JP6453875B2 - 充電式リチウムイオン蓄電池 - Google Patents
充電式リチウムイオン蓄電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6453875B2 JP6453875B2 JP2016527163A JP2016527163A JP6453875B2 JP 6453875 B2 JP6453875 B2 JP 6453875B2 JP 2016527163 A JP2016527163 A JP 2016527163A JP 2016527163 A JP2016527163 A JP 2016527163A JP 6453875 B2 JP6453875 B2 JP 6453875B2
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- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 21
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 20
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 54
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006025 fining agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000319 transition metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002241 glass-ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910015902 Bi 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 229910013872 LiPF Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 101150058243 Lipf gene Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 5
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002879 Lewis base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000007527 lewis bases Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- SPEUIVXLLWOEMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COC(C)OC SPEUIVXLLWOEMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005247 gettering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012254 powdered material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether Natural products COCCOCCOCCOCCOC ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010199 LiAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010238 LiAlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015044 LiB Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910011281 LiCoPO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010707 LiFePO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015645 LiMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910016087 LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013528 LiN(SO2 CF3)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910011456 LiNi0.80Co0.15Al0.05O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910014422 LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013086 LiNiPO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012513 LiSbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013391 LizN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- BTGRAWJCKBQKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N adiponitrile Chemical compound N#CCCCCC#N BTGRAWJCKBQKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003915 cell function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000779 depleting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000003292 diminished effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005274 electronic transitions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940104869 fluorosilicate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003574 free