JP6326179B1 - ポリウレタン樹脂およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
ポリウレタン樹脂およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6326179B1 JP6326179B1 JP2017564652A JP2017564652A JP6326179B1 JP 6326179 B1 JP6326179 B1 JP 6326179B1 JP 2017564652 A JP2017564652 A JP 2017564652A JP 2017564652 A JP2017564652 A JP 2017564652A JP 6326179 B1 JP6326179 B1 JP 6326179B1
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- polyisocyanate
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Abstract
Description
また、ポリオキシアルキレンジオールのCPR(controlled polymerization rate)は、例えば、5以下、好ましくは、3以下、より好ましくは、2以下、さらに好ましくは、1以下であり、例えば、0以上、好ましくは、0.01以上、より好ましくは、0.1以上である。
より具体的には、ポリオール成分の総量に対して、上記トリオールの含有割合(化学当量基準)が、例えば、10当量%以上、好ましくは、20当量%以上、より好ましくは、30当量%以上、さらに好ましくは、40当量%以上、さらに好ましくは、50当量%以上、さらに好ましくは、50当量%を超過し、とりわけ好ましくは、60当量%以上であり、例えば、99当量%以下、好ましくは、97当量%以下、より好ましくは、95当量%以下、さらに好ましくは、94当量%以下、さらに好ましくは、93当量%以下、さらに好ましくは、90当量%以下、さらに好ましくは、80当量%以下、さらに好ましくは、75当量%以下、とりわけ好ましくは、70当量%以下である。
リウムなどのカリウム塩が挙げられる。
<ペンタメチレンジイソシアネートの濃度(単位:質量%)>
国際公開第2012/121291号パンフレットの明細書における実施例1と同様にして製造されたペンタメチレンジイソシアネート(以下、PDIと略する。)を用い、以下のHPLC分析条件下で得られたクロマトグラムの面積値から作成した検量線により、ポリイソシアネートの誘導体中のペンタメチレンジイソシアネートの濃度を算出した。
1) ポンプ LC−20AT
2) デガッサ DGU−20A3
3) オートサンプラ SIL−20A
4) カラム恒温槽 COT−20A
5) 検出器 SPD−20A
カラム;SHISEIDO SILICA SG−120
カラム温度;40℃
溶離液;n−ヘキサン/メタノール/1,2−ジクロロエタン=90/5/5(体積比)
流量;0.2mL/min
検出方法;UV 225nm
<イソシアネート基含有率(単位:質量%)>
ポリイソシアネートの誘導体のイソシアネート基含有率は、電位差滴定装置を用いて、JIS K−1556(2006年)に準拠したn−ジブチルアミン法により、測定した。
下記の装置および条件にて1H−NMRを測定し、各ピークの積分値からイソシアヌレート基100モルに対するアロファネート基の含有割合を測定した。
装置; JNM−AL400(JEOL製)
条件; 測定周波数:400MHz、溶媒:DMSO、濃度:5%
測定温度:室温、スキャン回数128回
パルス間隔:15秒
アロファネート基のピーク範囲:8.3〜8.7ppm
イソシアヌレート基のピーク範囲:3.8ppm
<CPR>
JIS K1557−4(2007年)に準拠した方法にてCPRを測定した。
2.原料
以下の原料を準備した。また、その他の原料を、以下の製造例に従って製造した。
<ジオール>
D−700:商品名「アクトコールD−700」、ポリオキシアルキレン(炭素数2〜3)ジオール(ポリプロピレングリコール)、平均水酸基価160mgKOH/g、平均官能基数2、水酸基当量350、CPR0.1、三井化学SKCポリウレタン社製
D−400:商品名「アクトコールD−400」、ポリオキシアルキレン(炭素数2〜3)ジオール(ポリプロピレングリコール)、平均水酸基価281mgKOH/g、平均官能基数2、水酸基当量200、三井化学SKCポリウレタン社製
D−1000:商品名「アクトコールD−1000」、ポリオキシアルキレン(炭素数2〜3)ジオール(ポリプロピレングリコール)、平均水酸基価112mgKOH/g、平均官能基数2、水酸基当量500、三井化学SKCポリウレタン社製
D−1500:商品名「アクトコールD−1500」、ポリオキシアルキレン(炭素数2〜3)ジオール(ポリプロピレングリコール)、平均水酸基価75mgKOH/g、平均官能基数2、水酸基当量750、三井化学SKCポリウレタン社製
