JP6336600B2 - ボンディング層を施与する方法 - Google Patents
ボンディング層を施与する方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6336600B2 JP6336600B2 JP2016541823A JP2016541823A JP6336600B2 JP 6336600 B2 JP6336600 B2 JP 6336600B2 JP 2016541823 A JP2016541823 A JP 2016541823A JP 2016541823 A JP2016541823 A JP 2016541823A JP 6336600 B2 JP6336600 B2 JP 6336600B2
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- Prior art keywords
- aluminum
- bonding
- layer
- basic
- protective
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 105
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 200
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 196
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 186
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 75
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 50
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 48
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 InN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017083 AlN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910015894 BeTe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910004613 CdTe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910005542 GaSb Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910005543 GaSe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000673 Indium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000577 Silicon-germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910007709 ZnTe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- UHYPYGJEEGLRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+);selenium(2-) Chemical compound [Se-2].[Cd+2] UHYPYGJEEGLRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003486 chemical etching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- WPYVAWXEWQSOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium antimonide Chemical compound [Sb]#[In] WPYVAWXEWQSOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RPQDHPTXJYYUPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium arsenide Chemical compound [In]#[As] RPQDHPTXJYYUPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SBIBMFFZSBJNJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenium;zinc Chemical compound [Se]=[Zn] SBIBMFFZSBJNJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010944 silver (metal) Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 54
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 52
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 49
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 45
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 41
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 40
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 31
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 26
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 9
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910002056 binary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229910018229 Al—Ga Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910018134 Al-Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910018137 Al-Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910018459 Al—Ge Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910018467 Al—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910018573 Al—Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N digallium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ga+3].[Ga+3] AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001195 gallium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium oxide Inorganic materials O=[Ge]=O YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxogermanium Chemical compound [Ge]=O PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- RNQKDQAVIXDKAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum gallium Chemical compound [Al].[Ga] RNQKDQAVIXDKAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FJMNNXLGOUYVHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum zinc Chemical compound [Al].[Zn] FJMNNXLGOUYVHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002738 metalloids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910005540 GaP Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GANNOFFDYMSBSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [AlH3].[Mg] Chemical compound [AlH3].[Mg] GANNOFFDYMSBSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021513 gallium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DNUARHPNFXVKEI-UHFFFAOYSA-K gallium(iii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Ga+3] DNUARHPNFXVKEI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 150000002290 germanium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002843 nonmetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010405 reoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 108700012359 toxins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L24/00—Arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies; Methods or apparatus related thereto
- H01L24/80—Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected
- H01L24/83—Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected using a layer connector
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B81C3/00—Assembling of devices or systems from individually processed components
- B81C3/001—Bonding of two components
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
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- H01L24/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L24/26—Layer connectors, e.g. plate connectors, solder or adhesive layers; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L24/28—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors prior to the connecting process
