硝酸ロジウム(Rh)、CeO2−ZrO2複合酸化物(CeO2として45質量%)、酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)、水酸化バリウム及び酢酸ランタンを、質量比がPd:Rh:CeO2−ZrO2複合酸化物:Al2O3:酸化ランタン換算で4.75:0.591:13.1:14.3:2.6となるように、それぞれ評量し、水を加えて湿式粉砕することでスラリーg0を調製した。
上記で得られた触媒A〜Gを、それぞれ、V型8気筒、5.6リットルエンジンの排気口から25cm下流側に設置した。エンジンオイル中のリン(P)濃度が6ppmのオイルを用いた。触媒入口部の空燃比(A/F)を14.6、触媒床部の温度を1000℃として運転し、続いてA/Fが12.5で運転し、続いて燃料供給を停止して運転するサイクルを繰り返し、合計100時間運転し、熱処理を行った。
リン被毒後の触媒A〜Gを、それぞれ、直列6気筒、2リットルエンジン排気口から30cm下流側に設置した。A/Fを14.6として、ガス流入側端面から15cmの位置ガス温度を150℃から500℃まで50℃/分で昇温させた。エンジンオイル中のリン(P)濃度が6ppmのオイルを用いた。この時、各触媒の空間速度は150000−1であった。触媒出口から排出されるガスをサンプリングし、CO、HC、NOxの各浄化率を算出した。各浄化率が50%に達する時の温度(Light−off T50)を図7A〜7Cに示す。T50が低いほど、高い排ガス浄化性能を有していることを示している。
リン被毒後の触媒A〜Gを、それぞれ、直列6気筒、2リットルエンジン排気口から30cm下流側に設置した。A/Fを14.6、触媒入口ガス温度を100℃から500℃まで1800℃/分で昇温させた。エンジンオイル中のリン(P)濃度が6ppmのオイルを用いた。この時、各触媒の空間速度は140000−1であった。触媒出口から排出されるガスをサンプリングし、CO、HC、NOxの各浄化率を算出した。各浄化率が20%に達するまでの時間(Warm−up T20)を図8A〜8Cに、各浄化率が50%に達するまでの時間(Warm−up T50)を図9A〜9Cにそれぞれ示す。T20又はT50に達する時間が短いほど、早期に排ガスが浄化されることを意味する。
10 耐火性三次元構造体、
10A ガス流入側端面、
10B ガス流出側端面、
20、120、520 下触媒層、
30 ガス流入側上触媒層、
40、140、540 ガス流出側上触媒層、
41 段差部、
50 凹部
630 上触媒層
720 ガス流入側触媒層
740 ガス流出側触媒層。
Claims (12)
- ガス流入側端面からガス流出側端面に沿って延在して設けられるとともに、前記ガス流入側端面から前記ガス流出側端面まで貫通する複数のガス流路を区画形成する隔壁を有する耐火性三次元構造体と、
前記隔壁上に前記ガス流入側端面から連続して形成された、Pdを含む下触媒層と、
前記隔壁上の最表面に位置し、前記ガス流入側端面から連続して形成された、Rhを含むガス流入側上触媒層と、
前記隔壁上の最表面に位置し、前記ガス流出側端面から連続して形成された、Rhを含むガス流出側上触媒層と、
を有し、
前記ガス流入側上触媒層及び前記ガス流出側上触媒層は、ガス流路方向に沿って互いに離間するように配置されており、
前記ガス流路方向に沿う前記下触媒層の長さは、15mm以上であり、当該長さの割合は、前記ガス流路の全長に対して、18%以上100%未満である、リン化合物含有排ガス浄化用触媒。 - 前記ガス流出側上触媒層のガス流入側端部における触媒層の厚さの合計は、前記ガス流出側上触媒層のガス流出側端部における触媒層の厚さの合計よりも大きい、請求項1に記載のリン化合物含有排ガス浄化用触媒。
- 前記ガス流入側上触媒層及び前記ガス流出側上触媒層の離間距離は、5mm以上30mm以下である、請求項1又は2に記載のリン化合物含有排ガス浄化用触媒。
- 前記ガス流路方向に沿う前記ガス流入側上触媒層の長さは、10mm以上であり、当該長さの割合は、前記ガス流路の全長に対して、12%以上57%以下である、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載のリン化合物含有排ガス浄化用触媒。
- 前記ガス流路方向に沿う前記ガス流出側上触媒層の長さは、25mm以上であり、当該長さの割合は、前記ガス流路の全長に対して、31%以上88%未満である、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載のリン化合物含有排ガス浄化用触媒。
- 前記ガス流路方向に沿う前記ガス流入側上触媒層の長さは、前記下触媒層の長さ以下である、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載のリン化合物含有排ガス浄化用触媒。
- 前記ガス流入側上触媒層のRh濃度は、前記ガス流出側上触媒層のRh濃度より高い、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載のリン化合物含有排ガス浄化用触媒。
- 前記下触媒層のRh濃度は、前記ガス流出側上触媒層のRh濃度より低い、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載のリン化合物含有排ガス浄化用触媒。
- 前記下触媒層、前記ガス流入側上触媒層及び前記ガス流出側上触媒層のうちの少なくとも1層は、CeO2及びZrO2を含有する複合酸化物を含む、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載のリン化合物含有排ガス浄化用触媒。
- 前記耐火性三次元構造体の前記ガス流路方向の長さは、15mm超1000mm以下である、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載のリン化合物含有排ガス浄化用触媒。
- 前記ガス流入側端面及び前記ガス流出側端面に沿って延在して設けられるとともに、前記ガス流入側端面から前記ガス流出側端面まで貫通する複数の前記ガス流路を区画形成する隔壁を有する前記耐火性三次元構造体の前記隔壁上に、前記ガス流入側端面から連続してPdを含む下触媒層用スラリーを塗布、乾燥及び焼成して、前記下触媒層を形成する工程と、
前記下触媒層を形成した後に、前記隔壁上に、前記ガス流入側端面から連続してRhを含むガス流入側上触媒層用スラリーを、前記ガス流出側端面から連続してRhを含むガス流出側触媒層用スラリーを、スラリー同士が互いに接触しないように塗布し、その後、乾燥及び焼成して、前記ガス流入側上触媒層及び前記ガス流出側上触媒層を形成する工程と、
を有する、請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載のリン化合物含有排ガス浄化用触媒の製造方法。 - 請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載のリン化合物含有排ガス浄化用触媒と、
リン化合物含有排ガスと、
を接触させる工程を有する、リン化合物含有排ガスの浄化方法。
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