electron Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005816 glass manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001616 ion spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021450 lithium metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021437 lithium-transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002826 nitrites Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002743 phosphorus functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/431—Inorganic material
- H01M50/434—Ceramics
- H01M50/437—Glass
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4235—Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/062—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/628—Inhibitors, e.g. gassing inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/44—Fibrous material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
- Cell Separators (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Description
SiO2 20〜75
Al2O3 0〜45
B2O3 0〜20
Li2O 0〜20
R2O <15%
RO 5〜75
MgO 0〜59
CaO 0〜69
BaO 0〜75
SrO 0〜25
ZrO2 0〜17
ZnO 0〜5
P2O5 0〜10
F 0〜2
清澄剤 2%以下の通常量で、
ここで、R2Oは、ナトリウム酸化物とカリウム酸化物の総含量であり、ROは、MgO、CaO、BaO、SrO、ZnOの種類の酸化物の総含量であり、かつ不測の不純物を除き、チタン酸化物は含まれない。
SiO2 45〜60
Al2O3 5〜30
B2O3 5〜30
を含む。
SiO2 15〜75
BaO 10〜80
ZrO2 0〜15
CaO 0〜30
MgO 0〜30
MgO+BaO+CaO+Li2O+ZrO2 ≧20
NiO 0〜10
PbO 0〜10
ZnO 0〜10
F 0〜5
清澄剤 2質量%以下の通常の量
を含み、ここで
Li2O+Al2O3 ≧0.1〜35
Li2O 0.05〜25、および
Al2O3 0.05〜10
であるか、または
Li2O+P2O5 ≧0.1〜45
Li2O 0.05〜25、および
P2O5 0.05〜20
であるか、または
P2O5+Al2O3 ≧0.1〜30
P2O5 0.05〜20、および
Al2O3 0.05〜10
であり、その際、
好ましくは、Al2O3は、0.1超、特に好ましくは0.5超であり、
好ましくは、P2O5は、0.1超、特に好ましくは0.5超であり、かつ
好ましくは、Li2Oは、好ましくは、0.08超、特に好ましくは0.1超である
前記ガラスベース材料によって解決される。
SiO2 15〜45
BaO 10〜80
ZrO2 0〜15
CaO 0〜30
MgO 0〜30
MgO+BaO+CaO+Li2O+ZrO2 ≧30
NiO 0〜10
PbO 0〜10
ZnO 0〜10
F 0〜5
清澄剤 2質量%以下の通常の量
を含み、ここで
Li2O+Al2O3 ≧0.1〜35
Li2O 0.05〜25、および
Al2O3 0.05〜10
であるか、または
Li2O+P2O5 ≧0.1〜45
Li2O 0.05〜25、および
P2O5 0.05〜20
であるか、または
P2O5+Al2O3 ≧0.1〜30
P2O5 0.05〜20、および
Al2O3 0.05〜10
であり、その際、
好ましくは、Al2O3は、0.1超、特に好ましくは0.5超であり、
好ましくは、P2O5は、0.1超、特に好ましくは0.5超であり、かつ
好ましくは、Li2Oは、好ましくは0.08超、特に好ましくは0.1超である。
SiO2 20〜40
BaO 40〜80
ZrO2 0〜8
CaO 0〜30
MgO 0〜30
MgO+BaO+CaO+Li2O+ZrO2 >30
NiO 0〜10
PbO 0〜10
ZnO 0〜10
F 0〜5
清澄剤 2質量%以下の通常の量
を含み、ここで
Li2O+Al2O3 ≧0.1〜35
Li2O 0.05〜25、および
Al2O3 0.05〜10
であるか、または
Li2O+P2O5 ≧0.1〜45
Li2O 0.05〜25、および
P2O5 0.05〜20
であるか、または
P2O5+Al2O3 ≧0.1〜30
P2O5 0.05〜20、および
Al2O3 0.05〜10
であり、その際、
好ましくは、Al2O3は、0.1超、特に好ましくは0.5超であり、
好ましくは、P2O5は、0.1超、特に好ましくは0.5超であり、かつ
好ましくは、Li2Oは、好ましくは0.08超、特に好ましくは0.1超である。
SiO2 15〜45
BaO 40〜80
ZrO2 0〜15
CaO 0〜30
MgO 0〜30
MgO+BaO+CaO+Li2O+ZrO2 >30
NiO 0〜10
PbO 0〜10
ZnO 0〜10
F 0〜5
清澄剤 2質量%以下の通常の量
を含み、ここで
Li2O+Al2O3 ≧0.1〜35
Li2O 0.05〜25、および
Al2O3 0.05〜10
であるか、または
Li2O+P2O5 ≧0.1〜45
Li2O 0.05〜25、および
P2O5 0.05〜20
であるか、または
P2O5+Al2O3 ≧0.1〜30
P2O5 0.05〜20、および
Al2O3 0.05〜10
であり、その際、
好ましくは、Al2O3は、0.1超、特に好ましくは0.5超であり、
好ましくは、P2O5は、0.1超、特に好ましくは0.5超であり、かつ
好ましくは、Li2Oは、好ましくは0.08超、特に好ましくは0.1超である。
SiO2 15〜45
RO 40〜80
ZrO2 0〜15
清澄剤 2質量%以下の通常の量
を含み、
Rは、BaまたはMgまたはCaであり、ここで
Li2O+Al2O3 ≧0.1〜35
Li2O 0.05〜25、および
Al2O3 0.05〜10
であるか、または
Li2O+P2O5 ≧0.1〜45
Li2O 0.05〜25、および
P2O5 0.05〜20
であるか、または
P2O5+Al2O3 ≧0.1〜30
