JP6532476B2 - 架橋ポリマー、その製造方法、モレキュラーシーブ組成物及び材料分離膜 - Google Patents
架橋ポリマー、その製造方法、モレキュラーシーブ組成物及び材料分離膜 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6532476B2 JP6532476B2 JP2016552649A JP2016552649A JP6532476B2 JP 6532476 B2 JP6532476 B2 JP 6532476B2 JP 2016552649 A JP2016552649 A JP 2016552649A JP 2016552649 A JP2016552649 A JP 2016552649A JP 6532476 B2 JP6532476 B2 JP 6532476B2
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- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006352 cycloaddition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001739 density measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- FHIVAFMUCKRCQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diazinon Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)OC1=CC(C)=NC(C(C)C)=N1 FHIVAFMUCKRCQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001595 flow curve Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HTDJPCNNEPUOOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane Chemical compound C[Si]1(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O1 HTDJPCNNEPUOOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009878 intermolecular interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002605 large molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002678 macrocyclic compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940050176 methyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003278 mimic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005615 natural polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NFBOHOGPQUYFRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxanthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 NFBOHOGPQUYFRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006864 oxidative decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005373 pervaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- CYQAYERJWZKYML-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentasulfide Chemical compound S1P(S2)(=S)SP3(=S)SP1(=S)SP2(=S)S3 CYQAYERJWZKYML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006303 photolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015843 photosynthesis, light reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013354 porous framework Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004032 porphyrins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003003 spiro