JP6395175B2 - 放射線遮断シート紙およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
放射線遮断シート紙およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6395175B2 JP6395175B2 JP2012037694A JP2012037694A JP6395175B2 JP 6395175 B2 JP6395175 B2 JP 6395175B2 JP 2012037694 A JP2012037694 A JP 2012037694A JP 2012037694 A JP2012037694 A JP 2012037694A JP 6395175 B2 JP6395175 B2 JP 6395175B2
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- Prior art keywords
- pulp
- radiation shielding
- shielding sheet
- paper
- fiber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 57
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
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- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000000907 Musa textilis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010905 bagasse Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002761 deinking Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
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- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000218631 Coniferophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002085 Dialdehyde starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002978 Vinylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002573 ethenylidene group Chemical group [*]=C=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229960002089 ferrous chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound O=C.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012764 mineral filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001254 oxidized starch Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
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- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)CC(O)=O ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000925 very toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
- G21F1/02—Selection of uniform shielding materials
- G21F1/08—Metals; Alloys; Cermets, i.e. sintered mixtures of ceramics and metals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
- A41D13/04—Aprons; Fastening devices for aprons
- A41D13/043—Aprons resistant to mechanical aggressions, e.g. butcher's aprons
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
- A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/015—Natural yarns or filaments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/14—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
- D04H3/153—Mixed yarns or filaments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/83—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with metals; with metal-generating compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls; Reduction of metal compounds on textiles
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H11/00—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only