P−510:商品名「クラレポリオールP−510」、ポリエステルジオール(3−メチル−1,5−ペンタンジオールと、アジピン酸との縮合反応により得られた反応生成物)、平均水酸基価224mgKOH/g、平均官能基数2、水酸基当量250、クラレ社製
6PN:商品名「ビスオール6PN」、ポリオキシアルキレンジオール(ビスフェノールAとプロピレンオキシドの反応生成物)、平均水酸基198mgKOH/g、平均官能基数2、水酸基当量283、東邦化学工業社製
<トリオール>
T−300:商品名「アクトコールT−300」、ポリオキシアルキレン(炭素数2〜3)トリオール(ポリプロピレントリオール)、平均水酸基価561mgKOH/g、平均官能基数3、水酸基当量100、CPR0.1、三井化学SKCポリウレタン社製
T−700:商品名「アクトコールT−700」、ポリオキシアルキレン(炭素数2〜3)トリオール(ポリプロピレントリオール)、平均水酸基価234mgKOH/g、平均官能基数3、水酸基当量240、三井化学SKCポリウレタン社製
T−1500:商品名「アクトコールT−1500」、ポリオキシアルキレン(炭素数2〜3)トリオール(ポリプロピレントリオール)、平均水酸基価112mgKOH/g、平均官能基数3、水酸基当量500、三井化学SKCポリウレタン社製
T−2000:商品名「アクトコールT−2000」、ポリオキシアルキレン(炭素数2〜3)トリオール(ポリプロピレントリオール)、平均水酸基価85mgKOH/g、平均官能基数3、水酸基当量660、三井化学SKCポリウレタン社製
F−510:商品名「クラレポリオールF−510」、ポリエステルトリオール(トリメチロールプロパンおよびアジピン酸の反応生成物と、3−メチル−1,5−ペンタンジオールとの反応により得られた反応生成物)、平均水酸基336mgKOH/g、平均官能基数3、水酸基当量167、クラレ社製
<3官能性を超過するポリオール>
GR−16A:商品名「アクトコールGR−16A」、ポリエーテルポリオール、平均水酸基価550mgKOH/g、平均官能基数3.8、水酸基当量102、三井化学SKCポリウレタン社製
<開環重合式ポリエーテルポリオール>
PTG−1000SN:、ポリテトラメチレンエーテルグリコール(テトラヒドロフランを開環重合して得られるポリエーテルポリオール)、平均水酸基価112mgKOH/g、平均官能基数2、水酸基当量500、保土ヶ谷化学社製
<脂肪族ポリイソシアネート誘導体の調製>
製造例1(脂肪族ポリイソシアネート誘導体Aの製造)
攪拌機、温度計、還流管、および、窒素導入管を備えた4つ口フラスコに、国際公開第2012/121291号パンフレットの明細書における実施例1と同様にして製造されたPDIを500質量部、イソブタノールを19質量部、2,6−ジ(t−ブチル)−4−メチルフェノールを0.3質量部、トリス(トリデシル)ホスファイトを0.3質量部装入し、85℃に昇温し、3時間ウレタン化反応させた。
攪拌機、温度計、還流管、および、窒素導入管を備えた4つ口フラスコに、製造例1と同じPDIを500質量部、イソブチルアルコールを1質量部、2,6−ジ(tert−ブチル)−4−メチルフェノールを0.3質量部、トリス(トリデシル)ホスファイトを0.3質量部装入し、80℃で2時間反応させた。
攪拌機、温度計、還流管、および、窒素導入管を備えた4つ口フラスコに、製造例1と同じPDIを500質量部、イソブチルアルコールを5質量部、2,6−ジ(tert−ブチル)−4−メチルフェノールを0.3質量部、トリス(トリデシル)ホスファイトを0.3質量部装入し、80℃で2時間反応させた。
攪拌機、温度計、還流管、および、窒素導入管を備えた4つ口フラスコに、製造例1と同じPDIを500質量部、1,3−ブタンジオールを6質量部、2,6−ジ(tert−ブチル)−4−メチルフェノールを0.3質量部、トリス(トリデシル)ホスファイトを0.3質量部装入し、80℃で2時間反応させた。
ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート(以下、HDIと略する。)を用いた以外は製造例1と同様の操作にて脂肪族ポリイソシアネート誘導体Eを得た。脂肪族ポリイソシアネート誘導体Eのヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート濃度は0.6質量%、イソシアネート基含有率は19.2質量%、アロファネート基の含有割合がイソシアヌレート基100モルに対して4070モルであった。
HDIを用いた以外は製造例2と同様の操作にて脂肪族ポリイソシアネート誘導体Fを得た。脂肪族ポリイソシアネート誘導体Fのヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート濃度は0.3質量%、イソシアネート基含有率は22.5質量%、アロファネート基の含有割合がイソシアヌレート基100モルに対して8モルであった。
