JP6104259B2 - イオン伝導性膜 - Google Patents
イオン伝導性膜 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6104259B2 JP6104259B2 JP2014536338A JP2014536338A JP6104259B2 JP 6104259 B2 JP6104259 B2 JP 6104259B2 JP 2014536338 A JP2014536338 A JP 2014536338A JP 2014536338 A JP2014536338 A JP 2014536338A JP 6104259 B2 JP6104259 B2 JP 6104259B2
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims description 97
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 43
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 43
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000010411 electrocatalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorosulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(F)(=O)=O UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 84
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 32
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 20
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 17
- -1 methanol or ethanol Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229920000412 polyarylene Polymers 0.000 description 9
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 7
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 4
- 201000000760 cerebral cavernous malformation Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920004695 VICTREX™ PEEK Polymers 0.000 description 3
- JUPQTSLXMOCDHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,4-diol;bis(4-fluorophenyl)methanone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 JUPQTSLXMOCDHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002144 chemical decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002322 conducting polymer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003934 Aciplex® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003935 Flemion® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002484 cyclic voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001643 poly(ether ketone) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001111 Fine metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108700038980 S-((2-chloroethyl)carbamoyl)glutathione Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000011712 cell development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012668 chain scission Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002999 depolarising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004815 dispersion polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroperoxyl Chemical group O[O] OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001600 hydrophobic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001657 poly(etheretherketoneketone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001660 poly(etherketone-etherketoneketone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003208 poly(ethylene sulfide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/1032—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having sulfur, e.g. sulfonated-polyethersulfones [S-PES]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/9041—Metals or alloys
-
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1004—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/1023—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having only carbon, e.g. polyarylenes, polystyrenes or polybutadiene-styrenes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/1025—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having only carbon and oxygen, e.g. polyethers, sulfonated polyetheretherketones [S-PEEK], sulfonated polysaccharides, sulfonated celluloses or sulfonated polyesters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/1027—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having carbon, oxygen and other atoms, e.g. sulfonated polyethersulfones [S-PES]