- D21H11/02—Chemical or chemomechanical or chemothermomechanical pulp
- D21H11/04—Kraft or sulfate pulp
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
- D21H17/67—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
- D21H21/18—Reinforcing agents
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
- D21H21/18—Reinforcing agents
- D21H21/20—Wet strength agents
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
- G21F1/02—Selection of uniform shielding materials
- G21F1/10—Organic substances; Dispersions in organic carriers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
- G21F1/02—Selection of uniform shielding materials
- G21F1/10—Organic substances; Dispersions in organic carriers
- G21F1/103—Dispersions in organic carriers
- G21F1/106—Dispersions in organic carriers metallic dispersions
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
- G21F1/12—Laminated shielding materials
- G21F1/125—Laminated shielding materials comprising metals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F3/00—Shielding characterised by its physical form, e.g. granules, or shape of the material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F3/00—Shielding characterised by its physical form, e.g. granules, or shape of the material
- G21F3/02—Clothing
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
- D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/25—Resistance to light or sun, i.e. protection of the textile itself as well as UV shielding materials or treatment compositions therefor; Anti-yellowing treatments
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
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Description
線遮断シート紙およびその製造方法を提供することを目的とする。
前記放射線遮断材の平均粒径が、7.6マイクロメートル以上40マイクロメートル以下であり、
前記放射線遮断材の含有量が、前記パルプ状繊維1に対して重量比で1以上とされ、かつ、前記放射線遮断シート紙における前記パルプ状繊維の含有量は前記放射線遮断材に次いで大きく、
前記放射線遮断材がタングステンもしくはタングステンの酸化物であることを特徴とする。
本発明の放射線遮断シート紙の製造方法において、前記繊維を、叩解度として750CSF〜100CSFの範囲として叩解し、水に分散してスラリーを調製し、得られたスラリーを湿式抄紙法で抄造してもよい。
前記繊維が、グランドウッドパルプ、プレッシャーライズドグランドウッドパルプ、サーモメカニカルパルプとされる機械パルプ、針葉樹高歩留り未晒クラフトパルプ、針葉樹晒クラフトパルプ、広葉樹未晒クラフトパルプ、広葉樹晒クラフトパルプとされる化学パルプ、デインキングパルプ、ウェイストパルプとされる古紙パルプ、セミケミカルパルプとされる木材パルプ、木材以外の天然繊維である木綿、わら、竹、エスパルト、バガス、リンター、マニラ麻、亜麻、麻、黄麻、雁皮からなるパルプ状繊維の中から一種または二種以上を選択して用いられてもよい。
図1は、本実施形態の放射線遮断シート紙(放射線遮断シート)1を示す断面図である。放射線遮断シート1は、繊維10と、粒状の放射線遮断材20とを含んでおり、繊維10と、放射線遮断材20とがシート状の紙として一体化されて形成されている。
例えば、放射線遮断シート1の強度と耐水性を向上させたい場合は、90〜250℃で熱融着機能を発揮する有機高分子繊維の使用が好適である。なお、ここで熱融着とは、溶融又は軟化による接着機能を意味する。
この場合に用いる有機高分子繊維としては、例えば、芯/鞘の二層構造で、PP(ポリプロピレン)/PP、PP/PE(ポリエチレン)、PET(ポリエチレンテレフタレート)/低融点PET等の複合繊維、低融点PET繊維、あるいはPP繊維等のように構成された芯鞘構造や単一成分構造の熱融着繊維等が挙げられる。
本発明の放射線遮断シートを湿式抄紙法または乾式抄紙法により製造する場合には、粒状の放射線遮断材の直径は、1マイクロメートル(μm)以上100μm以下が好ましく、1μm以上30μm以下がより好ましい。直径が1μmを下回ると抄造時に抄紙ワイヤーで抜けが生じ、歩留まりが大きく低下するため放射線遮断材を設定した量だけ放射線遮断シートに含有させることが困難となる。一方、直径が100μmを上回ると凝集性が低下し、繊維10が放射線遮断材20を十分な強度で保持出来ないため、乾燥後、放射線遮断シートから放射線遮断材が脱落するおそれがある。
