JP6138018B2 - 赤外線固体撮像素子 - Google Patents
赤外線固体撮像素子 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 70
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 61
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 276
- 229910000673 Indium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 27
- RPQDHPTXJYYUPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium arsenide Chemical compound [In]#[As] RPQDHPTXJYYUPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229910005542 GaSb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- WPYVAWXEWQSOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium antimonide Chemical compound [Sb]#[In] WPYVAWXEWQSOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- -1 InAsSb Chemical compound 0.000 description 6
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000661 Mercury cadmium telluride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910017115 AlSb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000980 Aluminium gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003331 infrared imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Mg+2] ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001635 magnesium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001451 molecular beam epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003362 semiconductor superlattice Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009751 slip forming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000927 vapour-phase epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
- H01L27/14643—Photodiode arrays; MOS imagers
- H01L27/14649—Infrared imagers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
- H01L27/14601—Structural or functional details thereof
- H01L27/14625—Optical elements or arrangements associated with the device
- H01L27/14629—Reflectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/0256—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
- H01L31/0264—Inorganic materials
- H01L31/0304—Inorganic materials including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIIIBV compounds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/0352—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their shape or by the shapes, relative sizes or disposition of the semiconductor regions
- H01L31/035236—Superlattices; Multiple quantum well structures
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid State Image Pick-Up Elements (AREA)
- Light Receiving Elements (AREA)
- Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
Description
図1は、全体が100で表される、本発明の実施の形態1にかかる赤外線固体撮像素子の断面図である。また、図2は、図1と直交する方向における、赤外線固体撮像素子100の断面図である。なお、図1の断面方向(紙面では横方向)を第1の方向、図2の断面方向を第2の方向という。
このため、本発明の実施の形態1にかかる量子型赤外線固体撮像素子100では、各画素の下部コンタクト層5は、第2のメタル配線の下部コンタクト層への電気的接続部16を介して、溝側壁上に形成した第2のメタル配線11に接続される。第2のメタル配線11は、2次元画素アレイ18内の全面でつながって形成されるから、2次元画素アレイ18の端部で、共通電極として、バンプ接続でシリコン読み出し回路チップ14と接続することが可能となる。すなわち、本発明の実施の形態1にかかる量子型赤外線固体撮像素子100で溝側壁上に形成した第2のメタル配線11は、溝部上に形成された反射膜としての機能と、各画素の下部コンタクト層5を2次元画素アレイ18内全面で電気的に接続する機能を、同時に実現する。
図9は、全体が200で表される、本発明の実施の形態2にかかる赤外線固体撮像素子の断面図である。また、図10は、図9と直交する方向における、赤外線固体撮像素子200の断面図である。図9、10中、図1、2と同一符号は、同一または相当箇所を示す。
図11は、全体が300で表される、本発明の実施の形態3にかかる赤外線固体撮像素子の断面図である。図11中、図1、2と同一符号は、同一または相当箇所を示す。
図12は、全体が400で表される、本発明の実施の形態4にかかる赤外線固体撮像素子の断面図である。図12中、図1、2と同一符号は、同一または相当箇所を示す。
図13は、全体が500で表される、本発明の実施の形態5にかかる赤外線固体撮像素子の断面図である。図13中、図1、2と同一符号は、同一または相当箇所を示す。
Claims (9)
- 複数の単位検知部をマトリックス状に設けた赤外線固体撮像素子であって、
該単位検知部は、
赤外光誘導層と、
該赤外光誘導層の上に設けられた第1反射層と、
該第1反射層の上に設けられた赤外光検知部であって、赤外光を吸収する赤外光吸収層と、該赤外光吸収層の上に設けられた上部コンタクト層と、該赤外光吸収層の下に設けられた下部コンタクト層とを含む該赤外光検知部と、