P2O5 0.05〜20、および
Al2O3 0.05〜10
である。
第2表においては、複数の実施例がまとめられている(比較例は、「CE」で示され、実施例が「EX」で示されている)。
Claims (17)
- 電解質内の導電性塩を安定化するための、液状電解質またはポリマー電解質を含む充電式リチウムイオン蓄電池用の添加剤としてのガラスベース材料の使用であって、前記ガラスベース材料は、ガラスまたはガラスセラミックからなるとともに、少なくとも、以下の成分(酸化物を基準とした質量%):
SiO2 15〜45
BaO 10〜80
ZrO2 0〜15
CaO 0〜30
MgO 0〜30
MgO+BaO+CaO+Li2O+ZrO2 ≧30
NiO 0〜10
PbO 0〜10
ZnO 0〜10
F 0〜5
清澄剤 2質量%以下の通常の量
を含み、ここで
Li2O+Al2O3 ≧0.1〜35
Li2O 0.05〜25、および
Al2O3 0.05〜10
であるか、または
Li2O+P2O5 ≧0.1〜45
Li2O 0.05〜25、および
P2O5 0.05〜20
であるか、または
P2O5+Al2O3 ≧0.1〜30
P2O5 0.05〜20、および
Al2O3 0.05〜10
であり、前記添加剤は、少なくとも10m 2 /gのBETによる表面積を有する粉末状に構成されている、前記使用。 - 前記ガラスベース材料は、少なくとも、以下の成分(酸化物を基準とした質量%):
SiO2 20〜40
BaO 40〜80
ZrO2 0〜8
CaO 0〜30
MgO 0〜30
MgO+BaO+CaO+Li2O+ZrO2 ≧30
NiO 0〜10
PbO 0〜10
ZnO 0〜10
F 0〜5
清澄剤 2質量%以下の通常の量
を含み、ここで
Li2O+Al2O3 ≧0.1〜35
Li2O 0.05〜25、および
Al2O3 0.05〜10
であるか、または
Li2O+P2O5 ≧0.1〜45
Li2O 0.05〜25、および
P2O5 0.05〜20
であるか、または
P2O5+Al2O3 ≧0.1〜30
P2O5 0.05〜20、および
Al2O3 0.05〜10
である、請求項1に記載のガラスベース材料の使用。 - 前記ガラスベース材料は、少なくとも、以下の成分(酸化物を基準とした質量%):
SiO2 15〜45
BaO 40〜80
ZrO2 0〜15
CaO 0〜30
MgO 0〜30
MgO+BaO+CaO+Li2O+ZrO2 ≧30
NiO 0〜10
PbO 0〜10
ZnO 0〜10
F 0〜5
清澄剤 2質量%以下の通常の量
を含み、ここで
Li2O+Al2O3 ≧0.1〜35
Li2O 0.05〜25、および
Al2O3 0.05〜10
であるか、または
Li2O+P2O5 ≧0.1〜45
Li2O 0.05〜25、および
P2O5 0.05〜20
であるか、または
P2O5+Al2O3 ≧0.1〜30
P2O5 0.05〜20、および
Al2O3 0.05〜10
である、請求項1に記載のガラスベース材料の使用。 - 前記ガラスベース材料は、少なくとも、以下の成分(酸化物を基準とした質量%):
SiO2 15〜45
RO 40〜80
ZrO2 0〜15
清澄剤 2質量%以下の通常の量
を含み、
Rは、BaまたはMgまたはCaであり、ここで
Li2O+Al2O3 ≧0.1〜35
Li2O 0.05〜25、および
Al2O3 0.05〜10
であるか、または
Li2O+P2O5 ≧0.1〜45
Li2O 0.05〜25、および
P2O5 0.05〜20
であるか、または
P2O5+Al2O3 ≧0.1〜30
P2O5 0.05〜20、および
Al2O3 0.05〜10
である、請求項1に記載のガラスベース材料の使用。 - 前記添加剤は、粉末状添加剤として蓄電池中に組み込まれており、または粉末の高い表面積を維持しつつセパレーターの被覆として組み込まれており、または蓄電池の電極の一部として組み込まれており、または電極の表面上に施与されており、または蓄電池を取り囲むケーシングの被覆として構成されている、請求項1から4までのいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- Al2O3は、0.1超であり、P 2 O5は、0.1超であり、かつ、Li 2Oは、0.08超である、請求項1から5までのいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- Al 2 O 3 は、0.5超であり、P 2 O 5 は、0.5超であり、かつ、Li 2 Oは、0.1超である、請求項1から6までのいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 清澄剤として、SnO2、As2O3、Sb2O3、硫黄またはCeO2が使用される、請求項1から7までのいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 多価の清澄剤は、最大で0.1質量%まで存在する、請求項1から8までのいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 多価の清澄剤は、最大で0.05質量%まで存在する、請求項1から9までのいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- Fe2O3、NiO、CuO、Bi2O3の含量は、それぞれ最大で0.1質量%である、請求項1から10までのいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- Fe 2 O 3 、NiO、CuO、Bi 2 O 3 の含量は、それぞれ最大で0.05質量%である、請求項1から11までのいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 前記電解質は、1種以上の非水性の、無水の、非プロトン性の溶剤の、少なくとも1種のフッ化物系導電性塩を含む混合物からなる、請求項1から12までのいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 導電性塩としては、LiPF6 が使用される、請求項13に記載の使用。
- 導電性塩としては、エチレンカーボネートまたはジエチルカーボネート中のLiPF 6 が使用される、請求項13に記載の使用。
- 少なくとも1種のリチウム含有の遷移金属またはリチウム含有の遷移金属リン酸塩を含む、高性能セルの熱的安定化のための、請求項1から15までのいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 少なくとも1種のリチウム含有の遷移金属またはリチウム含有の遷移金属リン酸塩を含む、高電圧カソード材料を含む高性能セルの熱的安定化のための、請求項1から15までのいずれか1項に記載の使用。
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