放射線遮断シート1を湿式抄紙法により製造する場合は、配合した材料を水に分散してスラリーを調製し、得られたスラリーを湿式抄紙機で抄造する(抄紙工程)。主体繊維としての繊維10は、あらかじめ、叩解しておくのが好ましい。叩解は、シングルディスクリファイナー(SDR)、ダブルディスクリファイナー(DDR)、ビーター等の叩解機により適宜行なうことができる。叩解度としては、カナダ標準濾水度(CSF:JIS P 8121)で750CSF〜100CSF程度が好ましく、500CSF〜150CSF程度がより好ましい。
抄紙工程において、凝集剤の添加およびその添加量は任意であるが、凝集剤を添加する場合は、水分散液中の固形分に対して0.001wt%以上が好ましく、0.005wt%以上がより好ましい。添加量が0.001wt%を下回ると、凝集効果が得られない恐れがある。
サイズ剤としては、特に限定されるものではないが、例えば、酸性抄紙用のロジン系サイズ剤、石油樹脂系サイズ剤、中性抄紙用にアルキルケテンダイマー系サイズ剤、アルケニル無水コハク酸系サイズ剤等の各種サイズ剤が挙げられる。
湿潤紙力増強剤としては、例えば、メラミン系樹脂、尿素系樹脂、ポリアミドエピクロロヒドリン樹脂、エポキシ系樹脂、ジアルデヒド澱粉、ポリアクリルアミド及びポリエチレンイミン等が挙げられる。
填料としては、例えば、タルク、カオリン、焼成カオリン、クレー、ケイソウ土、重質炭酸カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、水酸化アルミニウム、二酸化チタン、硫酸マグネシウム、シリカ、アルミノ硅酸塩、ベントナイト等の鉱物質填料やポリスチレン粒子、尿素ホルマリン樹脂粒子等の有機合成填料等が挙げられる。
更に、染料、pH調整剤、スライムコントロール剤、消泡剤、粘剤等の抄紙用の各種添加助剤も用途に応じて使用できる。
放射線遮断シート1が上述の坪量範囲を実現するために必要な放射線遮断材20の含有率は、材質によって多少異なるが、繊維(補助繊維を混合する場合は主体繊維および補助繊維の合計)1に対して、放射線遮断材は重量比で少なくとも0.25以上であり、1以上が好ましく、4以上がより好ましい。
(実施例1)
繊維10として、叩解機(DDR)を使用して450CSFに調整したNBKPを、放射線遮断材20として、タングステン(アライドマテリアル社製 商品名:D−100、平均粒径(フィッシャー法)7.6〜12μm)を準備した。繊維10を20wt%、放射線遮断材20を80wt%の比率で配合した後に、原料パルプ全量に対して、湿潤紙力剤(星光PMC株式会社製 商品名WS4024)を0.5wt%、乾燥紙力剤(星光PMC株式会社製 商品名DS4356)を0.5wt%配合し、原料スラリーを得た。
この原料スラリーの固形分100重量部に対し、凝集剤(荒川化学社製 商品名ポリテンション)0.005wt%を添加し凝集体分散液を調整した。この凝集体分散液を傾斜式抄紙機で抄造し、坪量700g/m2の放射線遮断シートを得た。
放射線遮断材20として、タングステン(日本新金属社製 商品名:WL、平均粒径(フィッシャー法)10.0〜40.0μm)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様の手順で製造し、坪量700g/m2の放射線遮断シートを得た。
いずれの実施例の放射線遮断シートも、厚さ300μm程度であり、折り曲げ、貼り合わせ、さらには所定の形状に切り出す等の各種加工を容易に行うことができ、優れた加工性を有していた。
(実験1 X線遮断性能の測定)
X線を発生させる管球の管電流を200ミリアンペア(mA)で固定し、管電圧を50キロボルト(kV)から150kVまで順次増加させた。管球とテーブルの距離は120cmとし、散乱線をカウントしないよう、スキンドーズ線量計の測定素子をテーブル面から10cm離して設置した。また、ヒール効果が生じないよう、管球の陽極と陰極とを結ぶ線に垂直となるように測定素子を配置した。
照射時間は100ミリ秒(msec)とし、同一照射野内で照射および測定を3回行い、その平均値を採用した。採用した値に対し、放射線遮断材料のない状態での測定値を基準として遮断率を算出した。
放射線遮断材料として、実施例1および実施例2の放射線遮断シート(1枚、5枚重ね、10枚重ね)を用いた。また比較対照として、鉛の薄板(厚さ0.25mm、1.0mm)を用いた測定も行った。
線源として、図3に示す4種類を準備した。各線源と測定器との距離を調節して、放射線遮断材料がない状態で0.27マイクロシーベルト毎時(μSv/h)となるように設定した。0.27μSv/hという値は、実験における実験者の被ばく量を考慮して設定したものである。
放射線遮断材料として、実施例1および実施例2の放射線遮断シート(いずれも10枚重ね)を用いた。また比較対照として、鉛の薄板(厚さ1.0mmおよび0.5mm)を用いた測定も行った。
図3に結果を示す。実施例1および実施例2のいずれも、10枚重ねることで0.5mm厚の鉛と概ね同等のγ線遮断性能を発揮した。また、その遮断性能は線源の主エネルギーが高くなるにつれて徐々に低下した。この傾向は鉛と同様であった。
X線撮像装置(FCR(登録商標))を用いて50kV、200mA、50msecの条件で各実施例の放射線遮断シートを撮影した。取得した画像は直線性1024階調にて処理した。
図4に撮影した画像を示す。(a)、(b)、(c)の各画像において、上段の白い領域には、比較対照として0.25mm厚の鉛を用いた既存のプロテクターを配置している。中段は遮断なしの領域である。下段が本実施形態の放射線遮断シートであり、それぞれ左側が実施例1、右側が実施例2である。また(a)は放射線遮断シートが1枚、(b)は5枚重ね、(c)は10枚重ねである。
図4(a)に示すように、いずれの実施例についても1枚である程度X線を遮断していることが確認されたが、部位により遮断にばらつきがあり、斑状に撮像された。いずれの実施例の放射線遮断シートも、複数枚重ねることで遮断が強くなり、10枚重ねると、画像上は鉛と同等になり、斑状のばらつきもみられなくなった。
10 繊維
20 放射線遮断材