group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003536 tetrazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001391 thioamide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021654 trace metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SXPSZIHEWFTLEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tröger's base Chemical compound C12=CC=C(C)C=C2CN2C3=CC=C(C)C=C3CN1C2 SXPSZIHEWFTLEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009281 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
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- C08J2205/04—Foams characterised by their properties characterised by the foam pores
- C08J2205/044—Micropores, i.e. average diameter being between 0,1 micrometer and 0,1 millimeter
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Description
項1. 制御された酸素濃度下でのPIMsの熱処理による固有微多孔性ポリマー(PIMs)の熱架橋方法。
項2. 熱処理が約300〜約500℃、好ましくは約350〜約450℃の温度範囲で行われる、項1に記載の方法。
項3. 酸素濃度は約0-100 vol.%、好ましくは約0-200 ppm、より好ましくは約0-100 ppmの範囲内である、項1に記載の方法。
項4. 次いで、不活性雰囲気もしくは高真空下で熱処理する、項2又は3に記載の方法。
項5. 項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の方法により製造してなる、架橋固有微多孔性ポリマー(PIM)。
項6. 項5に記載の架橋ポリマー及び多孔性もしくは非多孔性フィラーを含むモレキュラーシーブ組成物。
項7. 前記フィラーが、好ましくは1-1000 nmの範囲、最も好ましくは100 nm以下のサイズの金属有機構造体(MOFs)、ゼオライト様イミダゾレート構造体(ZIFs)、無機モレキュラーシーブ(ゼオライト)、配位有機ポリマー(COFs)及び多孔性有機ケージ(POCs)からなる群から選ばれる、項6に記載の組成物。
項8. 膜ベースのガス分離、炭化水素及び蒸気分離のための材料、吸着材料、触媒担持材料、イオン導電性マトリクス材料又はセンサー材料として使用するための、項6に記載の組成物。
項9. 前記フィラーは、シリカナノ粒子、酸化チタンナノ粒子及び他の無機材料のナノ粒子からなる群から選択される項6に記載の組成物。
項10. 項5に記載の架橋ポリマー及び多孔性又は非多孔性フィラーを含む、材料分離膜。
項11. 項5に記載のポリマー及び多孔性又は非多孔性フィラーを含む材料分離膜であって、前記膜は空気からの窒素分離、空気からの酸素濃縮、窒素及びメタンからの水素分離、天然ガスからの二酸化炭素分離、天然ガス分離、プロピレン/プロパンなどのオレフィン/パラフィン分離、煙道ガスからの二酸化炭素分離に使用される、材料分離膜。
項12. 膜は、二酸化炭素、水素、一酸化炭素、酸素、窒素、炭素数1〜4の炭化水素、希ガス、硫化水素、アンモニア、硫黄酸化物、窒素酸化物、シロキサン、水蒸気又は有機蒸気の分離用である、項10又は11に記載の材料分離膜。
[架橋ポリマー]
本発明において、架橋ポリマーはガス又は液体材料の分離に使用される。架橋されるポリマーは固有微多孔性ポリマー(PIMs)を含む。いくつかの代表的なPIMsの化学構造を以下に示す。
(A) PIM-1ポリマーにおけるニトリル基の合成後修飾. (B) カルボン酸への加水分解 (C) 窒化ナトリウムのテトラゾール基への反応、(D) P2S5のチオアミドへの反応、(E)ヒドロキシルアミンのアミドオキシムへの反応。
本発明の架橋ポリマーは以下の特性を有する:
(i) 引張強度 :約10〜約100 MPa、好ましくは約50-60 MPa、
(ii) 破断点伸び:約1-10%、好ましくは約4-8 %、
(iii) ヤング率:約0.5〜約2.5 GPa、好ましくは約1.2〜約1.7 GPa。
種々のガス及び液体についての優れた分離性能のために、本発明の架橋ポリマーは二酸化炭素、水素、一酸化炭素、酸素、窒素、有機蒸気又は有機物質、炭素数1〜4の炭化水素(メタン、エタン、エチレン又はアセチレン、プロパン、ブタンなど)、希ガス(ヘリウム、ネオン、アルゴン、クリプトン又はキセノンなど)、硫化水素、アンモニア、硫黄酸化物、窒素酸化物、シロキサン(ヘキサメチルシクロトリシロキサン又はオクタメチルシクロテトラシロキサン)、水蒸気、及び有機蒸気分離用の吸着材料として有用である。用語「有機蒸気」は、常温常圧下で液体である有機物質の気化ガスを意味する。このような有機物質の例としてメタノール及びエタノール等のアルコール、トリメチルアミン等のアミン、アセトアルデヒド等のアルデヒド、炭素数5〜16の脂肪族炭化水素、ベンゼン、トルエンなどの芳香族炭化水素、アセトン及びメチルエチルケトン等のケトン類、及びメチルクロライド及びクロロホルム等のハロゲン化炭化水素が挙げられる。