攪拌機、温度計、還流管、および、窒素導入管を備えた4つ口フラスコに、製造例1と同じPDIを500質量部、トリス(トリデシル)ホスファイトを0.2質量部、トリメチルリン酸を8質量部、水を4質量部装入し、130℃に昇温し、イソシアネート基濃度が計算値に達するまで反応させた。得られた反応液を薄膜蒸留装置(真空度0.093KPa、温度150℃)に通液して未反応のペンタメチレンジイソシアネートを除去し、脂肪族ポリイソシアネート誘導体Gを得た。
PDI100モルに対するビウレット基のモル数
=100/[ピーク強度(A)/6]×[ピーク強度(B)/2]
製造例8(脂肪族ポリイソシアネート誘導体Hの製造)
攪拌機、温度計、還流管、および、窒素導入管を備えた4つ口フラスコに、HDIを500質量部、イソブチルアルコールを18質量部、2,6−ジ(tert−ブチル)−4−メチルフェノールを0.3質量部、トリス(トリデシル)ホスファイトを0.3質量部装入し、80℃で2時間反応させた。
製造例9(ポリオールAの製造)
開始剤としてジプロピレングリコール、触媒として水酸化カリウム(KOH)をそれぞれ用いて、温度110℃、最大反応圧力0.4MPaにおいて、水酸基価が160mgKOH/gになるまでプロピレンオキサイドを付加重合させ、粗製ポリオールaを調製した。
粗製ポリオールa中のカリウム1モルに対して、1.00モルのリン酸を添加した以外は製造例9と同様の操作にてポリオールBを得た。精製処理後のポリオールBの水酸基価は161mgKOH/g、水酸基当量は346、CPRは5.4であり、無色透明であった。
製造例11(ポリオールCの製造)
開始剤としてグリセリン、触媒としてKOHをそれぞれ用いて、温度110℃、最大反応圧力0.4MPaにおいて、水酸基価が561mgKOH/gになるまでプロピレンオキサイドを付加重合させ、粗製ポリオールcを調製した。
粗製ポリオールc中のカリウム1モルに対して、1.00モルのリン酸を添加した以外は製造例11と同様の操作にてポリオールDを得た。精製処理後のポリオールDのOHVは565mgKOH/g、水酸基当量は99.6、CPRは5.2であり、無色透明であった。
実施例1(ポリウレタン樹脂の製造)
D−700を25質量部と、T−300を75質量部とを50℃において均一に混合して、ポリオール成分を得た。
表1〜表10に示した質量部で、ポリオール成分とポリイソシアネート成分を配合した以外は実施例1と同様の操作にてポリウレタン樹脂を得た。
ポリオールAを12.1質量部、ポリオールBを12.9質量部、ポリオールCを34.6質量部、および、ポリオールDを40.4質量部、50℃において均一に混合して、ポリオール成分を得た。
ポリオールAを8.4質量部、ポリオールBを16.6質量部、ポリオールCを23.1質量部、ポリオールDを51.9質量部、50℃において均一に混合して、ポリオール成分を得た。
D−700を25質量部と、T−300を75質量部とを50℃において均一に混合して、ポリオール成分を得た。
D−700を25質量部と、T−300を75質量部とを50℃において均一に混合して、ポリオール成分を得た。
D−700を25質量部と、T−300を75質量部とを50℃において均一に混合して、ポリオール成分を得た。
P−510を30.0質量部と、T−300を70.0質量部と、イルガノックス245(ヒンダードフェノール系酸化防止剤、BASFジャパン社製)を0.2質量部とを、50℃において均一に混合して、ポリオール成分を得た。
表3および表4に示した質量部で、ポリオール成分とポリイソシアネート成分を配合した以外は実施例21と同様の操作にてポリウレタン樹脂を得た。
D−400を25質量部と、P−510を30質量部と、T−300を45質量部と、イルガノックス245を0.2質量部とを、50℃において均一に混合して、ポリオール成分を得た。
<初期のヘイズ(光透過性)>
各実施例および各比較例で得られた2mmのポリウレタン樹脂を用い、JIS K7136(2000年)に準じて、Haze Meter(日本電色工業製、モデル:NDH 2000、光源:D65)によりヘイズを測定した。その結果を表1〜表10に示す。また、実施例1、3および4と、比較例1および2とを参照し、イソシアヌレート基に対するアロファネート基の割合と、ヘイズとの関係を図1に示す。
各実施例および各比較例で得られた2mmのポリウレタン樹脂を、80℃、90%RHの恒温恒湿槽に72時間静置することにより、耐湿熱試験した。
下記式に従って、耐湿熱試験前後におけるヘイズの変化量を算出した。その結果を表1〜表10に示す。
そして、実施例1、3および4と、比較例1および2とを参照し、イソシアヌレート基に対するアロファネート基の割合と、耐湿熱試験前後におけるヘイズの変化量との関係を、図3に示す。
各実施例および各比較例で得られた10mmのポリウレタン樹脂を用い、JIS K7312(1996年)に準じてタイプD硬さ試験を測定した。その結果を表1〜表10に示す。また、実施例1、3および4と、比較例1および2とを参照し、イソシアヌレート基に対するアロファネート基の割合と、硬度との関係を図1に示す。