該上部コンタクト層に電気的に接続された第1メタル配線と、を含み、
該単位検知部の側壁は、該赤外光誘導層の底面の法線方向に対して45°未満のテーパ角で傾斜して、隣り合う該単位検知部の間に溝部を形成し、
該単位検知部の側壁の上に第1絶縁層が設けられ、該第1絶縁層の上に第2メタル配線が設けられ、
該第1反射層の屈折率は、該下部コンタクト層の屈折率より小さいことを特徴とする赤外線固体撮像素子。 - 複数の単位検知部をマトリックス状に設けた赤外線固体撮像素子であって、
該単位検知部は、
赤外光誘導層と、
該赤外光誘導層の上に設けられた第1反射層と、
該第1反射層の上に設けられた赤外光検知部であって、赤外光を吸収する赤外光吸収層と、該赤外光吸収層の上に設けられた上部コンタクト層と、該赤外光吸収層の下に設けられた下部コンタクト層とを含む該赤外光検知部と、
該上部コンタクト層に電気的に接続された第1メタル配線と、を含み、
該単位検知部は、第2反射層の上に配置され、
該単位検知部の側壁は、該赤外光誘導層の底面の法線に対して45°未満の第1テーパ角で傾斜して、隣り合う該単位検知部の間に溝部を備え、
該単位検知部の側壁の上に第1絶縁層が設けられ、該第1絶縁層の上に第2メタル配線が設けられ、
該第1反射層の屈折率は、該下部コンタクト層の屈折率より小さく、該第2反射層の屈折率は、該赤外光誘導層の屈折率より小さいことを特徴とする赤外線固体撮像素子。 - 上記赤外光検知部は、化合物半導体検知部、またはタイプ2超格子型検知部であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の赤外線固体撮像素子。
- 上記第2メタル配線は、上記下部コンタクト層と電気的に接続されたことを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の赤外線固体撮像素子。
- 上記赤外光吸収層と、上記上部コンタクト層または上記下部コンタクト層との間に、バリア層を含み、該バリア層は、該赤外光吸収層から該上部コンタクト層または該下部コンタクト層に流れる多数キャリアに対してエネルギーバンド障壁を形成することを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の赤外線固体撮像素子。
- 上記単位検知部の側壁は、上記赤外光吸収層と上記下部コンタクト層との界面より上方の上記テーパ角が、該界面より下方の該テーパ角より大きいことを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか記載の赤外線固体撮像素子。
- 上記上部コンタクトの上部形状は、上に凸の球面状であることを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれか記載の赤外線固体撮像素子。
- 複数の上記単位検知部から1つの画素が構成され、
該画素内において、全ての該単位検知部の第1のメタル配線が共通に接続されていることを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の赤外線固体撮像素子。 - 上記赤外光検知部は、Ga、Sb、In、As、およびAlからなる群から選択された、SbまたはInを必ず含む2種類以上の元素からなることを特徴とする請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の赤外線固体撮像素子。
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JP2013208411A JP6138018B2 (ja) | 2013-10-03 | 2013-10-03 | 赤外線固体撮像素子 |
US14/487,196 US9209218B2 (en) | 2013-10-03 | 2014-09-16 | Infrared solid-state imaging device |
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JP6903896B2 (ja) * | 2016-01-13 | 2021-07-14 | ソニーグループ株式会社 | 受光素子の製造方法 |
JP6673038B2 (ja) | 2016-06-10 | 2020-03-25 | 富士通株式会社 | 半導体結晶基板、赤外線検出装置、半導体結晶基板の製造方法及び赤外線検出装置の製造方法 |
JP6720710B2 (ja) * | 2016-06-14 | 2020-07-08 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 赤外線検知素子 |
US10411146B1 (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2019-09-10 | United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | High absorption infrared superlattices |
JP6863093B2 (ja) * | 2017-06-01 | 2021-04-21 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 受光素子およびその製造方法 |
JP7073948B2 (ja) | 2018-07-05 | 2022-05-24 | 富士通株式会社 | 赤外線検出器、赤外線検出装置及び赤外線検出器の製造方法 |
JP2020115515A (ja) * | 2019-01-17 | 2020-07-30 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | 撮像装置及び電子機器 |
JP7283148B2 (ja) * | 2019-03-14 | 2023-05-30 | 富士通株式会社 | 赤外線検出器、これを用いた撮像装置、及び赤外線検出器の製造方法 |
WO2023212298A1 (en) | 2022-04-29 | 2023-11-02 | Broadwing Bio Llc | Bispecific antibodies and methods of treating ocular disease |
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US6147349A (en) * | 1998-07-31 | 2000-11-14 | Raytheon Company | Method for fabricating a self-focusing detector pixel and an array fabricated in accordance with the method |
JP2008066584A (ja) * | 2006-09-08 | 2008-03-21 | Asahi Kasei Electronics Co Ltd | 光センサ |
JP5294558B2 (ja) * | 2006-12-19 | 2013-09-18 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 埋込導波路型受光素子とその製造方法 |
JP2008288243A (ja) * | 2007-05-15 | 2008-11-27 | Sony Corp | 固体撮像装置とその製造方法および撮像装置 |
US20110042647A1 (en) | 2009-08-18 | 2011-02-24 | U.S. Government As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Corrugated-quantum well infrared photodetector with reflective sidewall and method |
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