本発明者は高分子膜の熱酸化架橋における酸素の決定的に重要な役割を確認した。PIM-1ポリマーの熱変換のための決定的に重要な問題は、化学反応は雰囲気に大いに依存し、酸化分解、分解及び制御された酸化に分類され得る。PIM-1ポリマーは不活性雰囲気では熱的に安定であり、明らかな分解は純粋なアルゴン中で450℃超の温度で生じる(図3)。TGAにおける熱分解中に発生するガス状生成物のIn situ FTIRスペクトルは、骨格のエーテル結合の切断は分解の主要なステップであり、なぜならジオキサン結合のみが酸素含有基であり、続く脱炭酸反応でガス状生成物(2260 cm-1)としてCO2が主に発生する。より高い温度において、生じたフラグメントは架橋、環化を含むさらなる化学反応を受け、最終的にグラファイトになる。これに対し、ポリマーの熱酸化分解はより高いO2濃度で生じ、明らかな酸化は空気中350℃で開始し、主要なガス状生成物としてCO2を生成する。このような酸化分解は空気中大気圧で高分子膜を高温でベークすることにより確認できる。そのような熱分析結果は350-450℃の反応温度ウィンドウがあり、その温度で制御された酸化が可能であることを示す。PIM-1ポリマーの熱酸化速度は不活性パージガス中では非常に遅くなり得る。例えば、ポリマーは空気中で完全に分解するよりもむしろ200 ppm O2含有アルゴン中、450℃で加熱されて熱分解を受ける。長時間300-450℃の温度範囲で200 ppmの低O2濃度のガス中に膜を暴露すると、種々の程度の分解を生じる(図4)。等温TG実験後のポリマーフィルムのFTIRスペクトルはポリマーの分解の程度に対応する。高度の分解は膜の用途に好ましくない熱分解及び炭素化を誘導するが、これらの促進試験は、酸素の存在下での酸化架橋のメカニズム及び架橋度の微妙な調節を確認する。これらの実験はまた、相当な分解又は炭化よりもむしろ酸化及び架橋の程度を制御し、好適なポイントで反応停止できることを実証する。熱分析はまた、酸化反応はマトリクス中の酸素の高透過性のために、表面酸化というよりむしろ膜を通して起こることを確認する。
PIM-1の合成
PIM-1ポリマーはBudd及びMcKeownにより考案された方法に従い合成された。60℃で約48 h無水ジメチルホルムアミド(200 mL)中のK2CO3(60 mmol)の存在下、精製されたモノマーである5,5′,6,6′-テトラヒドロキシ-3,3,3′,3′-テトラメチルスピロビスインダン(TTSBI、30 mmol)及び2,3,5,6-テトラフルオロテレフタロニトリル(TFTPN、30 mmol)のダブル芳香族求核置換により1段階重縮合が行われた。ポリマーはクロロホルムに溶解し、メタノールから再沈殿し、ろ過し、真空オーブン中110℃で終夜乾燥することにより精製された。分子量はゲル浸透クロマトグラフィー(GPC)で測定された。
ポリマーはクロロホルム(1-2 wt%)溶液に溶解され、不溶性物質をPTFEフィルター(0.45又は1.0 μm)によるろ過もしくは12,000 rpmで30分間の遠心分離により取り除いた。純粋な高分子膜の調製のために、ポリマー溶液の濃度はさらに純粋なN2をバブリングして過剰な溶媒をゆっくり蒸発させることにより8-10%に調整した。ポリマー溶液をグローブボックス中でガラス基板上にキャストした。室温で2日間溶媒をゆっくり蒸発し、乾燥した自立膜をガラス基板から取り除き、終夜メタノールに浸漬し、空気中で乾燥した。その後、膜をより高温でさらに熱処理する前に真空オーブン中、120℃で乾燥した。ナノコンポジット膜はポリマー/ナノ粒子混合物のコロイド溶液から調製され、次いで同じプロトコールで溶液のキャスト及び後処理を行った。
2つのタイプのナノ粒子をフィラーとして使用した: (1)多孔性ゼオライト様イミダゾレート構造体(ZIF-8)ナノ結晶、(2)非多孔性無機ナノ粒子(SiO2、TiO2等)。
薄膜はクリーンシリコンウェハ又はガラス基板上に希釈されたPIM-1クロロホルム溶液(0.8-2 wt%)をスピンコートすることにより調製した。膜厚はポリマー溶液の濃度及びスピニング速度を変化させることにより調整した。
膜は制御雰囲気で高温真空オーブン(Hereasus、20-400℃)中で熱処理した。真空オーブンは真空又はパージモードでの操作により調節された。圧力は減圧トランスミッターにより連続的にモニターされた。この高温真空オーブンは超高真空を与えず、驚くべきことに、オーブン中の痕跡量の酸素の存在がポリマーの予期しない熱酸化架橋をもたらすことに注目すべきである。高温アニール下にポリマーフィルムは熱移動(伝導及び伝達)、物質移動(酸素の拡散及びポリマーマトリクス中の生成物)並びに反応(酸化的鎖切断、架橋と恐らく分解)のために複雑な物理及び化学変化を経験する。これらのマイクロポーラス高分子膜の熱処理のメカニズムのより良い理解のために、本発明者は反応温度、雰囲気(酸素濃度)及び反応時間のようなパラメータを変化させることにより反応工学アプローチを用いて熱処理のプロトコールを変化させた。