2mmの金型で得られたポリウレタン樹脂を、JIS−3号ダンベルにて打ち抜いた。次いで、引張試験機(エー・アンド・デイ社製、モデル:RTG−1310)を用いて、23℃、相対湿度55%の雰囲気下、引張速度100mm/min、チャック間距離20mmの条件で引張試験した。これにより、破断強度を測定した。
破断強度の引張試験で得られた破断時の伸度を破断伸度とした。
<引裂強度(単位:N/mm)>
2mm金型で得られたポリウレタン樹脂を、JIS−B型ダンベルにて打ち抜いた。次いで、破断強度と同様の条件にて引張試験し、引裂強度を測定した。
シリコン製注型モールドで得られたポリウレタン樹脂表面の凹凸をヒケとする。以下の基準で評価した。
5:ヒケの発生なし
4:ヒケが全体の1%以上25%未満
3:ヒケが全体の25%以上50%未満
2:ヒケが全体の50%以上75%未満
1:ヒケが75%以上100%以下
<裂け・割れ>
2mmの金属製注型モールドで得られたポリウレタン樹脂を脱型する際、ポリウレタン樹脂に裂けや割れが発生しなかったものを○、発生したものを×と評価した。
Claims (5)
- ポリイソシアネート成分と、ポリオール成分との反応生成物であって、
前記ポリイソシアネート成分は、脂肪族ポリイソシアネートの誘導体を含有し、
前記脂肪族ポリイソシアネートの誘導体は、イソシアヌレート基およびアロファネート基を有し、アロファネート基の含有割合が、イソシアヌレート基100モルに対して、10モル以上90モル以下であり、
前記ポリオール成分は、
水酸基価が100mgKOH/g以上600mgKOH/g以下のトリオールと、
水酸基価が100mgKOH/g以上300mgKOH/g以下のジオールと
を含有し、
前記トリオールは、
オキシアルキレン基の炭素数が2〜3であるポリオキシアルキレントリオール、および/または、
多塩基酸および/またはそのアルキルエステルと多価アルコールとの反応生成物であるポリエステルトリオール
であり、
前記ジオールは、
オキシアルキレン基の炭素数が2〜3であるポリオキシアルキレンジオール、および/または、
多塩基酸および/またはそのアルキルエステルと多価アルコールとの反応生成物であるポリエステルジオールである
ことを特徴とする、ポリウレタン樹脂。 - 前記脂肪族ポリイソシアネートが、ペンタメチレンジイソシアネートを含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のポリウレタン樹脂。
- 前記ポリオール成分の平均官能基数が、2.1以上2.9以下である
ことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のポリウレタン樹脂。 - 前記ポリオール成分の総量に対して、
前記ポリエステルジオールおよび前記ポリエステルトリオールの含有割合の総量が、5当量%以上70当量%以下である
ことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のポリウレタン樹脂。 - ポリイソシアネート成分と、ポリオール成分とを反応させる工程を備え、
前記ポリイソシアネート成分は、脂肪族ポリイソシアネートの誘導体を含有し、
前記脂肪族ポリイソシアネートの誘導体は、イソシアヌレート基およびアロファネート基を有し、アロファネート基の含有割合が、イソシアヌレート基100モルに対して、10モル以上90モル以下であり、
前記ポリオール成分は、
水酸基価が100mgKOH/g以上600mgKOH/g以下のトリオールと、
水酸基価が100mgKOH/g以上300mgKOH/g以下のジオールと
を含有し、
前記トリオールは、
オキシアルキレン基の炭素数が2〜3であるポリオキシアルキレントリオール、および/または、
多塩基酸および/またはそのアルキルエステルと多価アルコールとの反応生成物であるポリエステルトリオール
であり、
前記ジオールは、
オキシアルキレン基の炭素数が2〜3であるポリオキシアルキレンジオール、および/または、
多塩基酸および/またはそのアルキルエステルと多価アルコールとの反応生成物であるポリエステルジオールであり、
前記ポリオール成分の水酸基に対する前記ポリイソシアネート成分のイソシアネート基の当量比(NCO/OH)が0.9以上1.1以下であることを特徴とする、ポリウレタン樹脂の製造方法。
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CN112500808B (zh) * | 2020-12-02 | 2022-04-15 | 合肥乐凯科技产业有限公司 | 一种抗菌型漆面保护膜 |
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WO2018021394A1 (ja) | 2018-02-01 |
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