- H01L24/29—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors prior to the connecting process of an individual layer connector
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
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- H01L24/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L24/26—Layer connectors, e.g. plate connectors, solder or adhesive layers; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L24/31—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors after the connecting process
- H01L24/32—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors after the connecting process of an individual layer connector
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- B81C1/00015—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate for manufacturing microsystems
- B81C1/00261—Processes for packaging MEMS devices
- B81C1/00269—Bonding of solid lids or wafers to the substrate
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- B81C2201/00—Manufacture or treatment of microstructural devices or systems
- B81C2201/01—Manufacture or treatment of microstructural devices or systems in or on a substrate
- B81C2201/0101—Shaping material; Structuring the bulk substrate or layers on the substrate; Film patterning
- B81C2201/0102—Surface micromachining
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- H01L2224/291—Material with a principal constituent of the material being a metal or a metalloid, e.g. boron [B], silicon [Si], germanium [Ge], arsenic [As], antimony [Sb], tellurium [Te] and polonium [Po], and alloys thereof
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- H01L2224/29101—Material with a principal constituent of the material being a metal or a metalloid, e.g. boron [B], silicon [Si], germanium [Ge], arsenic [As], antimony [Sb], tellurium [Te] and polonium [Po], and alloys thereof the principal constituent melting at a temperature of less than 400°C
- H01L2224/29105—Gallium [Ga] as principal constituent
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L2224/29101—Material with a principal constituent of the material being a metal or a metalloid, e.g. boron [B], silicon [Si], germanium [Ge], arsenic [As], antimony [Sb], tellurium [Te] and polonium [Po], and alloys thereof the principal constituent melting at a temperature of less than 400°C
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Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
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- Wire Bonding (AREA)
- Contacts (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Description
・殊に、0Vを上回る、有利に1.00Vを上回る、より有利に2.00Vを上回る標準電極電位によって定義された、低い酸素親和性、特に基本材料の酸素親和性よりも低いこと、
・殊に、10-5モル%、有利に10-3モル%を上回る、より有利に1モル%を上回る、最も有利に10モル%を上回る、とりわけ有利に40モル%を上回る、基本材料中の高い溶解度、
・前記基本材料の性質は、不利な影響に及ぼされず、したがって、望ましい高い導電率の場合、導電性は、劣化されず、望ましい高い強度の場合、強度は、減少しないこと、
・雰囲気に対して、緊密であること、
・安価、
・高い使用可能性、
・低い毒性、殊に毒性ではないこと、および/または
・良好なボンディング特性。
・金属、殊に
Cu、Ag、Au、Al、Fe、Ni、Co、Pt、W、Cr、Pb、Ti、Te、Sn、Zn、Ga、
・アルカリ金属、殊に
Li、Na、K、Rb、Cs、
・アルカリ土類金属、殊に
Mg、Ca、Sr、Ba、
・合金、
・半導体、殊に相応するドーピングを備えた半導体、
元素半導体、殊に
Si、Ge、Se、Te、B、Sn、
化合物半導体、殊に
GaAs、GaN、InP、InxGal−xN、InSb、InAs、GaSb、AlN、InN、GaP、BeTe、ZnO、CuInGaSe2、ZnS、ZnSe、ZnTe、CdS、CdSe、CdTe、Hg(1−x)Cd(x)Te、BeSe、HgS、AlxGal−xAs、GaS、GaSe、GaTe、InS、InSe、InTe、CuInSe2、CuInS2、CuInGaS2、SiC、SiGe。
・化学的酸化物除去、殊に
ガス状還元剤および/または
液体還元剤による化学的酸化物除去、
・物理的酸化物除去、殊にプラズマでの物理的酸化物除去、
・イオンアシスト化学エッチング、殊に
高速イオン照射(FAB、スパッタリング)、
研磨および/または
ポリッシング。
・物理気相成長(英語:physical vapour deposition、PVD:物理蒸着)、
・化学気相成長(英語:chemical vapour deposition、CVD:化学蒸着)、
・ガルヴァーニ電気的析出法、
・ゾルゲル法。
本発明による思想を適用することができる第1の系は、系アルミニウム−ゲルマニウム、略してAl−Geである。二成分系Al−Geは、アルミニウム中のゲルマニウムの部分的な限界溶解度およびゲルマニウム中のアルミニウムのほとんどないくらいに低い限界溶解度を有する、純粋な共晶系である。したがって、基本材料として、アルミニウムが選択される。
本発明による思想を適用することができる、第2の系は、アルミニウム−ガリウム、略してAl−Gaである。二成分系アルミニウム−ガリウムは、極めて強い縮退を有する、純粋な共晶系である。この共晶濃度は、純粋なガリウムの濃度に極めて近い。
本発明による思想を適用することができる、第3の系は、アルミニウム−亜鉛、略してAl−Znである。二成分系アルミニウム−亜鉛は、亜鉛富有の共晶および亜鉛富有の共析晶を有する、二成分系である。本発明による思想には、殊に、系のパートナーの限界溶解度が重要である。相図Al−Znによれば、アルミニウムは、亜鉛に対して限界溶解度を有し、および亜鉛は、僅かであっても、アルミニウムに対して限界溶解度を有する。アルミニウムは、有利に基本材料として使用され、および亜鉛は、有利に保護層として使用されるので、相図のアルミニウム富有の側だけが重要である。
本発明による思想を適用することができる、第4の系は、系アルミニウム−マグネシウム、略してAl−Mgである。二成分系Al−Mgは、アルミニウム中でのマグネシウムの限界溶解度ならびにマグネシウム中でのアルミニウムの限界溶解度を有する、2つの共晶からなる二成分系である。基本材料として、有利にアルミニウムが選択される。
Claims (7)
- 第1の基板を第2の基板とボンディングする方法であって、前記の第1の基板上に基本層と保護層とからなるボンディング層を、以下の方法工程:
− 酸化可能な基本材料を基本層として、前記の第1の基板のボンディング側に施与する方法工程、
− 前記基本層を、前記基本材料中に少なくとも部分的に溶解しうる、保護層としての保護材料で100nm未満の厚さで少なくとも部分的に覆う方法工程、
− 双方の前記基板をボンディングする方法工程
により施与し、その際に、前記保護材料は、境界領域内での液体の共晶相の形成はせずに、ボンディング中に基本材料中に全部溶解される、前記方法。 - 前記基本材料は、酸素親和性であり、少なくとも大部分がアルミニウムおよび/または銅からなることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の方法。
- 堆積によって、前記基本材料が施与され、および/または前記基本材料が前記保護材料で覆われることを特徴とする、請求項1または2記載の方法。
- 前記保護層は、前記基本層が少なくとも大部分に、雰囲気に対して密閉されているように施与されることを特徴とする、請求項1から3までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記保護層は、前記ボンディングする方法工程の前に、次のプロセス:
・ガス状還元剤および/または
液体還元剤
による化学的酸化物除去、
・プラズマでの物理的酸化物除去、
・イオンアシスト化学エッチングとして、
FAB又はスパッタリングの高速イオン照射、
研磨および/または
ポリッシング
の1つ以上で処理されることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の方法。 - 次の材料:
・金属として、Cu、Ag、Au、Al、Fe、Ni、Co、Pt、W、Cr、Pb、Ti、Te、Sn、Zn、Ga、
・アルカリ金属として、Li、Na、K、Rb、Cs、
・アルカリ土類金属として、Mg、Ca、Sr、Ba、
・合金、
・ドーピングを備えた半導体、
元素半導体として、Si、Ge、Se、Te、B、Sn、
化合物半導体として、GaAs、GaN、InP、InxGal−xN、InSb、InAs、GaSb、AlN、InN、GaP、BeTe、ZnO、CuInGaSe2、ZnS、ZnSe、ZnTe、CdS、CdSe、CdTe、Hg(1−x)Cd(x)Te、BeSe、HgS、AlxGal−xAs、GaS、GaSe、GaTe、InS、InSe、InTe、CuInSe2、CuInS2、CuInGaS2、SiC、SiGe、の1つ以上は、基本材料および/または保護材料として選択されることを特徴とする、請求項1から5までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 請求項1から6までのいずれか1項に記載の方法でボンディングされることにより得られる、基板の製造方法。
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