ポリマーフィルムの熱分析はまた、熱重量アナライザー(TGA)Q500及びQ600(同時TGA-DSC)で行われ、熱安定性を研究し、十分に制御された雰囲気での熱酸化架橋反応をシミュレートした。TGAから放出されるガス種はFTIRにより分析された。ガス雰囲気はアルゴン、空気(ゼログレード)及びO2/アルゴン混合物(200 ppm O2、バランスのアルゴン)を含んでいた。
低圧ガス吸着
低圧ガス吸着は1 bar以下の圧力でMicromeritics ASAP 2020装置を用いて行った。厚さ約50 μmの高密度高分子膜(約0.1 g)は小片に切断され、装置にロードされ、高真空(<10-6 bar)下に120℃で脱気された。質量の測定後、ガス吸着測定の前にサンプルをさらに高真空下に4 h脱気した。窒素吸着-脱着等温線は各々77 K及び273 Kで測定された。CO2及びCH4の吸着等温線はまた273 Kで測定された。比表面積がBrunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET)モデルに基づき計算され、細孔サイズ分布はN2の吸着が速度支配に従うときに77 KでのN2等温線又は273 KでのCO2吸着等温線から非局所密度汎関数理論(NLDFT)モデルから導かれる。
高圧純粋ガス吸着特性は35 barまでの圧力及び22℃の等温室温で自家製のデュアル体積圧力減衰装置を用いて測定した。サンプルチャンバ及びガスチャージチャンバの圧力はデータ収集システムに接続した2つの圧力トランスデューサー(Keller PAA33X、0-35 bar)により連続的に測定された。ポリマーフィルムのバッチを高真空下に12 h 120℃に加熱した。質量測定後、フィルムをサンプルセルにロードし、吸着測定前にさらに12 h脱気した。次いで、一定量のガスをサンプルチャンバに導入した。ポリマー中のガス吸着がサンプルチャンバの減圧を生じ、最終的に平衡に達した。ガス吸着量は圧縮係数で較正された平衡圧力を用いてガス状態の方程式に基づきガス分子の質量バランスから計算された。測定はH2、O2、N2、CH4及びCO2の順番で進められた。サンプルは各ガスの測定間に徹底的に脱気された。
単一ガス透過
純粋ガス透過試験は一定-体積圧力-増加装置を用いて22℃の温度及び4 barのフィード圧力で行われた膜の一部を装置にロードし、ガス透過測定前に真空ポンプ(Edwards RV3)で脱気した。漏出速度は良好なシール及び脱気により無視できるほど小さい。ガス浸透圧力はデータ収集システムに接続した圧力トランスミッターにより連続的に記録された。ガス透過が偽-定常状態に達すると、浸透チャンバ中の圧力増加勾配(dp/dt)は一定になる。
ガスペア、A及びBの理想選択性
混合ガス透過性は定圧可変体積法を用いて別の膜セルで測定された。膜は1%未満のステージカット(フィードに対する浸透のフローレートの比率)で35 bar以下の圧力、室温(22℃)でCO2/CH4(50/50 vol.%)及びCO2/N2(50/50 vol.%)の保証されたガス混合物に暴露された。フィード及び浸透ガス混合物の組成物は保証されたガス混合物(Scientific and Technical Gases LTD、UK)により較正される熱伝導検出器(TCD)及びフレームイオン化検出器(FID)を備えたガスクロマトグラフ(Shimadzu、モデル2014)により測定された。
Claims (11)
- 制御された酸素濃度下でのPIMsの熱処理による固有微多孔性ポリマー(PIMs)の熱架橋方法であって、PIMsの熱処理が350〜450℃の温度範囲で行われ、制御された酸素濃度が10-200 ppmである方法。
- 固有微多孔性ポリマー(PIMs)がPIM-1である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 次いで、不活性雰囲気もしくは高真空下で熱処理する、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の方法により製造してなる、架橋固有微多孔性ポリマー(PIM)。
- 請求項4に記載の架橋ポリマー及び多孔性もしくは非多孔性フィラーを含むモレキュラーシーブ組成物。
- 前記フィラーが、金属有機構造体(MOFs)、ゼオライト様イミダゾレート構造体(ZIFs)、無機モレキュラーシーブ(ゼオライト)、配位有機ポリマー(COFs)及び多孔性有機ケージ(POCs)からなる群から選ばれる、請求項5に記載の組成物。
- 膜ベースのガス分離、炭化水素及び蒸気分離のための材料、吸着材料、触媒担持材料、イオン導電性マトリクス材料又はセンサー材料として使用するための、請求項5に記載の組成物。
- 前記フィラーは、シリカナノ粒子、酸化チタンナノ粒子及び他の無機材料のナノ粒子からなる群から選択される請求項5に記載の組成物。
- 請求項4に記載の架橋ポリマー及び多孔性又は非多孔性フィラーを含む、材料分離膜。
- 請求項4に記載のポリマー及び多孔性又は非多孔性フィラーを含む材料分離膜であって、前記膜は空気からの窒素分離、空気からの酸素濃縮、窒素及びメタンからの水素分離、天然ガスからの二酸化炭素分離、天然ガス分離、オレフィン/パラフィン分離、煙道ガスからの二酸化炭素分離に使用される、材料分離膜。
- 膜は、二酸化炭素、水素、一酸化炭素、酸素、窒素、炭素数1〜4の炭化水素、希ガス、硫化水素、アンモニア、硫黄酸化物、窒素酸化物、シロキサン、水蒸気又は有機蒸気の分離用である、請求項9又は10に記載の材料分離膜。
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