Claims (4)
- パルプ状繊維と、粒状の放射線遮断材とが抄紙法によりシート状に一体化されて形成された放射線遮断シート紙であって、
前記放射線遮断材の平均粒径が、7.6マイクロメートル以上40マイクロメートル以下であり、
前記放射線遮断材の含有量が、前記パルプ状繊維1に対して重量比で1以上とされ、かつ、前記放射線遮断シート紙における前記パルプ状繊維の含有量は前記放射線遮断材に次いで大きく、
前記放射線遮断材がタングステンもしくはタングステンの酸化物であることを特徴とする放射線遮断シート紙。 - 請求項1に記載の放射線遮断シート紙の製造方法であって、湿式抄紙法を用いて、前記パルプ状繊維および前記放射線遮断材を一体としてシート状の紙に構成することを特徴とする放射線遮断シート紙の製造方法。
- 前記パルプ状繊維を、叩解度として750CSF〜100CSFの範囲として叩解し、水に分散してスラリーを調製し、得られたスラリーを湿式抄紙法で抄造することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の放射線遮断シート紙の製造方法。
- 前記パルプ状繊維は、グランドウッドパルプ、プレッシャーライズドグランドウッドパルプ、サーモメカニカルパルプ等の機械パルプ、針葉樹高歩留り未晒クラフトパルプ、針葉樹晒クラフトパルプ、広葉樹未晒クラフトパルプ、広葉樹晒クラフトパルプ等の化学パルプ、デインキングパルプ、ウェイストパルプ等の古紙パルプ、セミケミカルパルプ等の木材パルプ、木材以外の天然繊維である木綿、わら、竹、エスパルト、バガス、リンター、マニラ麻、亜麻、麻、黄麻、雁皮からなるパルプ状繊維の中から一種または二種以上を選択して用いられることを特徴とする請求項2または3に記載の放射線遮断シート紙の製造方法。
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KR1020147023229A KR102301365B1 (ko) | 2012-02-23 | 2013-02-25 | 방사선 차단 시트 |
KR1020207004702A KR20200020984A (ko) | 2012-02-23 | 2013-02-25 | 방사선 차단 시트 |
EP13752307.2A EP2819124B1 (en) | 2012-02-23 | 2013-02-25 | Radiation-shielding sheet |
PCT/JP2013/054707 WO2013125720A1 (ja) | 2012-02-23 | 2013-02-25 | 放射線遮断シート |
US14/461,567 US10622113B2 (en) | 2012-02-23 | 2014-08-18 | Radiation shielding sheet |
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JP6046428B2 (ja) * | 2012-09-07 | 2016-12-14 | 帝人株式会社 | 放射線遮蔽性シート |
CN105899260A (zh) * | 2013-12-25 | 2016-08-24 | 国立大学法人神户大学 | 放射线治疗用间隔物 |
JP2016011913A (ja) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-01-21 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | 低エネルギーx線用防護材 |
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US10340049B2 (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2019-07-02 | Savannah River Nuclear Solutions, Llc | Alpha/beta radiation shielding materials |
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2012
- 2012-02-23 JP JP2012037694A patent/JP6395175B2/ja active Active
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2013
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- 2013-02-25 EP EP13752307.2A patent/EP2819124B1/en active Active
- 2013-02-25 KR KR1020147023229A patent/KR102301365B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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2014
- 2014-08-18 US US14/461,567 patent/US10622113B2/en active Active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20160322122A1 (en) | 2016-11-03 |
KR20200020984A (ko) | 2020-02-26 |
EP2819124A1 (en) | 2014-12-31 |
KR20150021015A (ko) | 2015-02-27 |
KR102301365B1 (ko) | 2021-09-14 |
US20200251234A1 (en) | 2020-08-06 |
JP2013174458A (ja) | 2013-09-05 |
EP2819124B1 (en) | 2017-10-18 |
US10622113B2 (en) | 2020-04-14 |
EP2819124A4 (en) | 2015-10-21 |
WO2013125720A1 (ja) | 2013-08-29 |
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