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- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1039—Polymeric electrolyte materials halogenated, e.g. sulfonated polyvinylidene fluorides
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- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1041—Polymer electrolyte composites, mixtures or blends
- H01M8/1044—Mixtures of polymers, of which at least one is ionically conductive
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- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
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- H01M8/1053—Polymer electrolyte composites, mixtures or blends consisting of layers of polymers with at least one layer being ionically conductive
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- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Description
(i)白金族金属(白金、パラジウム、ロジウム、ルテニウム、イリジウム及びオスミウム)、
(ii)金又は銀、
から好適に選択される。一次金属は、1つ以上の他の貴金属、例えばルテニウム又はベース金属、例えばモリブデン、タングステン、コバルト、クロム、ニッケル、鉄、銅又はこれらの酸化物と合金化又は混合されてもよい。好ましくは、一次金属は白金である。電気触媒が担持触媒である場合、炭素支持体材料の金属粒子の充填量は、好適には、5〜90重量%、好ましくは5〜75重量%の範囲である。
(i)本発明のイオン伝導性膜は、2つのガス拡散電極(1つのアノード及び1つのカソード)間に挟持されてもよい;
(ii)触媒層によって片側のみコーティングされ、ガス拡散層とガス拡散電極との間に挟持された本発明の触媒被覆イオン伝導性膜であって、ガス拡散層は、触媒層でコーティングされたイオン伝導性膜の側部と接触する;又は
(iii)触媒層の両側にコーティングされ、2つのガス拡散層間に挟持された本発明の触媒被覆イオン伝導性膜
が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。
本発明のイオン伝導性膜の調製
スルホン化ポリアリーレンエーテルケトンコポリマーは、遊星ミルを用いて粉砕され、アセトン/THF/水(6/3/1)に溶解させ、濾過し、1.24%溶液を得た。この溶液を、約45℃にて真空床上の位置に保持された17μmの補強されたPFSA膜上に自動化スプレーコーターを用いてスプレーコーティングした。得られた膜は、一方の面に形成されたわずかに半透明の炭化水素ポリマー層を示した。SEMは、炭化水素層の厚さが2μmであること、及び補強材料が、PFSA(第1の)層内のみに存在することを示した。
CCMは、アノード(<0.1mg/cm2Pt;60%Pt/Ketjen EC300J カーボンブラック/150%水性Nafion)及びカソード(0.4mg/cm2Pt;60%Pt/Ketjen EC300J カーボンブラック/120%水性Nafion)の間に上記で調製された膜を積層する(170℃/800psiにて)ことによって調製された。CCMは、アノード側では炭素コーティングされたテフロン処理されたToray TGP−G−H060(Toray Industries製)と組み合わせ、カソード側ではSGL Technologies GmbHからのSigracet(登録商標)シリーズのガス拡散層を組み合わせて、完全な5層MEAを得た。
膜が、それらの一方の表面上に炭化水素コーティングを有していない17μmの補強されたPFSA膜であった以外は、実施例1について記載されるのと同様の様式でCCMを調製した。CCMは、アノード側では炭素コーティングされたテフロン処理されたToray TGP−G−H060(Toray Industries製)と組み合わせ、カソード側ではSGL Technologies GmbHからのSigracet(登録商標)シリーズ製の基板を組み合わせて完全な5層MEAを得た。
実施例1及び比較例1において調製されたMEAは、蛇行するチャネルフローフィールドプレートを有する49cm2の活性面積のグラファイトプレート単一燃料電池において試験した。ブラダーシステムを用いて、セルを60psiに圧縮した。
分極試験の完了時、実施例1及び比較例1のMEAは、初期条件、すなわち80℃、100%RHのアノード/100%RHのカソード、H2/空気、100kPaのアノード/100kPaのカソード、2/2の化学量論におおよそ1時間戻した。次いでカソードガスを空気からN2(1.5L/min)に切り替え、小さい負荷(100mA/cm2)を10分間かけ、カソード電極上の残留空気を消費した。次いで、セルを制御するためのポテンショスタットを用いてカソード電極からのサイクリック・ボルタンメトリー・データを収集した:(0.05〜1.0V,15mV/s)。結果を図4に示す。0.35〜0.45Vの電圧にて得られた電流は、H2クロスオーバーによる;電流が小さくなるにつれて、クロスオーバーも小さくなる。本発明の実施例1は、この領域において順方向電圧及び逆方向電圧掃引の両方からの低い平均電流を有し、故に比較例1に比べてH2クロスオーバーが低減されたことがわかる。
Claims (8)
- 第一の層と第二の層を含み、第一の層がペルフルオロスルホン酸ポリマーを含むイオン伝導性膜において、第二の層がスルホン化炭化水素ポリマーを含み、イオン伝導性膜が、5μm〜50μmの総厚さを有し、第二の層が2μm以下の総厚さを有することを特徴とする、イオン伝導性膜。
- スルホン化炭化水素ポリマーを含む第三の層を更に含み、第一の層が第二の層と第三の層との間に挟持される、請求項1に記載のイオン伝導性膜。
- 第三の層が2μm以下の総厚さを有する、請求項2に記載のイオン伝導性膜。
- 第二の層が、スルホン化炭化水素ポリマー及びペルフルオロスルホン酸ポリマーの混合物を含む、請求項1から3の何れか一項に記載のイオン伝導性膜。
- 第三の層が、スルホン化炭化水素ポリマー及びペルフルオロスルホン酸ポリマーの混合物を含む、請求項2から4の何れか一項に記載のイオン伝導性膜。
- 請求項1から5の何れか一項に記載のイオン伝導性膜と、該膜の少なくとも一側に堆積された電気触媒層を含む触媒被覆膜。
- 請求項1から5の何れか一項に記載のイオン伝導性膜を含む膜電極接合体。
- 請求項6に記載の触媒被覆膜を含む膜電極接合体。
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PCT/GB2012/052636 WO2013061054A1 (en) | 2011-10-24 | 2012-10-24 | Ion-conducting membrane |
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GB201515870D0 (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2015-10-21 | Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells Ltd | Process |
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GB201118288D0 (en) | 2011-12-07 |
US10530002B2 (en) | 2020-01-07 |
JP2015502629A (ja) | 2015-01-22 |
KR102037828B1 (ko) | 2019-10-30 |
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